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  • 1
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    Plant-wax and phytolith data from Waterfall Bluff rock shelter (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-06
    Description: Waterfall Bluff, in Eastern Mpondoland (Eastern Cape Province, South Africa), is a recently excavated archaeological site with deposits spanning Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 to the Middle Holocene. Here, we present preliminary results of a multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental study combining macro-botanical remains, charcoal, phytoliths, pollen and plant waxes derived from the same archaeological record. We aim to understand the interactions between hunter-gatherer plant foraging and climate and environmental change in coastal Mpondoland from MIS 3 to the Early Holocene at Waterfall Bluff. The charcoal and pollen records at Waterfall Bluff show the gathering of a variety of woody taxa characterised by their combustion and medicinal properties (e.g., Millettia grandis and Apodytes dimidiate). The leaves identified in the macrobotanics and in the phytolith record might belong to some of these taxa and it is likely that they were used for medicinal purposes. From a palaeoenvironmental perspective, our results indicate low precipitation and low rainfall seasonality under cool conditions during MIS 3 and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Under these conditions, open woodlands interspersed with dry and hygrophilous grasslands and bushveld vegetation with significant representation of fynbos elements occurred in the local landscapes probably along Podocarpus/Afrocarpus forests. The latter could have been (1) present along river valleys and scarps on the Mpondoland exposed continental shelf towards the south and west of Waterfall Bluff, supported by palaeorivers and cool temperatures favouring low evapotranspiration, or (2) present in the interior with pollen grains possibly transported to the site by intensified westerly winds. These forests contracted as a result of the post-glacial marine transgression or reduced westerlies following the LGM. During the Early Holocene, the palaeoenvironmental signal points to higher summer rainfall and higher seasonality than during MIS 3, the LGM and the LGIT. These changes are coeval with an increase of coastal forests and C4 mesic grasslands with localized wetland vegetation around Waterfall Bluff. These multi-proxy archaeobotanical and biochemical data show that landscapes surrounding Waterfall Bluff changed in relation to marine transgressions/regressions and changes in rainfall intensity and seasonality. The people of Waterfall Bluff foraged the coasts during glacial periods to collect wood.
    Keywords: isotopes; phytoliths; plant waxes; South Africa; Waterfall Bluff
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Palynology of marine sediment core SBQW4, Saldanha Bay (South Africa), early Miocene (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Neumann, Frank Harald; Roberts, David; Cawthra, Hayley C; Carr, Andrew S; Scott, Louis; Durugbo, Ernest; Humphries, Marc; Cowling, Richard; Bamford, Marion; Musekiwa, Chiedza; Machutchon, Michael (2017): Palaeoenvironments during a terminal Oligocene or early Miocene transgression in a fluvial system at the southwestern tip of Africa. Global and Planetary Change, 150, 1-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.01.007
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-16
    Description: A multi-proxy study of an offshore core in Saldanha Bay (South Africa) provides new insights into fluvial deposition, ecosystems, phytogeography and sea-level history during the late Paleogene-early Neogene. Offshore seismic data reveal bedrock topography, and provide evidence of relative sea levels as low as -100 m during the Oligocene. 3D landscape reconstruction reveals hills, plains and an anastomosing river system. A Chattian or early Miocene age for the sediments is inferred from dinoflagellate taxa Distatodinium craterum, Chiropteridium lobospinosum, Homotryblium plectilum and Impagidinium paradoxum. The subtropical forest revealed by palynology includes lianas and vines, evergreen trees, palms and ferns, implying higher water availability than today, probably reduced seasonal drought and stronger summer rainfall. From topography, sedimentology and palynology we reconstruct Podocarpaceaedominated forests, Proto-Fynbos, and swamp/riparian forests with palms and other angiosperms. Rhizophoraceae present the first South African evidence of Palaeogene/Neogene mangroves. Subtropical woodland-thicket with Combretaceae and Brachystegia (Peregrinipollis nigericus) probably developed on coastal plains. Some of the last remaining Gondwana elements on the sub-continent, e.g., Araucariaceae, are recorded. Charred particles signal fires prior to the onset of summer dry climate at the Cape. Marine and terrestrial palynomorphs, together with organic and inorganic geochemical proxy data, suggest a gradual glacio-eustatic transgression. The data shed light on Southern Hemisphere biogeography and regional climatic conditions at the Palaeogene-Neogene transition. The proliferation of the vegetation is partly ascribed to changes in South Atlantic oceanographic circulation, linked to the closure of the Central American Seaway and the onset of the Benguela Current ~14 Ma.
    Keywords: Achomosphaera ramulifera; Achomosphaera sp.; Aizoaceae; Anacardiaceae; Araliaceoipollenites reticuloides; Araucariacites; Araucariacites australis; Arecipites cf. otagoensis; Arecipites plectilimuratus; Arecipites spp.; Artemisiaepollenites; Baculatisporites; Baumannipollis variaperturatus; Bequaertiodendron; Blaeria-type; Botryococcus; Brachylaena-type; Brachysporisporites; Bruguieria-type; Caesalpiniaceae; Camarazonosporites; Camarazonosporites bankiensis; Canthiumidites spp.; Caprifoliipites viburnoides; Celastraceae; Celtipollenites sp.; cf. Aceripollenites; cf. Byttneripollis; cf. Dacrydiumites; cf. Dichrostachys-type; cf. Dicolpopollis spp.; cf. Fraxinipollis; cf. Quercoidites henrici; cf. Slovakipollis; cf. Styraxipollis stuchliki; cf. Triporotetradites sp.; cf. Verrucatiporites rotundiporus; Charcoal; Chenopodiaceae; Chiropteridium lobospinosum; Chiropteridium sp.; Christensenia-type; Clavatipollenites spp.; Combretaceae; Commiphora-type; Cooksonidium capricornium; Cordosphaeridium minimum; Core; CORE; Corrugatisporites sp.; Crotonipollis spp.; Cryptogrammasporis spp.; Cupaniedites indeterminable; Cupaniedites major; Cupressaceae/Taxodiaceae; Cupuliferoipollenites oviformis; Cyathidites australis; Cymatiosphaera; Cyperaceae; Cyperaceaepollis piriformis; Debarya; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dinoflagellate indeterminata; Dinoflagellates, total; Diospyropollenites sp.; Distatodinium craterum; Equisetum sp.; Ericipites callidus; Ericipites spp.; Euphorbiaceae; Fabaceae; Foraminifera, linings; Fungal fruit-bodies; Fungal germling; Fungal spores; Fungi; Galium-type; Geraniaceae; Glaphyrocysta sp.; Gleicheniidites; Gleicheniidites spp.; Glencopollis ornatus; Graminidites cf. crassiglobosus; Graminidites cf. neogenicus; Graminidites spp.; Grewia-type; Grootipollis sp.; Hafniasphaera septata; Homotryblium plectilum; Hygrophila-type; Hypha; Hystrichokolpoma rigaudiae; Ilexpollenites margaritatus; Ilexpollenites spp.; Illexpollenites illiacus; Impagidinium paradoxum; Involutisporis; Laevigatosporites haardtii; Leiotriletes maximus; Leiotriletes maxoides; Leiotriletes wolffii; Liliacidites; Liliacidites minutes; Liliacidites spp.; Ludwigia-type; Lycopodiella inundata; Malvaceae; Manilkara-type; Meliaceoidites sp.; Microcachrydites antarcticus; Microfoveolatisporis fromensis; Microsclerotium; Mohria-type; Momipites sp.; Monocolpopollenites; Monocolpopollenites spp.; Mutisiae; Mutisiapollis viteauensis; Myricipites harrisii; Myricipites spp.; Myrtaceidites parvus; Neuradaceae; Oleoidearumpollenites spp.; Operculodinum centrocarpus; Ovoidites sp.; Palmae-trichotomosulcate; Parthenopollenites formosus; Parthenopollenites marcodurensis; Parthenopollenites neshobensis; Peregrinipollis nigericus; Phoenix-type; Podocarpidites; Podocarpidites kamiesberg; Podocarpidites spp.; Podocarpidites torquatus; Pollen, land, total; Polygala-type; Polypodiaceoisporites sp.; Potamogeton-type; Prasinophytes; Propylipollis meyeri; Propylipollis sp.; Proteacidites; Proteacidites bakkeri granulatus; Proteacidites spp.; Pseudoschizaea sp.; Pseudowinterapollis couperi; Psilatricolporites cf. atalangensis; Psilatricolporites crassiexinus; Psilatricolporites operculatus; Psilatricolporites quenua; Pterocelastrus-type; Pterospermella spp.; Quercoidites spp.; Quercopollenites cf. asper; Quercopollenites cf. granulatus; Restionaceae; Reticulatosphaera cf. actinocoronata; Retitriletes spp.; Rhamnaceaepollenites sp.; Rhizophoraceae; Rhoipites alveolatus; Rhoipites arnotiensis; Rhoipites couperi; Rhoipites spp.; Rhuspollenites sp.; Rhynchosia-type; Rosaceae; Rubiaceae; Rugulasporites spp.; Saldanha Bay, South Africa; Santalaceae; Sapotaceoidaepollenites spp.; SBQW4; Scrophulariaceae; Sigmopollis sp.; Simpsonipollis grandis; Solanum-type; Sparganiaceaepollenites barungensis; Spiniferites mirabilis; Spiniferites pseudofurcatus; Spiniferites ramosus; Spiniferites spp.; Spinitricolpites jennerclarkei; Spinitricolpites spp.; Spirostachys-type; Spores, monolete; Spores, trilete; Stereoisporites sp.; Sum; Sum algae; sum aquatics and water plants; Sum charcoal; sum Cryptogams; sum Fungi; sum herbs and shrublets; sum trees and shrubs; Tetracolporopollenites sapotoides; Tetraploea; Thymelipollis sp.; Todisporites spp.; Tricolpites; Tricolpites gillii; Tricolporopollenites; Tricolporopollenites brinkiae; Tricolporopollenites coetzeeae; Tricolporopollenites eofagoides; Tricolporopollenites marginatus; Triorites operculatus; Triporopollenites namaquensis; Tubulifloridites anthemidearum; Tubulifloridites antipodica; Tubulifloridites gigans; Tubulifloridites macroechinatus; Tubulifloridites spp.; Umbeliferoipollenites spp.; Unknown pollen and spores; Urticales; Varia; Verrucatisporites alienus; Verrucatisporites favus; Verrucatisporites spp.; Vitaceae; Zonalapollenites spp.; Zonalopollenites cf. gracilis; Zonalopollenites perisaccate; Zonocostites ramonae; Zygnemataceae
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5302 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Concentrations of long-chain n-alkanes, CPI values and compound-specific stable hydrogen and carbon isotope compositions of major n-alkanes (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-14
    Keywords: 273; 276; 279; 284; 287; 290; 291; 296; 299; 302; 303; Aggregates; Carbon Preference Index, n-Alkanes (C25-C33); Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Elevation of event; Event label; Formation; isotopes; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MARUM; n-Alkane C23; n-Alkane C24; n-Alkane C25; n-Alkane C26; n-Alkane C27; n-Alkane C28; n-Alkane C29; n-Alkane C29, δ13C; n-Alkane C29, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C29, δD; n-Alkane C29, δD, standard deviation; n-Alkane C30; n-Alkane C31; n-Alkane C31, δ13C; n-Alkane C31, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C31, δD; n-Alkane C31, δD, standard deviation; n-Alkane C32; n-Alkane C33; n-Alkane C33, δ13C; n-Alkane C33, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C33, δD; n-Alkane C33, δD, standard deviation; n-Alkane C34; n-Alkane C35; phytoliths; plant waxes; South Africa; Sum odd numbered n-alkanes C25-C33; Waterfall Bluff; Waterfall Bluff, Eastern Cape, South Africa; WB_273; WB_276; WB_279; WB_284; WB_287; WB_290; WB_291; WB_296; WB_299; WB_302; WB_303
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 319 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Phytolith morphotypes and their frequencies identified in the Waterfall Bluff profile (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-06
    Keywords: 272; 275; 278; 283; 286; 289; 293; 295; 298; 301; 305; Aggregates; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Elevation of event; Event label; Grasses; isotopes; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MARUM; Phytolith descriptions; phytoliths; plant waxes; South Africa; Waterfall Bluff; Waterfall Bluff, Eastern Cape, South Africa; WB_272; WB_275; WB_278; WB_283; WB_286; WB_289; WB_293; WB_295; WB_298; WB_301; WB_305
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 684 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    (Table 2) n-Alkane isotopic composition and distribution descriptive parameters averaged (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; ECT-1-2; ECT-1-3; ECT-2-1; ECT-3-1a; ECT-3-1b; ECT-5-1; ECT-5-2; ECT-6-1; ECT-6-2; ECT-7-2; ECT-8-1; Event label; Gourits River; MARUM; n-Alkane, C31/(C29+C31) ratio; n-Alkane C31, δ13C; n-Alkane C31, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C31, δD; n-Alkane C31, δD, standard deviation; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations; Sample material
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 66 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    (Table 1) AMS radiocarbon analyses of bulk TOC and carbonate material from sediment core GeoB18308-1 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, comment; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard deviation; Analytical method; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GeoB18308-1; Laboratory code/label; M102; MARUM; Meteor (1986); RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations; VC; Vibro corer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 109 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    (Table 3) Geochemical downcore analyses of sediment core GeoB18308-1 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Keywords: Branched and isoprenoid tetraether index; Calculated; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GeoB18308-1; M102; MARUM; Meteor (1986); n-Alkane, C31/(C29+C31) ratio; n-Alkane C31, δ13C; n-Alkane C31, δ13C, standard deviation; n-Alkane C31, δD; n-Alkane C31, δD, standard deviation; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations; Sea surface temperature; SST, from TEX86H (Kim et al., 2010); Tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms, high-temperature region; VC; Vibro corer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 211 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    (Table 4) Mineralogical composition of heavy minerals in silt and sand fraction (15-500 µm) of marine sediments from sediment core GeoB18308-1 and Gouritz River catchment (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Keywords: Amphibole; Apatite; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Chloritoid; Clinopyroxene; DEPTH, sediment/rock; ECT-2-1; Epidote; Event label; Garnet; GeoB18308-1; Gourits River; Heavy minerals; Heavy minerals, opaque; Location; M102; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Orthopyroxene; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations; Rutile; Sillimanite; Titanite; Total; Tourmaline; VC; Vibro corer; Zircon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 66 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Multibeam bathymetry raw data (Kongsberg EM 122 entire dataset) of RV METEOR during cruise M123 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Multibeam bathymetry raw data using the ship's own Kongsberg EM 122 multibeam echosounder was almost continuously recorded during RV METEOR cruise M123. Data was recorded on 22 days between 2016-02-05 and 2016-02-26. This dataset mostly contains an elongated transit survey parallel to the South African coastline and a survey of the coastal area of Mozambique. The approximate average depth of the entire dataset is around 1200m. During data acquisition the Kongsberg EM 712 multibeam echosounder was occasionally switch on simultaneously, thus interference between both systems may have occurred during the survey. The data are archived at the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany (Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie, BSH) and provided to PANGAEA database for data curation and publication. The complete record of ancillary sound velocity profiles (SVP) from the cruise archived at the BSH are added to this dataset. These individual SVPs files however could not be clearly related to any event (ship's log entry), therefore position and datetime of SVP data acquisition is rather uncertain. Data analysis of the raw multibeam data revealed that SVP occasionally has been changed during the cruise. This publication is conducted within the efforts of the German Marine Research Alliance in the core area "Data management and Digitalization" (Deutsche Allianz Meeresforschung, DAM). Data are unprocessed and therefore may contain incorrect depth measurements (artifacts) without further processing. Data can be processed e.g. with the open source software package MB-System (Caress, D. W., and D. N. Chayes, MB-System: Mapping the Seafloor, http://www.mbari.org/products/research-software/mb-system/, 2021).
    Keywords: Bathymetry; Binary Object; Binary Object (MD5 Hash); Binary Object (Media Type); Comment; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; Data file recording distance; Data file recording duration; DATE/TIME; ELEVATION; Event label; File content; Kongsberg datagram raw file name; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M123; M123_0_Underway-1; Meteor (1986); Multibeam Echosounder; Number of pings; Ship speed; Start of data file, depth; Start of data file, heading; Start of data file recording, date/time; Start of data file recording, latitude; Start of data file recording, longitude; Stop of data file, depth; Stop of data file, heading; Stop of data file recording, date/time; Stop of data file recording, latitude; Stop of data file recording, longitude; Swath-mapping system Simrad EM122 (Kongsberg Maritime AS)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9409 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Multibeam bathymetry raw data (Kongsberg EM710 entire dataset) of RV METEOR during cruise M123 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Multibeam bathymetry raw data using the ship's own Kongsberg EM 710 multibeam echosounder was almost continuously recorded during RV METEOR cruise M123. Data was recorded on 21 days between 2016-02-05 and 2016-02-25. This dataset mostly contains an elongated transit survey parallel to the South African coastline and a survey of the coastal area of Mozambique. The approximate average depth of the entire dataset is around 500m. During data acquisition the Kongsberg EM 122 multibeam echosounder was occasionally switch on simultaneously, thus interference between both systems may have occurred during the survey. The data are archived at the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany (Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie, BSH) and provided to PANGAEA database for data curation and publication. The complete record of ancillary sound velocity profiles (SVP) from the cruise archived at the BSH are added to this dataset. These individual SVPs files however could not be clearly related to any event (ship's log entry), therefore position and datetime of SVP data acquisition is rather uncertain. Data analysis of the raw multibeam data revealed that SVP occasionally has been changed during the cruise. This publication is conducted within the efforts of the German Marine Research Alliance in the core area "Data management and Digitalization" (Deutsche Allianz Meeresforschung, DAM). Data are unprocessed and therefore may contain incorrect depth measurements (artifacts) without further processing. Data can be processed e.g. with the open source software package MB-System (Caress, D. W., and D. N. Chayes, MB-System: Mapping the Seafloor, http://www.mbari.org/products/research-software/mb-system/, 2021).
    Keywords: Bathymetry; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); Binary Object (Media Type); DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; Data file recording distance; Data file recording duration; DATE/TIME; ELEVATION; Event label; File content; Kongsberg datagram raw file name; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; M123_0_Underway-2; Multibeam Echosounder; Number of pings; Ship speed; Start of data file, depth; Start of data file, heading; Start of data file recording, date/time; Start of data file recording, latitude; Start of data file recording, longitude; Stop of data file, depth; Stop of data file, heading; Stop of data file recording, date/time; Stop of data file recording, latitude; Stop of data file recording, longitude; Swath-mapping system Simrad EM710 (Kongsberg Maritime AS)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 13111 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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