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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mizolastine therapy also has an effect on nasal blockade in perennial allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Mizolastine is a new, nonsedating antihistamine with additional anti-inflammatory properties, providing relief in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of 10 mg o.d. mizolastine given to patients with perennial allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Methods This double-blind, placebo-controlled study involved 257 patients suffering from the disease for more than 10 years. They were allocated, after a 1-week placebo run-in, to receive mizolastine (n = 133) or placebo (n = 124) for 4 weeks. Results Mizolastine-treated patients showed significantly greater alleviation of nasal symptoms, with a mean decrease of 36% compared with pretreatment score, compared to a mean decrease of 10% in placebo patients (P〈0.001). Nasal blockade responded favorably to mizolastine compared to placebo and was associated with a significant reduction in rhinoscopy findings (P=0.030). Likewise, the mean ocular symptom score decreased 40% in mizolastine-treated patients compared to 7% in the placebo group (P〈0.003). The safety profile of mizolastine was satisfactory and similar to that of placebo. Conclusions In patients suffering from perennial allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, mizolastine is a safe and potent treatment. Mizolastine's pronounced effect on nasal blockade could possibly be linked to its anti-inflammatory properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03798.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of cytokines in infectious sinusitis and nasal polyposis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03767.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral antihistamine/decongestant treatment compared with intranasal corticosteroids in seasonal allergic rhinitis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This international, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group trial was undertaken to compare the efficacy and tolerability of once-daily astemizole-D (10mg astemizole plus 240 mg pseudoephedrine) with beclomethasone nasal spray (0.05mg/ml) two puffs/nostril administered twice daily in a total of 204 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Treatment duration was 4 weeks, Although investigator assessments of symptom severity were generally comparable in the two treatment groups throughout the trial, statistically significant differences in favour of astemizole-D for sneezing and ocular symptoms were apparent at the end of the 4-week treatment period (P 〈 0.05). Patient diary data support these findings, with significant differences in favour of the antihistamine/decongestant combination reported for ocular symptoms after 2 weeks of treatment (P 〈 0.05) and non-significant trends for sneezing after 2 weeks and ocular symptoms over the entire treatment period (P= 0.07). Use of rescue medication for ocular symptoms was also significantly lower in the astemizole-D treatment group (P 〈 0.05). A wide range of adverse experiences were reported, however, there were no statistically significant differences in the type or incidence of those between the two treatment groups. In conclusion, astemizole-D appears to be at least as effective and well tolerated as intranasal beclomethasone in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, providing at least comparable relief from all nasal symptoms including congestion and significantly greater relief from ocular symptoms than the topical steroid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb01003.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of IgE-specificities in nasal secretions and sera of allergic subjects by crossed radio-immunoelectrophoresis (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 20 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Allergen-specific IgE antibodies have not only been demonstrated in the serum, but also in the nasal secretions of allergic patients by means of the radio-allergosorbent test (RAST). In this preliminary study we adapted the technique of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) to nasal secretions in order to obtain further insight into the specificity of locally collected antibodies. Based on RAST results we compared CRIE patterns in serum, nasal secretions in 13 out of 23 grass pollen allergic subjects and two out of three house dust mite allergic subjects. In the nasal secretions the same IgE specificities were found as in the corresponding serum of the individual subject and as in a reference serum pool. These data indicate that the same specificity of IgE antibody can be found in the serum and the target organ. From these data there is no evidence for a local mucosal immune response that differs in specificity from the serum response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02688.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nasal polyps in patients with and without cystic fibrosis: a differentiation by innate markers and inflammatory mediators (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The dysfunction of the mucosal interface of the upper respiratory tract in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is clinically visible by the development of nasal polyps (NP) at a young age. Innate defence markers and inflammatory mediators in NP from patients with CF were compared with non-cystic fibrosis nasal polyps (non-CF-NP) to determine a possible different immunological background in macroscopically similar tissue.Methods Surgical samples were obtained from patients with non-CF-NP, cystic fibrosis patients with nasal polyps (CF-NP) and control patients (CO). With real time PCR, the mRNA expression of human β defensins (HBD) 2 and 3, toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 and the macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) were measured. On homogenates of the surgical samples eotaxin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-5 and IL-8 protein content was measured using commercial ELISA kits; IgE and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) were measured by the Unicap system.Results In CF-NP we found a statistically significant higher mRNA expression of HBD 2 compared with non-CF-NP and CO and of TLR 2 compared with non-CF-NP. In the non-CF-NP group, MMR mRNA expression was significantly elevated compared with CO and CF-NP. For TLR 4 mRNA expression no statistically significant differences were found between groups. IL-5 was below detection level in all CO and CF-NP, but was measurable in 80% of the non-CF-NP. MPO and IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in CF-NP compared with CO and non-CF-NP, whereas ECP, eotaxin and IgE were significantly higher in the non-CF-NP group.Conclusions We here demonstrate that CF-NP and non-CF-NP not only differ in terms of inflammatory mediator profile, but also in terms of innate markers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02215.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-5 receptors on human lung eosinophils after segmental allergen challenge (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background IL-5 is a specific cytokine for eosinophil accumulation, activation and prolongation of survival and can be recovered in elevated concentrations from the bronchoalveolar compartment in atopic asthma following allergen challenge.Objective The action of IL-5 is mediated via the specific IL-5 receptor-α (IL-5Rα). Although in vitro data suggest that IL-5R expression is regulated by cytokines such as IL-3, IL-5 and GM-CSF, IL-5R regulation in vivo and its kinetics following allergen provocation are incompletely understood.Methods We investigated IL-5R regulation in vivo following segmental allergen provocation (SAP) with an individually standardized dose of allergen in 12 patients with atopic asthma. Lavage was performed 10 min and 18 h (eight patients) and 10 min and 42 h (eight patients) after allergen challenge. In addition to differential cell counts, IL-5Rα was measured by flow cytometry and IL-5 concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were determined by ELISA.Results IL-5Rα expression decreased significantly on peripheral blood and on BAL eosinophils 18 and 42 h after SAP. In contrast, IL-5 concentrations increased significantly in BAL fluid 18 and 42 h after SAP. In four and two patients, respectively, there were detectable IL-5 concentrations in serum 18 or 42 h after allergen exposure.Conclusions Although there was no correlation between IL-5 concentrations and IL-5Rα expression on eosinophils in BAL, our data support previous in vitro and in vivo findings of a negative feedback mechanism between IL-5 concentrations and IL-5Rα expression on eosinophils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01986.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of intranasal fluticasone propionate and triamcinolone acetonide on basal and dynamic measures of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal-axis activity in healthy volunteers (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Most published studies show that intranasal corticosteroids have no effect on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, but there have been isolated reports to the contrary, contradicting accumulated knowledge on pharmacokinetics.Objective To re-evaluate the effect of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray (FPANS) and triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) aqueous nasal spray on the HPA axis using an improved study design.Methods Twenty-three healthy volunteers were randomized in a double-blind, three-way crossover study. The study comprised a 4-day placebo run-in phase followed by three 4-day treatment periods (placebo, FPANS (200 μg once daily) or TAA aqueous nasal spray (220 μg once daily)), separated by 7–14 days washout intervals. Before the first, and on the last day of each treatment period, 12-h overnight urine was collected to assess cortisol excretion and cortisol creatinine ratio. Approximately 26 h after the last administration of study medication, volunteers underwent stimulation with 0.5 μg adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Serum cortisol concentrations were measured before and 20 and 30 min after injection. Blood and urine samples were analysed for cortisol by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Results Compared with placebo, EP or TAA had no significant effect on mean overnight (12 h) urinary cortisol excretion, and did not significantly suppress the overnight geometric mean urinary cortisol/creatinine excretion ratio. Values for serum cortisol before and after ACTH simulation showed no significant suppression, although there was a slight blunting of the HPA-axis response following TAA treatment.Conclusion This study confirms that there are no detectable effects on the HPA axis following short-term intranasal FP or TAA at their recommended dosages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01843.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Costs associated with persistent allergic rhinitis are reduced by levocetirizine (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Allergic rhinitis was recently classified by the ARIA guidelines as persistent or intermittent. Levocetirizine was shown to improve symptoms and health-related quality of life of patients with persistent allergic rhinitis in the XPERTTM study, a 6-month randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial.Objective:  To assess the total costs of persistent allergic rhinitis, and the effect of long-term treatment with levocetirizine on these costs from several perspectives (societal, social security system, and employers).Methods:  Direct medical cost parameters (medications, physician visits and hospitalizations) and time lost parameters (workdays and Usual Daily Activities (UDA) lost) related to persistent allergic rhinitis and its comorbidities (asthma, sinusitis, otitis and upper respiratory infection) were measured. A cost analysis was performed using 2002 French costing data.Results:  From a societal perspective, the total cost of persistent allergic rhinitis without long-term treatment was estimated at €355.06/patient/month. From a social security perspective, levocetirizine treatment yielded an additional cost of €2.78/patient/month, compared to no-treatment. However, levocetirizine reduced the total cost of persistent allergic rhinitis and its comorbidities by €152.93/patient/month from a societal perspective and by €64.70/patient/month from an employer perspective. Most gains resulted from a decrease in the lost workdays and UDA in the levocetirizine group.Conclusion:  The cost of persistent allergic rhinitis is substantial. Treatment with levocetirizine reduces the cost of persistent allergic rhinitis and its comorbidities to the society by €152.93/patient/month while improving symptoms and health-related quality of life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00820.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EAACI Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps Executive Summary (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00830.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of secondary lymphoid tissue and local IgE formation to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins in nasal polyp tissue (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Bilateral nasal polyposis (NP) is characterized by high concentrations of IgE in NP tissue, which show no relation to the atopic status. We aimed to study the relationship between systemic and local IgE formation, nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and nasal polyposis.Methods:  In serum and nasal tissue homogenates from 24 NP patients and 12 controls, we determined concentrations of total IgE and IgE antibodies to inhalant allergens and S. aureus enterotoxins (SAEs; A,B,C,D,E,TSST) by ImmunoCAP. Tissue cryosections were stained for CD3, CD20, CD38, CD23, FcεRI, IgE and SEA/SEB.Results:  We demonstrated a higher incidence of S. aureus colonization (17/24) and IgE antibodies to SAEs in NP tissue (12/24) compared with controls (3/12 and 0/12, respectively). Total IgE and IgE antibodies in serum and NP tissue were dissociated because of local polyclonal IgE formation in NP tissue. Staining of NP tissue revealed follicular structures characterized by B and T cells, and lymphoid accumulations with diffuse plasma cell infiltration.Conclusions:  We demonstrated the organization of secondary lymphoid tissue in polyp tissue and a polyclonal hyper-immunoglobulinemia E associated with the presence of IgE antibodies to SAEs, colonization with S. aureus, and tissue eosinophilia in a relevant subgroup of polyp patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00621.x
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