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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural studies of primary spore formation and discharge in the genus Entomophthora
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 48 (1986), S. 318-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2011
    Keywords: Entomophthora ; Entomophthorales ; insect pathology ; spore ; sporogenesis ; ultrastructure
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(86)90060-1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of Ichthyophonus hoferi assessed by light and scanning electron microscopy (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The morphology of Ichthyophonus hoferi in vitro at pH 3.5 and 7.0 is described using light and scanning electron microscopy. Only vegetative growth was observed. At pH 3.5, hyphal growth was seen. The hyphae of I. hoferi are characterized by evacuated hyphal walls with the cytoplasm migrating to the apex and no septation. In contrast, the growth at pH 7.0 is mainly seen as spherical bodies which vary in size and are uni- to multinucleate. Amoeboid bodies showing slow movements were observed within 3–6 h of transfer to pH 7.0. We propose a life-cycle involving the germination of thick-walled multinucleate spores in the fish stomach as a response to the low pH. The hyphae then penetrate the digestive tract and rupture when they reach a blood vessel (neutral pH), whereby uni- and binucleate bodies and/or amoeboid bodies are released. The small cells are transported in the blood vessels and spread in the organs richly supplied with blood (heart, kidney, spleen, liver and muscle tissue) where they grow to form multinucleate spores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1995.tb00361.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of formalin treatment on epithelial structure and mucous cell densities in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), skin (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Formalin bath treatments of rainbow trout are widely used for control of ectoparasitic infections in fish farms and the effects of this chemical on parasite infections have been studied. In addition, tolerance of the host to various concentrations of formalin are also known. However, effects of formaldehyde on the skin epithelium integrity and mucous cell density still need elucidation. The present study revealed that exposure of rainbow trout fry 2 months post-hatching to various concentrations of formalin affected the mucous cell dynamics of the fish. Limited exposure (50 ppm, 1 h) stimulated mucous cell proliferation as indicated by the slight increase in densities of Alcian blue positive cells in tail fin epidermis. In contrast, high concentrations (200–300 ppm, 1 h) or lengthy exposure (24 h) at lower concentrations caused a decrease in mucous cell density. Scanning electron microscopy revealed effects on the epithelial structure of fish fins. Blebbing of epithelial cell membranes was the first sign of injury. The dilated openings of mucous cells indicated increased release of mucus. Highly irregular organization of the cells followed, with regional differences occurring in different parts of fins. The implications of formalin bathing for susceptibility or resistance of fish to subsequent pathogen exposure are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2003.00519.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolationin vitro ofStrongwellsea castrans [Fungi: Entomophthorales] a pathogen of adult cabbage root flies,Delia radicum [Dipt.: Anthomyiidae] (1992)
    Springer
    BioControl 37 (1992), S. 65-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Strongwellsea castrans ; Delia radicum ; Entomophthorales ; entomogenous fungus ; in vitro culture ; enzyme profile ; Strongwellsea castrans ; Delia radicum ; Entomophthorales ; culturein vitro ; champignon entomopathogène ; profil d'enzyme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le champignon entomopathogèneStrongwellsea castrans a été isolé pour la première foisin vitro en incubant des conidies projetées de cadavres de mouches du chou (Delia radicum) dans un milieu liquide simple et semi-défini contenant du dextrose, de l'extrait de levure et de l'hydrolysat de lactalbumine tamponné à pH 7. Le champignon s'y est développé sous forme d'hyphes longues et unituniquées. Après transfert sur milieu solide, des corps hyphaux multinucléés sont apparus et ont développé une paroi plus épaisse et laminée. On n'observera aucune conidie ni spore de résistance, que ce soit en milieu liquide ou sur milieu solide, et le champignon ne survécut aux repiquages qu'en milieu liquide. En utilisant le système API-ZYM, des tests sur des extraits d'hyphes deS. castrans se sont avérés positifs pour 11 enzymes mais aucune différence nette n'a été observée en ce qui concerne les profils d'enzymes entreS. castrans et des champignons du genreErynia.
    Notes: Abstract The entomogenous fungusStrongwellsea castrans was isolatedin vitro for the first time, by incubating conidia projected from infected cabbage root flies (Delia radicum) in a simple, semi-defined liquid medium comprising dextrose, yeast extract and lactalbumin hydrolysate buffered to pH 7. The fungus grew as long unitunicate hyphae. After transfer to a solid nutrient medium, multinucleate hyphal bodies were formed which developed a thick, laminated wall. Neither conidia nor resting spores developed in liquid or on solid media and the fungus survived successive sub-culturing only in liquid media. Using the API-ZYM system, tests on extracts on hyphae ofS. castrans were positive for 11 enzymes but there were no consistent differences in enzyme profiles betweenS. castrans and fungi of the related genusErynia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372975
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The integumental ultrastructure of Lamippe rubra Bruzelius and Enalcyonium rubicundum Olsson (Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida) (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 539-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: integument ; ultrastructure ; Lamippe ; Enalcyonium ; Copepoda
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The integument of Lamippe rubra Bruzelius and of Enalcyonium rubicundum Olsson has been studied with the electron microscope. Most of the cuticle covering the body of Lamippe is represented by the epicuticle, which shows an average thickness of about 2.0 µm, but in sclerified zones it consists of a thin epicuticle (0.2 µm) and a stratified laminated procuticle (0.5–1.5 µm) without bow-shaped structure. A complex system of epithelial microvilli or a well-developed system of membranes running parallel to the cuticle is also present. The cuticle of Enalcyonium consists of a thin procuticle (0.4–0.5 µm) covered with a uniform fibrillar coat (0.5 µm), whereas in sclerotized areas it is composed of a stratified procuticle (0.7–3.5 µm) with bow-shaped structures. In both species, cuticular hairs and gland vents occur at the dorsal and ventral surfaces. Some of the hairs are considered to be sensory in nature. The cuticular ultrastructure of L. rubra and of E. rubicundum is compared with that of some other copepods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026349
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microenvironment of Gyrodactylus derjavini on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: association between mucous cell density in skin and site selection (1997)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 84 (1997), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Microhabitat selection of Gyrodactylus derjavini on the body surface of rainbow trout changed markedly during a 6-week experimental infection period. Pectoral fins, pelvic fins and anal fins were the most important sites (expressed in terms of parasite density) during the initial part of the infection. In the later stages of infection, the corneal surface and tail fin became increasingly more heavily infested. Factors responsible for this dynamic site selection were investigated. The density of superficial mucous cells in the epithelium of fins and skin was weakly correlated (r = 0.23) with parasite density in the first part of the infection. This association changed into a significant negative correlation (r = −0.92) as the infection progressed and the parasite population increased. These results strongly indicate that mucous cell contents play a decisive role in gyrodactylid site selection. Lysozyme, protease, immunoglobulin (Ig), complement factor C3, enzymes, lectin-binding carbohydrates and peptides adrenocorticotropic hormone, interleukin (IL-1) and somastatin) were detected in mucus and some of these (Ig, C3, IL-1, carbohydrates) are suggested to influence the infection dynamics. Thus, some molecules in mucus are liable first to attract the gyrodactylids, but subsequently reactive substances present in increasing amounts will counteract the performance of parasites in mucous-cell-rich microhabitats. The mechanisms involved in this process are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050350
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    Two new species of Herpyllobius Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 and a new record of Herpyllobius antarcticus Vanhöffen, 1913 (parasitic Copepoda) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica (2000)
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology, 23, pp. 265-271
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Thirteen species of the genus Herpyllobius Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 are known to date. In this paper two new species are described asHerpyllobius polarsterni, and H. stocki. A comparison with congeneric species is made. A new find of H. antarcticus is recorded, and thedescription of Vanhöffen is confirmed. Including the present record, 15 species of Herpyllobius are now known, of which 7 have been reportedfrom the southern hemisphere.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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