Note: Literaturangaben

Note: Bibliography: p. 179-186

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Megafloods -- High-energy megafloods: planetary settings and sedimentary dynamics -- V. R. BAKER -- Late Quaternary catastrophic flooding in the Altai Mountains of south-central Siberia: a synoptic overview and an introduction to flood deposit sedimentology -- P. A. CARLING, A. D. KIRKBRIDE, S. PARNACHOV, P. S. BORODAVKO and G. W.BERGER -- Great Holocene floods along Jökulsá á Fjöllum, north Iceland -- R. B. WAITT -- Glacial outwash floods -- November 1996 jökulhlaup on Skei arársandur outwash plain, Iceland -- Á. SNORRASON, P. JÓNSSON, O. SIGUR SSON, S. PÁLSSON, S. ÁRNASON, S. VÍKINGSSON and I. KALDAL -- The effects of glacier-outburst flood flow dynamics on ice-contact deposits: November 1996 jökulhlaup, Skei arársandur, Iceland -- A. J. RUSSELL and Ó. KNUDSEN -- Formation of ice-block obstacle marks during the November 1996 glacier-outburst flood (jökulhlaup), Skei arársandur, southern Iceland -- H. FAY -- A large-scale flood event in 1994 from the mid-Canterbury Plains, New Zealand, and implications for ancient fluvial deposits -- G. H. BROWNE -- Alluvial-fan floods -- Alluvial-fan sedimentation from a glacial-outburst flood, Lone Pine, California, and contrasts with meteorological flood deposits -- T. C. BLAIR -- Alluvial fans in the Italian Alps: sedimentary facies and processes -- A. MOSCARIELLO, L. MARCHI, F. MARAGA and G. MORTARA -- Analysis of terrestrial hyperconcentrated flows and their deposits -- M.BENVENUTI and I.P. MARTINI -- Catastrophic debris-flow deposits from an inferred landslide-dam failure, Eocene Berga Formation, eastern Pyrenees, Spain -- E. SAULA, E. EMILI MATO and C. PUIGDEFABREGAS -- Coarse-grained flood bars formed at the confluence of two subarctic rivers affected by hydroelectric dams, Ontario, Canada -- S.-J. MOSHER and I. P. MARTINI. , Comparison of the flood response of a braided and a meandering river, conditioned by anthropogenic and climatic changes -- G. GARZÓN and A. ALONSO -- Effects of land-use and precipitation changes on floodplain sedimentation in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (Geul River, The Netherlands) -- M.H. STAM -- Use of remote sensing in monitoring river floods and their effects on the landscape -- L. HALOUNOVÁ -- Special cases -- Sedimentary traces as indicator of temporary ice-marginal channels in the Westphalian Bight, Germany -- J. HERGET -- Outlet glaciers of the Pleistocene ( LGM) south Tibetan ice sheet between Cho Oyu and Shisha Pangma as potential sources of former megafloods -- M.KUHLE -- Index.

Note: Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Overview of megaflooding: Earth and Mars -- Summary -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Historical and philosophical overview -- 1.3 The Great Scablands Debate -- 1.4 Terrestrial megafloods -- 1.4.1 Cordilleran Ice Sheet: ice-dammed lakes -- 1.4.2 Laurentide Ice Sheet: ice-marginal lakes -- 1.4.3 Eurasia ice sheets: river diversions -- 1.4.4 Central Asian mountain areas: ice-dammed lakes -- 1.5 Martian megafloods -- 1.6 Global consequences -- 1.6.1 Earth -- 1.6.2 Mars 'oceans' -- 1.7 Modern controversies -- 1.7.1 Black Sea -- 1.7.2 Subglacial megafloods -- 1.8 Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 Channel-scale erosional bedforms in bedrock and in loose granular material: character, processes and implications -- Summary -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Historical perspective -- 2.3 Processes of bedrock erosion -- 2.4 A typology of channel-scale erosional bedforms in bedrock -- 2.4.1 Concave features -- 2.4.2 Convex features, undulating features and composite features -- 2.5 Example of a very large bedrock channel complex: Kasei Valles, Mars -- 2.5.1 Topography -- 2.5.2 Morphology -- 2.5.3 The time scale of outflow events in Kasei Valles -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 A review of open-channel megaflood depositional landforms on Earth and Mars -- Summary -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Geomorphological considerations -- 3.3 Theoretical background to sediment transport and deposition -- 3.4 Megaflood depositional landforms -- 3.4.1 Large-scale bars -- 3.4.2 Transverse ribs, hydraulic jumps and antidunes -- 3.4.3 Dunes -- 3.4.4 Longitudinal ridges -- 3.5 Discussion and conclusions -- References -- 4 Jökulhlaups in Iceland: sources, release and drainage -- Summary -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Subglacial lakes -- 4.2.1 Grímsvötn Lake -- 4.2.2 Lakes under ice cauldrons. , 4.3 Marginal lakes -- 4.4 Subglacial eruptions as a source of jökulhlaups -- 4.4.1 Jökulhlaups from caldera eruptions -- 4.4.2 Jökulhlaup from fissure swarm eruptions -- 4.5 Conclusions -- Notation -- References -- 5 Channeled Scabland morphology -- Summary -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Regional patterns -- 5.2.1 Anastomosis -- 5.2.2 Overfitness -- 5.2.3 Coulees and hanging valleys -- 5.2.4 Fan complexes -- 5.3 Macroscale erosional surface forms -- 5.3.1 Trenched-spur buttes -- 5.3.2 Streamlined hills and islands -- 5.4 Macroscale depositional surface forms -- 5.4.1 Longitudinal bars -- 5.4.2 Eddy bars -- 5.5 Mesoscale erosional surface forms -- 5.5.1 Sequence of erosional forms -- 5.5.2 Scour marks -- 5.6 Mesoscale depositional surface forms -- 5.6.1 Giant current ripples (dunes) -- 5.7 Palaeohydraulic implications -- 5.8 Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6 The morphology and sedimentology of landforms created by subglacial megafloods -- Summary -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 The megaflood controversy -- 6.2 Microforms -- 6.2.1 Transverse s-forms -- 6.2.2 Longitudinal s-forms -- 6.2.3 Non-directional s-forms -- 6.2.4 Flow characteristics related to s-forms -- 6.3 Mesoforms -- 6.3.1 Drumlins -- 6.3.2 Large-scale fluting -- 6.3.3 Hummocky terrain -- 6.3.4 Rogen moraine -- 6.3.5 Megaripples -- 6.3.6 Tunnel valleyschannels -- 6.3.7 Eskers -- 6.4 Macroforms -- 6.4.1 Streamlined hills -- 6.4.2 Bedrock rises -- 6.4.3 Re-entrant valleys -- 6.5 Megaforms -- 6.5.1 Landscape unconformities: regional erosion surfaces -- 6.5.2 Flowpaths -- 6.6 Subglacial hydrology -- 6.7 Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Proglacial megaflooding along the margins of the Laurentide Ice Sheet -- Summary -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Dams and triggers -- 7.3 Erosional processes and landforms -- 7.4 Depositional processes and landforms. , 7.5 Palaeohydrologic considerations -- 7.6 Anatomy of a glacial lake megaflood: the glacial Lake Regina outburst -- 7.7 Megafloods west of Lake Agassiz -- 7.8 Lake Agassiz and megaflood outflows -- 7.9 Southern megaflood drainage from the Great Lakes basins -- 7.10 Eastern megaflood drainage from the Great Lakes basins -- 7.11 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Floods from natural rock-material dams -- Summary -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Floods from breached valley blockages -- 8.2.1 Landslide dams -- 8.2.2 Volcanogenic dams -- 8.3 Floods from breached basins -- 8.3.1 Moraine basins -- 8.3.2 Tectonic basins -- 8.3.3 Volcanic basins -- 8.4 Flood magnitude and behaviour -- 8.4.1 Dam failure -- 8.4.2 Peak discharge -- 8.4.3 Downstream flood behaviour -- 8.5 Erosional and depositional features from natural dam failures -- 8.6 Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 9 Surface morphology and origin of outflow channels in the Valles Marineris region -- Summary -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Outflow channels that emerged from the chasmata or other large basins -- 9.2.1 Simud and Tiu Valles -- 9.2.2 Ares Vallis -- 9.2.3 Kasei Valles -- 9.2.4 Maja Valles -- 9.3 Outflow channels that emerged from discrete chaotic terrain or fault zones -- 9.3.1 Ravi Vallis -- 9.3.2 Shalbatana Vallis -- 9.3.3 Allegheny Vallis and Walla Walla Vallis -- 9.3.4 Elaver Vallis -- 9.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 10 Floods from fossae: a review of Amazonian-aged extensional-tectonic megaflood channels on Mars -- Summary -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Ages -- 10.2.1 Issues related to dating of Amazonian-aged channels -- 10.2.2 Channel ages -- 10.3 Morphology -- 10.3.1 Mangala Valles -- 10.3.2 Marte Vallis -- 10.3.3 Grjotá Valles -- 10.3.4 Athabasca Valles -- 10.4 Mechanisms triggering water release -- 10.4.1 Volcanic -- 10.4.2 Tectonic. , 10.4.3 Combined factors -- 10.5 Thermal and mechanical aspects of water release -- 10.6 Summary and implications -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11 Large basin overflow floods on Mars -- Summary -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Peak discharge from damburst floods on Mars -- 11.3 Basin influence on Martian outflow channels -- 11.3.1 Ares and Mawrth Valles -- 11.3.2 Kasei Valles -- 11.3.3 Simud Valles -- 11.4 Intermediate-scale basin overflows on Mars -- 11.4.1 Uzboi-Ladon-Morava system -- 11.4.2 Ma'adim Vallis -- 11.4.3 Smaller stem valleys with head basins and few tributaries -- 11.5 Conclusions -- References -- 12 Criteria for identifying jökulhlaup deposits in the sedimentary record -- Summary -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Defining critical criteria -- 12.3 The nature of jökulhlaup flooding -- 12.4 Jökulhlaup sedimentation -- 12.4.1 Sediment texture -- 12.4.2 Channel bars -- 12.4.3 Sediment concentration and flow rheology -- 12.4.4 Flood bedforms -- 12.4.5 Ice blocks and kettle holes -- 12.4.6 Rip-up clasts -- 12.5 Skeiðarársandur jökulhlaup bar case study -- 12.5.1 Study area -- 12.5.2 Methods -- 12.5.3 Results -- 12.5.4 Interpretation -- 12.5.5 Implications of the Skeiðarársandur jökulhlaup bar GPR survey -- 12.6 Discussion: criteria for identifying jökulhlaups in the sedimentary record -- 12.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 13 Megaflood sedimentary valley fill: Altai Mountains, Siberia -- Summary -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Methods -- 13.3 Perspective -- 13.3.1 Geology -- 13.3.2 System morphology -- 13.3.3 Morphology of giant bars -- 13.4 Sediment characteristics of the giant bars -- 13.4.1 Age of sediments -- 13.4.2 Facies associations (sequences) and architecture of selected giant bars -- Komdodj bar -- Kezek-Jala bar -- Log Korkobi -- Inja bar -- Little Jaloman bar -- 13.5 Discussion -- 13.5.1 Facies formation. , 13.5.2 Similarities -- 13.5.3 Differences -- 13.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 14 Modelling of subaerial jökulhlaups in Iceland -- Summary -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Jökulhlaups from Katla and Eyjafjallajökull -- 14.3 Dynamics of subaerial jökulhlaups -- 14.4 Numerical formulation -- 14.5 Model simulations: two examples -- 14.5.1 Katla -- 14.5.2 Eyjafjallajökull -- 14.6 Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 15 Jökulhlaups from Kverkfjöll volcano, Iceland: modelling transient hydraulic phenomena -- Summary -- 15.1 Introduction, background and rationale -- 15.2 Aim -- 15.3 Study site -- 15.4 Methodology -- 15.5 Results and interpretation -- 15.5.1 Boulder clusters -- 15.5.2 Slope-area calculations -- 15.5.3 Two-dimensional hydrodynamic modelling -- 15.6 Discussion -- 15.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 16 Dynamics of fluid flow in Martian outflow channels -- Summary -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Water sources -- 16.3 Water ascent to the surface -- 16.4 Water release at the surface -- 16.5 Dynamics of water flow -- 16.5.1 Basic relationships governing water flow -- 16.5.2 Morphological characteristics of outflow channels relevant to water flow speeds -- 16.5.3 Water flow speeds and predicted discharge estimates -- 16.5.4 Subcritical or supercritical flows? -- 16.5.5 Bed erosion -- 16.5.6 Water volumes and event durations -- 16.6 Water flow thermodynamics and rheology -- 16.6.1 Water evaporation and consequent heat loss -- 16.6.2 Thermal consequences of cryosphere erosion -- 16.6.3 Influence of ice formation and sediment load on rheology -- 16.7 Closing summary -- Notation -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Index.