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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The Cenozoic history (0 to 65 million years, Myr, ago) of the Arctic Ocean is largely unknown from direct evidence. Here we present the first Cenozoic palaeoceanographic record constructed from 〉 400 m of core from a recent drilling expedition to the Lomonosov Ridge. Our record shows a palaeoenvironmental transition from a warm greenhouse world, of the latest Palaeocene and early Eocene, to an icehouse world influenced by sea ice and icebergs from the middle Eocene to the present. We show: 1-2 cm per thousand years (ka) sedimentation rates occurred from the middle Miocene - Holocene (~18-0 Myr) in stark contrast to rates proposed in earlier studies; the first occurrence of ice-rafted debris (IRD) is in the middle Eocene (~45 Myr), ~35 Myr earlier than previously thought; prior to the IRD, fresh surface waters were present at ~49 Myr; and warm surface waters, ~10° warmer than previous estimates, occurred during the Palaeocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The revised timing of Arctic cooling events coincides with those from Antarctica, supporting arguments for bi-polar symmetry in climate change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-10-07
    Description: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning of marine and lake sediments has been extensively used to study changes in past environmental and climatic processes over a range of timescales. The interpretation of XRF-derived element ratios in paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic studies primarily considers differences in the relative abundances of particular elements. Here we present new XRF core scanning data from two long sediment cores in the Andaman Sea in the northern Indian Ocean and show that sea level related processes influence terrigenous inputs based proxies such as Ti/Ca, Fe/Ca, and elemental concentrations of the transition metals (e.g., Mn). Zr/Rb ratios are mainly a function of changes in median grain size of lithogenic particles and often covary with changes in Ca concentrations that reflect changes in biogenic calcium carbonate production. This suggests that a common process (i.e., sea level) influences both records. The interpretation of lighter element data (e.g., Si and Al) based on low XRF counts is complicated as variations in mean grain size and water content result in systematic artifacts and signal intensities not related to the Al or Si content of the sediments. This highlights the need for calibration of XRF core scanning data based on discrete sample analyses and careful examination of sediment properties such as porosity/water content for reliably disentangling environmental signals from other physical properties. In the case of the Andaman Sea, reliable extraction of a monsoon signal requires accounting for the sea level influence on the XRF data.
    Keywords: 552.5 ; marine sediments ; lake sediments ; core scanning ; X‐ray fluorescence (XRF ; sediment properties
    Language: English
    Type: map
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-11-25
    Description: Orbital-scale precipitation isotope records can elucidate climate forcing mechanisms and provide benchmarks for climate model validation. The ability to differentiate the influence of temperature, seasonality, and vapor transport history on precipitation isotope proxies is critical to both objectives. We present a 300 k.y. leaf wax hydrogen isotope record from the South China Sea with the effects of local condensation temperature removed ( 2 H wax– T ). 2 H wax– T reflects annually integrated precipitation 2 H in the Pearl River catchment of southeast China. Depleted 2 H wax– T lags minimum precession (P min ) by 1.0 ± 0.7 k.y., reflecting the influence of maximum summer insolation and minimum winter insolation, with a minor influence of global ice volume, which lags P min by 3.3 ± 0.4 k.y. In contrast, annually integrated cave 18 O minima in central China, 1000 km north of our site, lag P min by 2.7 ± 0.3 k.y., in phase with ice volume minima. This phase indicates that precipitation 18 O in central China is more strongly influenced by ice volume forcing at the precession band, with a lesser influence of Northern Hemisphere insolation. Our new 2 H wax– T data demonstrate that precipitation isotopes in Asia have strong regional variability. Interpreting water isotope records within the context of regionally varying temperature, seasonality, and sensitivity to changing glacial boundary conditions is imperative to understanding Asian hydroclimatic change.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
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