GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-04-14
    Description: In February 2016, 47 ingots were found in the seabed of Contrada Bulala (Gela, CL, Italy) near the site where 40 ingots had previously been recovered. The ingots composition was determined to be a Cu - Zn alloy, dated by the archaeologist to the VI century B.C. This specific alloy was then known as Orichalcum. From an archaeological point of view, the first question raised about the new discovery was whether the ingots of the first and the second excavations belonged to the same shipwreck. Following the previous study, an elemental analysis was performed on the ingots from the second finding by using ICP-OS and ICP-MS techniques. The chemometric treatment of the analytical results obtained on both sets, i.e. ingots from first and second discovery, confirms their similarity. Therefore, the two findings can be considered to belong to the same naval load. The lead isotopic ratios were determined on selected/representative ingots to improve the knowledge about this treasure. Results can provide information about probable location of the lead sources, that could be very useful for the reconstruction of the ancient trade routes in the Mediterranean Sea.
    Description: Published
    Description: 102901
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Orichalcum ingots ; Lead Isotopic ratio ; ICP-OES ICP-MS ; Chemometric approach ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-09-13
    Description: In this work a careful ICP-OES and ICP-MS investigation of 38 ancient ingots has been performed to determine both major components and trace elements content to find a correlation between the observed different features and the composition. The ingots, recovered in an underwater archaeological site of various finds near Gela (CL, Italy), were previously investigated by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy to know the composition of the alloy and it was found that the major elements were copper and zinc, in a ratio compatible with the famous orichalcum similar to the contemporary brass that was considered a precious metal in ancient times. The discovery of huge amount this alloy is extraordinary. Following a chemometric approach at first, the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) allowed us to highlight three well-defined groups of ingots and to point out three ingots that appeared outlier with respect to the whole sample set. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) enabled us to confirm the difference between the hypothesized groups. The prediction power of the variables computed by SIMCA allowed us pointing out some elements able to differentiate each group. The three well-defined groups of ingots resulting from the chemometric analysis were in agreement with the observations of some morphological parameters such as ingot shape, width, and length and weight and by the presence of different kind of patina. The appearance of three distinctive families of ingots can indicate different geographical location of the furnace, different technology stages and/or different raw material used in melting process and the morphology is indicative of cast diverse technologies. These findings can signify the starting point for giving important insights in the archaeometric study of the orichalcum ingots regarding the provenience and the manufacture technologies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 163–170
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori sperimentali e analitici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Orichalcum ingots; ICP-OES; ICP-MS; Chemometric approach ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...