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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    reply Life, geology and snowball Earth (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 409 (2001), S. 306-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hyde et al. reply We are not convinced that the data discussed by Schrag and Hoffman can be interpreted in only one way. With respect to the duration of glaciation, calculations suggest that the open-water solution could have persisted up to CO2 levels of about ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35053172
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neoproterozoic ‘snowball Earth’ simulations with a coupled climate/ice-sheet model (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 425-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Ice sheets may have reached the Equator in the late Proterozoic era (600–800 Myr ago), according to geological and palaeomagnetic studies, possibly resulting in a ‘snowball Earth’. But this period was a critical time in the evolution of multicellular animals, posing the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35013005
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Snowline instability in a general circulation model: application to Carboniferous glaciation (1994)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 10 (1994), S. 363-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For over twenty years it has been known that energy balance models (EBMs) with snow-albedo feedback are characterized by unstable behavior in some areas of parameter space. This behavior leads to rapid changes in snow area due to small changes in forcing, and has been termed the small ice cap instability (SICI). It has never been clarified whether this behaviour reflects a real feature of the climate system or a limitation in EBMs. In this study we demonstrate that evidence for similar unstable behavior can also be found in an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM), using a realistic set of boundary conditions for the Carboniferous (300 Ma), one of the most extensive periods of glaciation in Earth history. When solar luminosity is sequentially lowered to near values appropriate for the Carboniferous, there is a discontinuous increase in summer snow area. The instability occurs in approximately the same area of parameter space as one previously found in an EBM. Analysis of selected fields indicates that the circulation is primarily affected in the area of snow increase; far-field effects are minimal. There is good agreement between model-generated summer snowcover and one reconstruction of Carboniferous ice cover. Although more work is required on this topic, our results provide increased support for the possibility that the snowline instability represents a real feature of the climate system, and that it may help explain some cases of glacial inception and abrupt transitions in Earth history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219476
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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