Note: Title page -- Preface -- List of Referees -- Organizing Committees -- List of Participants -- Contents -- Invited Speakers -- A Start of New Field of Electromagnetic and Mechanical Maintenance Engineering -- NDE Research Makes a Difference -- Industrial Applications of 3MA - Micromagnetic Multiparameter Microstructure and Stress Analysis -- 3D Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Electromagnetic Inspection of Defects in Steel -- Magnetic Materials -- Evaluation of Irradiation Embrittlement in Fe-Cu-Ni-Mn Model Alloys by Measurements of Magnetic Minor Hysteresis Loops -- Analysis of Barkhausen Noise Characteristics and Mechanical Properties on Cold Rolled Low Carbon Steel -- A Bridge Between NDE and Charpy Impact Testing -- ND-Materials Characterization of Neutron-Induced Embrittlement in German Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Material by Micromagnetic NDT Techniques -- Evaluation of Chill Contents in Flake Graphite Cast Irons Using AC Magnetization Method -- Characterisation of Microstructures in Heat Treated Maraging Steel Using Eddy Current and Barkhausen Emission Techniques -- Novel Acoustic Barkhausen Noise Transducer and Its Comparison with Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer -- Modelling and Measurement of Decarburisation of Steels Using a Multi-Frequency Electromagnetic Sensor -- Assessment of Grinding Damage on Gear Teeth Using Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Measurements -- Evaluation of Contact Fatigue Damage on Gears Using the Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Technique -- Inverse Problems -- 3D Reconstruction of Flaws in Metallic Materials by Eddy Currents Inspections -- Multi-Frequency Eddy Current Imaging for the Detection of Buried Cracks in Aeronautical Structures -- A Comparative Study of Source Separation Techniques for the Detection of Buried Defects in the EC NDE of Aeronautical Multi-Layered Lap-Joints. , Fundamental Feature Extraction Methods for the Analysis of Eddy Current Data -- Inversion of Potential Drop Data for the Reconstruction of Crack Depth Profiles -- Automatic Classification of Defects with the Review of an Appropriate Feature Extraction -- Microwave Nondestructive Detection of Longitudinal Cracks in Pipe with U-Bend and Prediction of Its Location by Signal Processing -- Some Experiences with Microwave Investigation of Material Defects -- Modeling -- Effect of Crack Closure on Quantitative ECT Inspection of Closed Fatigue Cracks -- Toward the Reconstruction of Stress Corrosion Cracks Using Benchmark Eddy Currents Signals -- Evaluation of Subsurface Cracks in Riveted Aluminium Joints Using Industrial Eddy Current Instrumentation -- Design of a System for the Long Defects Detection with Advanced Methods for Eddy-Currents Analysis -- Theory of Four-Point Alternating Current Potential Drop Measurements on a Layered Conductive Half-Space -- Integration of Tilted Coil Models in a Volume Integral Method for Realistic Simulations of Eddy Current Inspections -- Modeling of Flawed Riveted Structures for EC Inspection in Aeronautics -- Numerical Modeling of Eddy Current Nondestructive Evaluation of Ferromagnetic Tubes via an Integral Equation Approach -- Design of Reflection Type Pulsed Eddy Current Nondestructive Testing -- Applications -- Noninvasive Characterization of Bjork-Shiley Convexo-Concave Prosthetic Heart Valves Using an Electromagnetic Method -- Remote Field Eddy Current Control Using Rotating Magnetic Field Transducer. Application to Pressure Tubes Examination -- Lifetime Prediction of Pressure Tubes in PHWR Nuclear Power Plants Using Eddy Current Data -- Electromagnetic Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Rebars. , Advanced Probe with Array of Pick-Up Coils for Improved Crack Evaluation in Eddy-Current Non-Destructive Testing -- Observation of Stress Loaded Ferromagnetic Samples Using Remanent Flux Leakage Method -- Evaluation of Complex Multifrequency Eddy Current Transducer Designed for Precise Flaw Depth Measurements -- Comparative Study of Coil Arrangements for the EC Testing of Small Surface Breaking Defects -- Author Index.

Note: Intro -- Positron and Positronium Chemistry -- Committees -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- Section 1. Fundamental Aspects of Positronium Chemistry and Symposium on Positronium Molecules -- Positronium Chemistry in Polymeric Membrane Systems -- Resonant Positron Annihilation on Molecules -- Prospects for Laser Spectroscopy of Ps2 -- Positronium Molecule Formation on Al (111)a -- Dipositronium and other Two-Positronium Compounds -- Ortho-Positronium Reemission Yield and Energy in Surfactant-Templated Mesoporous Silica Films -- Collisions Involving Positrons and Positronium -- Positronium Thermalization Process in Nanoporous Materials and its Influence on the Shape of PALS Spectrum -- S-Wave Resonances in Positron Scattering from Li and Na -- Positronium in Alkanes at High Pressure of Argon and Nitrogen -- Section 2. Polymer and Insulator -- A Phenomenological Description of the PALS Response in Glass - Forming Systems -- Momentum Distributions of Ortho-Positronium Dependent on Electronic State at Free Volume Walls in Insulators -- Free Volume and Oxygen Permeability in Polymers Related to Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells -- Effect of Oxygen on the Free Volume Property of Poly (Ether-Urethane) Irradiated by Neutron -- Seeking the Good Fitting Procedure of PALS Polymer Spectra -- Studying Polyamide Water Separation Film Using Slow Positron Beam -- Positron Annihilation Lifetime Study of Graft-Type Fluorinated Polymer Electrolyte Membranes -- Analysis of Radiation Induced Phenomena in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane with Positron Annihilation Technique -- The Interface of Multi-Phase Polymer Systems Studied by Positron Annihilation -- The Effect of Anneal on PP and PA Blends Studied by Positron -- Investigation of Free Volume in Epoxy Resins Studied by PALS -- Positron Annihilation and Chemistry of Groups in Hyperbranched Polymers. , The Influence of Acrylic Acid Groups on the Microstructure of HDPE/PS/Clay System Studied by Positron Annihilation -- Influence of Free Volume on Damping Properties for CIIR and CIIR/PEA Investigated by Positron -- Section 3. Surface and Interface, Non-Metallic Solids -- Atomic Scale Study of Surface Structures and Phase Transitions with Reflection High-Energy Positron Diffraction -- Positron Beam Characterization of Silica Thin Films with Structurally Ordered Porosity -- Positron Beam Study of Co Doped ZnO Films Prepared by PLD -- Positron Implantation and Transmission Experiments on Free-Standing Nanometric Polymer Films -- Slow Positron Beam Probe for the ZnO/Silicone under Proton Irradiation -- Hydrogen- and Corrosion-Related Defect Characterization of Iron and Steels Using a Slow Positron Beam -- Disordered Structures of Adsorbed Hydrogens on Ni(111) Surface Studied by Slow Positron Beam and LEED -- Vacancy-Hydrogen Complexes in ZnO -- Positron Lifetime Study on Degradation of TiCrV Hydrogen Storage Alloy -- Structure and Positron Characteristics of Basic Open Volume Defects in Zirconia -- Luminescence and Defect Study of Ce3+-Doped Lu3Al5O12 Phosphors -- The Behavior of Oxygen and Defects in Si-Based Semiconductor Studied by Positron Annihilation Techniques -- Study of Compensation Defects and Electron Irradiation-Induced Defects in Undoped SI-InP by Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Characterizing Native Point Defects in ZnO Bulk by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy -- Defects in Electron Irradiation Te-Doped GaSb Studied by Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Defect Study of As-Grown Single Crystal ZnO by Positron -- The Calculation of Positron Lifetime in Ni3Al Alloy -- Defects in Carbon Allotropes Studied by Positron Annihilation -- Positron Annihilation on the Surfaces of Single Crystals of Si, SiO2, Graphite and Cu. , Section 4. Porous Materials and Nanostructures -- Some Problems of the Free Volume Studies in Porous Polymers Using Positron Annihilation and Auxiliary Techniques -- Spontaneous Emission of Positronium Negative Ions from Tungsten (100) Surface -- Temperature and Pressure Measurements of PALS Spectra in Photonic Glasses -- Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy on Controlled Pore Glass Porosimetry and Pore Size Distribution -- Monitoring the Crystallization Stages of Silicalite by Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Free Volumes in Polymer Nanocomposites -- n-Nonadecane Embedded in Mesopores -- Investigation of Interfacial Interaction and Microstructure for Epoxy/CNTs Nanocomposites by PALS -- Positron Study of Carbon Black Parameters: Structure and Surface Area -- Open-Nano Pores in Natural Minerals Studied by Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Study of the Defect Formation of Helium in Nanocrystalline Titanium Films -- Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures Growth in HFCVD System by Slow Positron Beam -- Positron Annihilation in Carbon Nanotubes -- Formation of Ordered Pores Determined by Positronium Time of Flight Spectroscopy -- Influence of Sintering Temperature on Defects in Porous Silica Monoliths Studied by Positron Annihilation Techniques -- Porous Structure of Mesoporous Silica Studied by Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Temperature Dependence of Free Volume in Epoxy/Rectorite Nanocomposites by Positron Annihilation -- Section 5. Liquids and Bio-Application -- Influence of Temperature on Intratrack Processes and Ps Formation and Behaviour in Liquid Water -- Freezing of Nanodroplets: Phase Transition of Organic Liquids Confined in Nanopores Studied by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy -- Positron Method for Diagnostics of Carcinogens -- Hydrogen Bonded Supra Molecular Structure as Studied by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy. , Positronium Formation in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids -- Free Volume Seen by Positronium in Bulk and Confined Molecular Liquid -- Section 6. Advances in Experimental Methods -- Development of Positron Microbeam in AIST -- Development of the Positron Facility at the Argonne National Laboratory's 20 MeV Linac -- Interlaboratory Comparison of Positron Annihilation Lifetime Measurements -- Optimization of Positron Lifetime Spectrometer Using Monte-Carlo Simulation of the Detectors -- 4-Channel Digital Positron Lifetime Spectrometer for Studying Biological Samples -- Advanced Algorithms for PALS Analysis of Self-Assembled Amphiphiles -- A Novel Approach to the Interpretation of PAL Spectra in Glycerol -- Guiding of a Slow Positron Beam with a Glass Capillary -- Application of Positron Microprobe for Nuclear Materials -- Keywords Index -- Authors Index.

Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contributors -- Preface -- Section I: Genomics of Hybrids -- Chapter 1: Yeast Hybrids and Polyploids as Models in Evolutionary Studies -- Introduction -- Experimental Advantages of Budding Yeasts -- Yeast Hybrids -- Yeast Polyploids -- Paleopolyploidy and Duplicated Genes Retention -- Ploidy and Evolution-Theory and Experiments -- Genomic Response to Polyploidy and Hybridity -- Yeast Hybrids as a Tool for Studying Genomic Regulation -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2: Transcriptome Profiling of Drosophila Interspecific Hybrids: Insights into Mechanisms of Regulatory Divergence and Hybrid Dysfunction -- Introduction -- Gene Expression -- Drosophila Hybrids as a Model to Study Transcriptome Divergence -- Outlook -- References -- Chapter 3: cis- and trans-Regulation in Drosophila Interspecific Hybrids -- Introduction -- Distinguishing between cis- and trans-Regulatory Changes Using eQTL, GWAS, and ASE -- Methods Used to Quantify ASE -- Studies of cis- and trans-Regulation in Interspecific Hybrids of Drosophila -- Insights into Regulatory Evolution -- cis- and trans-Regulatory Evolution in Drosophila: A Look Ahead -- References -- Chapter 4: Gene Expression and Heterosis in Maize Hybrids -- Introduction -- Gene Expression in Maize Hybrids-Transcript Abundance Relative to Inbred Parents -- Allele-Specific Gene Regulation in the Maize Hybrid -- Modes of Gene Regulation in the Hybrid -- Genetic and Structural Diversities That Contribute to Regulatory Variation -- Understanding Heterosis-Various Models -- Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5: Integrating "Omics" Data and Expression QTL to Understand Maize Heterosis -- Introduction -- Experimental Design and eQTL Analysis -- eQTL and the Mechanisms Underlying Gene Regulation. , Building Networks and Integrating "omics" to Understand How Variants, in Particular eQTL, Can Result in Phenotypic Variation -- Conclusion and Future Prospects -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6: Genomics and Heterosis in Hexaploid Wheat -- Introduction -- Genetic Dissection of Wheat Heterosis -- Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis between Wheat Hybrids and Parents -- Some Differentially Expressed Patterns are Correlated with Wheat Heterosis -- Function Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes between Wheat Hybrids and Their Parental Lines -- Possible Regulatory Mechanism Contributing to Differential Gene Expression in Wheat -- Physiological Basis of Heterosis for Grain Yield in Wheat -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7: Progress of Genomics and Heterosis Studies in Hybrid Rice -- Introduction -- Progress in the Study of Rice Genomics -- Heterosis and Transcriptomics in Hybrid Rice -- Epigenetic Modification and Heterosis in Hybrid Rice -- Molecular Mechanism behind Heterosis -- Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8: Heterosis: The Case for Single-Gene Overdominance -- Introduction -- Understanding Hybridization: Natural Phenomenon to Genetic Mystery -- Hybrid Vigor versus Heterosis -- Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis in Breeding -- Hypotheses on the Genetic Basis of Heterosis -- Overdominance and Quantitative Genetics -- Cases for Single-Gene Overdominance -- Dosage: An Evolving Heterosis Model -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section II: Genomics of Polyploids -- Chapter 9: Genomics and Transcriptomics of Photosynthesis in Polyploids -- Introduction -- Polyploidy and Photosynthesis -- Evolutionary Trajectories of Duplicated Photosynthetic Genes -- Transcriptomic Responses to Allopolyploidy in Relation to Photosynthesis -- Polyploidy and Photoprotection. , Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10: Chromosomal and Gene Expression Changes in Brassica Allopolyploids -- Introduction -- Recurrent Polyploidy in the Brassicaceae and the Brassiceae -- Chromosomal Changes in Natural and Synthetic Brassica Polyploids -- Gene Expression Changes -- Impact on the Phenotype -- Conclusion and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11: Dynamics of Duplicated Gene Expression in Polyploid Cotton -- Origin of Polyploid Gossypium -- Homoeologous Gene Expression -- Developmental and Environmental Effects on Homoeologous Gene Expression -- Global Genome Biases in Homoeologous Gene Expression -- Temporal Dynamics of Duplicate Gene Expression Evolution -- Proteomic Studies -- Why Is Gene Expression Altered in Cotton Allopolyploids and Hybrids? -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12: Reprogramming of Gene Expression in the Genetically Stable Bread Allohexaploid Wheat -- Importance of Polyploidy and the Wheat Polyploid Model -- Structural Changes That Follow Wheat Allopolyploid Formation -- Transposable Element Modifications -- Reprogramming of Gene Expression in Allohexaploid Wheat -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 13: Nucleocytoplasmic Interaction Hypothesis of Genome Evolution and Speciation in Polyploid Plants Revisited: Polyploid Species-Specific Chromosomal Polymorphisms in Wheat -- Introduction -- Nucleocytoplasmic Interaction Hypothesis of Genome Evolution and Speciation -- Evidence for Adverse Nucleocytoplasmic Interactions and a Bottleneck Chromosomal Change, Restoring Fertility and Cytoplasmic-Nuclear Compatibility in an Alloplasmic Wheat-Elymus Hybrid -- Chromosomal Polymorphisms during Wheat Speciation by Polyploidy, Adaptive Radiation, and Domestication-Driven Evolution -- Future Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References. , Section III: Mechanisms for Novelty in Hybrids and Polyploids -- Chapter 14: Genes Causing Postzygotic Hybrid Incompatibility in Plants: A Window into Co-Evolution -- Introduction -- Genes Causing Intrinsic Postzygotic Incompatibility in Plants -- Functional and Evolutionary Insights -- References -- Chapter 15: Meiosis in Polyploids -- Introduction: General Meiotic Process -- Premeiotic Chromosome Organization -- Chromosome Sorting for Pairing -- Distribution of Recombination: Factors Affecting Its Distribution -- Sites of Recombination -- Barriers to Recombination -- Chromosome Pairing Loci in Polyploids -- Meiotic Observations Connected with the Ph1 Locus -- Ph1 Locus at a Molecular Level -- A Model for Ph1 Action -- Exploitation of Chromosome Pairing Loci -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 16: Genomic Imprinting: Parental Control of Gene Expression in Higher Plants -- Introduction: Genomic Imprinting in F1 Seeds -- Evidence for Imprinting of MEGs and PEGs -- iMEGs and iPEGs with Imprinted Mutant Phenotypes and/or Segregation Patterns -- Uniparental Expression of MEGs Caused by Maternal Seed Coat Expression -- MEGs or PEGs in F1 Seed due to Deposition of Long-Lived mRNAs from the Gametes -- Confirmation of Imprinting through Disruption of an Epigenetic Modifier or Altered Ploidy Level -- Use of Imprinting Control Region: Reporter Fusion Constructs -- Allele-Specific Imprinting in Plants -- Is Genomic Imprinting Restricted to Seed Endosperm in Plants? -- Theories for the Evolution of Genomic Imprinting in Plants -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 17: Seed Development in Interploidy Hybrids -- Introduction -- Polyploidy: Causes and Consequences -- Hybridization in Plants -- Maternal Control of Endosperm Cellularization -- References -- Chapter 18: Chromatin and Small RNA Regulation of Nucleolar Dominance. , Ribosomal RNA Loci Organization and Transcriptional Regulation -- How Epigenetic Modifications Impact Nucleolar Dominance -- Regulation of Nucleolar Dominance by Small RNAs -- Road Ahead for Nucleolar Dominance Research: Building Up Parallels in rRNA Gene Regulation between Plants and Mammals -- References -- Chapter 19: Genetic Rules of Heterosis in Plants -- Introduction -- A Unifying Mechanism -- Gene Expression Studies in Hybrids-What Do They Mean? -- Mechanistic Propositions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 20: Chromatin and Gene Expression Mechanisms in Hybrids -- Introduction -- Chromatin States and Gene Expression in Plants -- Natural Variation of Chromatin States in Plants -- Chromatin and Transcriptional Variation in Hybrids -- Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 21: Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms for Polyploidy and Hybridity -- Introduction -- Genome Shock: A Consequence of Genetic and Epigenetic Changes in Allopolyploids -- Genetic and Nonadditive Gene Expression Models for Heterosis in Allopolyploids and Hybrids -- A Molecular Clock Model on Heterosis in Hybrids and Allopolyploids -- cis-Regulation and trans-Regulation of Gene Expression in Related Species and Allopolyploids -- Gene Expression Changes and Morphological Evolution in Allopolyploids -- Posttranscriptional Regulation in Allopolyploids -- Translational Regulation in Allopolyploids -- Roles for Small RNAs and Transposons in Hybrid Vigor and Hybrid Incompatibility -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index -- Food Science and Technology.