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  • 1
    Keywords: Aristotle.-Physics-Criticism and interpretation. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume presents the first critical edition of books I & II of the final redaction of John Buridan's Questions Commentary on Aristotle's Physics. The edition is accompanied by a detailed guide to the contents of Buridan's questions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (550 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789004262355
    Series Statement: Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy and Science Series ; v.25
    DDC: 530
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Contents -- Preface (Thijssen) -- Introduction (Thijssen) -- 1. John Buridan's Commentaries on Aristotle's Physics -- 2. Description of the Manuscripts and the Edition of 1509 -- 3. Manuscript Tradition and Editorial Method -- Guide to the Text (Sylla) -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Questions on Book I -- 3. The Questions on Book II -- Bibliography -- Primary Sources -- Secondary Literature -- Conspectus siglorum et compendiorum -- ⟨Prologus⟩ -- ⟨Tabula quaestionum primi libri Physicorum⟩ -- ⟨I.1⟩. ⟨Utrum scientia naturalis sit scientia de omnibus rebus⟩ -- ⟨I.2⟩. ⟨Utrum totalis scientiae naturalis debeat assignari subiectum unum proprium⟩ -- ⟨I.3⟩. ⟨Utrum ens mobile sit subiectum proprium totalis scientiae naturalis vel quid aliud⟩ -- ⟨I.4⟩. ⟨Utrum in omni scientia ex cognitione principiorum, causarum et elementorum contingat alia scire et intelligere, scilicet principiata, causata et elementata⟩ -- ⟨I.5⟩. ⟨Utrum ad perfecte sciendum aliquem effectum oporteat scire omnes causas eius⟩ -- ⟨I.6⟩. ⟨Utrum sint eadem notiora nobis et naturae⟩ -- ⟨I. ⟩. ⟨Utrum universalia sint nobis notiora singularibus⟩ -- ⟨I.8⟩. ⟨Utrum omnis res extensive et situaliter habens partem extra partem sit magnitudo⟩ -- ⟨I.9⟩. ⟨Utrum totum sit suae partes⟩ -- ⟨I.10⟩. ⟨Utrum Socrates sit hodie idem quod ipse fuit heri, posito quod hodie additum est sibi aliquid ex nutrimento et conversum in eius substantiam, vel posito quod hodie est aliqua pars ab eo remota, ut si sibi amputata est manus⟩ -- ⟨I.11⟩. ⟨Utrum infinitum secundum quod infinitum sit ignotum⟩ -- ⟨I.12⟩. ⟨Utrum omnia entia naturalia sint determinata ad maximum⟩ -- ⟨I.13⟩. ⟨Utrum entia naturalia determinata sint ad minimum⟩ -- ⟨I.14⟩. ⟨Utrum cuiuslibet transmutationis naturalis principia intrinseca sint contraria⟩ -- ⟨I.15⟩. ⟨Utrum necesse sit omne quod fit fieri ex subiecto praesupposito⟩. , ⟨I.16⟩. ⟨Utrum sint tria principia rerum naturalium, non plura nec pauciora⟩ -- ⟨I.17⟩. ⟨Utrum generatio substantialis sit forma substantialis vel materia vel compositum vel aliquod accidens eis additum⟩ -- ⟨I.18⟩. ⟨Utrum generare sit generans vel generatio vel quid aliud⟩ -- ⟨I.19⟩. ⟨Utrum illud quod in generatione substantiali generatur sit materia vel forma vel compositum⟩ -- ⟨I.20⟩. ⟨Utrum materia prima sit ens⟩ -- ⟨I.21⟩. ⟨Utrum forma, antequam generetur, habeat aliquod esse substantiale in materia distinctum ab ipsa materia⟩ -- ⟨I.22⟩. ⟨Utrum materia sit potentia ad formam generandam⟩ -- ⟨I.23⟩. ⟨Utrum privatio sit materia privata⟩ -- ⟨I.24⟩. ⟨Utrum materia appetat formam⟩ -- ⟨Tabula quaestionum secundi libri Physicorum⟩ -- ⟨II.1⟩. ⟨Utrum res artificiales sint distinctae a rebus naturalibus⟩ -- ⟨II.2⟩. ⟨Utrum ista differentia quam assignat Aristoteles inter naturalia et artificialia sit conveniens, scilicet quod naturalia inquantum naturalia habent in se ipsis principium sui motus et status, artificialia autem inquantum artificialia nullum habent impetum suae mutationis innatum⟩ -- ⟨II.3⟩. ⟨Utrum figura sit res distincta a re figurata⟩ -- ⟨II.4⟩. ⟨Utrum definitio naturae sit bona qua dicitur: 'natura est principium et causa movendi et quiescendi eius in quo est primum per se et non secundum accidens'⟩ -- ⟨II.5⟩. ⟨Utrum in istis substantiis materialibus formae substantiales sint principaliter activae suorum motuum et suarum operationum vel magis qualitativae dispositiones illarum substantiarum⟩ -- ⟨II.6⟩. ⟨Utrum naturalis differat a mathematico per hoc quod naturalis definit per motum et mathematicus sine motu⟩ -- ⟨II.7⟩. ⟨Utrum finis sit causa⟩ -- ⟨II.8⟩. ⟨Utrum pater sit causa filii⟩. , ⟨II.9⟩. ⟨Utrum definitio fortunae sit bona in qua dicitur: 'fortuna est causa per accidens secundum propositum extra semper et frequenter eorum quae propter hoc sunt'⟩ -- ⟨II.10⟩. ⟨Utrum casus et fortuna sint causae agentes⟩ -- ⟨II.11⟩. ⟨Utrum casus et fortuna reperiantur in contingentibus ad utrumlibet vel solum in contingentibus raro vel ut in paucioribus⟩ -- ⟨II.12⟩. ⟨Utrum natura producens monstrum intendat monstrum⟩ -- ⟨II.13⟩. ⟨Utrum in operationibus naturalibus necessitas proveniat ex fine vel ex materia⟩ -- Index locorum -- Index codicum manu scriptorum -- Index nominum.
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  • 2
    Keywords: Fluid dynamics. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (221 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789401135122
    Series Statement: Nonlinear Topics in the Mathematical Sciences Series ; v.2
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5067-5072 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ti and TiN layers implanted with 57Fe ions were studied by conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy at 295 and 80 K. In as-implanted Ti samples the local states of iron implants were assigned to α-Ti(Fe) and β-Ti(Fe). In TiN, about 68% of iron implants replace Ti atoms forming Fe2N and nonstoichiometric Fe–N complexes. The remaining Fe ions replace N atoms exhibiting α-Ti(Fe) and β-Ti(Fe) states. The protective properties of the TiN cover layer are discussed in terms of changes of the these states after subsequent annealing in air. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 36 (1998), S. 453-483 
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nonpathogenic rhizobacteria can induce a systemic resistance in plants that is phenotypically similar to pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Rhizobacteria-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) has been demonstrated against fungi, bacteria, and viruses in Arabidopsis, bean, carnation, cucumber, radish, tobacco, and tomato under conditions in which the inducing bacteria and the challenging pathogen remained spatially separated. Bacterial strains differ in their ability to induce resistance in different plant species, and plants show variation in the expression of ISR upon induction by specific bacterial strains. Bacterial determinants of ISR include lipopolysaccharides, siderophores, and salicylic acid (SA). Whereas some of the rhizobacteria induce resistance through the SA-dependent SAR pathway, others do not and require jasmonic acid and ethylene perception by the plant for ISR to develop. No consistent host plant alterations are associated with the induced state, but upon challenge inoculation, resistance responses are accelerated and enhanced. ISR is effective under field conditions and offers a natural mechanism for biological control of plant disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 25 (1987), S. 339-358 
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 102 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: If a sharp edge occurs in a reflector, the wavefield predicted by geometric ray theory shows shadow boundaries between illuminated zones and shadow zones. One may correct for these discontinuities in the wavefield by adding edge waves as introduced by Klem-Musatov. In this paper the edge wave is analysed as a solution of a parabolic differential equation that describes transverse diffusion between the illuminated zone and the shadow zone across the shadow boundary. Here, the edge wave is described constructively in terms of dynamic ray tracing, thereby indicating how it can be implemented in a ray tracing program when the latter is equipped with the facility of dynamic ray tracing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The proliferating skin cells in a case of acute disseminated histiocytosis-X (Abt-Letterer-Siwe disease) confirmed by electron microscopy, were characterized by a panel of monoclonal antibodies using an immunoperoxidase technique. The “histiocytes” were found to stain with OKT-6 (anti-T6) and anti-HLA-DR antibodies. Unexpectedly, slight staining was also observed with Leu 3a (anti-T4) and OKM-1. A proliferative process of T4, T6, HLA-DR, OKM-1 positive Langerhans' cells has not yet been described and may be specific for histiocytosis-X.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) to maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), and the maghemite to hematite (α-Fe2O3) transition temperatures have been monitored by TGA and DSC measurements for four initial γ-FeOOH samples with different particle sizes. The transition temperature of γ-FeOOH to γ-Fe2O3 and the size of the resulting particles were not affected by the particle size of the parent lepidocrocite. In contrast, the γ-Fe2O3 to γ-Fe2O3 transition temperature seems to depend on the amount of excess water molecules present in the parent lepidocrocite. Thirteen products obtained by heating for one hour at selected temperatures, were considered. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to qualify their composition and to determine their mean crystallite diameters. Transmission electron micrographs revealed the particle morphology. The Mössbauer spectra at 80 K and room temperature of the mixed and pure decomposition products generally had to be analyzed with a distribution of hyperfine fields and, where appropriate, with an additional quadrupole-splitting distribution. The Mössbauer spectra at variable temperature between 4.2 and 400 K of two single-phase γ-Fe2O3 samples with extremely small particles show the effect of superparamagnetism over a very broad temperature range. Only at the lowest temperatures (T⩽55 K), two distributed components were resolved from the magnetically split spectra. In the external-field spectra the ΔmI=0 transitions have not vanished. This effect is an intrinsic property of the maghemite particles, indicating a strong spin canting with respect to the applied-field direction. The spectra are successfully reproduced using a bidimensional-distribution approach in which both the canting angle and the magnetic hyperfine field vary within certain intervals. The observed distributions are ascribed to the defect structure of the maghemites (unordered vacancy distribution on B-sites, large surface-to-bulk ratio, presence of OH- groups). An important new finding is the correlation between the magnitude of the hyperfine field and the average canting angle for A-site ferric ions, whereas the B-site spins show a more uniform canting. The Mössbauer parameters of the two hematite samples with MCD104 values of respectively 61.0 and 26.5 nm display a temperature variation which is very similar to that of small-particle hematites obtained from thermal decomposition of goethite. However, for a given MCD the Morin transition temperature for the latter samples is about 30 K lower. This has tentatively been ascribed to the different mechanisms of formation, presumably resulting in slightly larger lattice parameters for the hematite particles formed from goethite, thus shifting the Morin transition to lower temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Synthetic aluminum-substituted maghemite samples, γ-(Al y Fe1-y )2O3 with y=0, 0.032, 0.058, 0.084, 0.106 and 0.151 have been studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy at 8 K and in the range 80 K to 475 K at steps of 25 K. The spectra have been analysed as a superposition of two sextets composed of asymmetrical Lorentzians. The A- and B-site isomer shifts were constrained as: δA=δB-0.12 mm/s. From the temperature dependence of δB it was possible to determine the characteristic Mössbauer temperature and the intrinsic shift. Both quantities clearly increase with increasing Al content, at least up to 10 mole%. The temperature dependence of the A-and B-sites hyperfine fields could be satisfactorily reproduced using the molecular-field theory assuming an antiparallel spin configuration. The exchange integrals were found as: J AB =-25 K; J AA =-18 K and J BB = -3 K. The hyperfine fields show a crossing in the vicinity of 300 K as a result of the relatively strong A-A interaction. The Curie temperature for the non-substituted sample was calculated to be 930 K and decreases to 765 K for the sample with 15 mol% Al. The gradual decrease of the saturation value of the A-site hyperfine field with increasing Al substitution and the constancy of this quantity for the B sites, suggest that the Al cations occupy the B sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 148 (1996), S. 583-589 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Anisotropy ; dynamic ray tracing ; interfaces ; ray-centred coordinates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A 4×4-propagator matrix formalism is presented for anisotropic dynamic ray tracing, including the propagation across curved interfaces. The computations are organised in the same way as in Červený's well-known isotropic propagator matrix formalism. Attention is paid to cases where double eigenvalues of the Christoffel matrix result in unstable expressions in the dynamic ray tracing system, but where geometrical spreading is well-behaved.
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