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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence of combined metabolic health and weight status by various diagnosis criteria and association with cardiometabolic disease in Korean adults
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Obesity Research & Clinical Practice Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2023-03), p. 137-143
    Details
    In: Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, Elsevier BV, Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2023-03), p. 137-143
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1871-403X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.03.002
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2274031-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification of the optimal hiit protocol for fatigue resistance in adolescent athletes : a randomized controlled trial
    Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb ; 2022
    In:  Kinesiology Vol. 54, No. 2 ( 2022), p. 256-267
    Details
    In: Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Vol. 54, No. 2 ( 2022), p. 256-267
    Abstract: The combat sports athletes developed great gains in both muscular function and fatigue resistance by utilizing high-intensity interval training (HIIT). However, it has not fully investigated whether the different work-to-rest ratios of HIIT show the effectiveness on muscle function in adolescent athletes. The purpose of the study was to compare different work-to-rest ratios by applying different rest times in response to the identical work time during HIIT on muscle function in adolescent Taekwondo athletes. Forty-seven adolescent male Taekwondo athletes (age: 16.7±0.8 years) were randomly assigned to the control group (n=11) vs. three HIIT groups by work-to-rest ratios; 1) 1:2 [30s:60s] (n=12), 2) 1:4 [30s:120s] (n=12), and 3) 1:8 [30s:240s] (n=12). All groups completed 10 experimental sessions over four weeks, while the control group maintained their regular Taekwondo training. Muscular functions were measured by assessing isokinetic muscle strength and endurance of the knee extensor and flexor. The participants performed three sets of twenty maximal extension and flexion contractions at 120°s-1 with a 1-min interval between the sets for fatigue resistance. Blood samples were collected to measure free-testosterone, cortisol, creatine kinase, and urea as stress-to-recovery indicators. A positive effect on improving muscle fatigu e resistance was observed at the first set of assessments in the HIIT with 1:4 (Δ10.2%, p & lt;.05) and 1:8 groups (Δ8.6%, p & lt;.05). Additionally, the 1:4 group exhibited fatigue improvement in the second set (Δ7.7%, p & lt;.01) without any changes of stress-to-recovery indicators, while the other groups did not show any improvement. The 30s all-out with 120s rest time, lasting over a brief 4-week period, improved their fatigue resistance. A certain amount of rest time between high-intense movements is required to optimize muscle development in adolescent athletes compared with insufficient rest time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1848-638X , 1331-1441
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.26582/k
    DOI: 10.26582/k.54.2.3
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2262660-8
    SSG: 31
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Aerobic vs. Resistance Exercise on Vascular Function and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Older Women
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 18 ( 2023-09-07), p. 2479-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 18 ( 2023-09-07), p. 2479-
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different types of exercise (aerobic vs. resistance) on vascular function and vascular endothelial growth factor in older women. Forty-three older women, aged 65–75 years old, voluntarily participated in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: aerobic exercise (AE; n = 14), resistance exercise (RE; n = 15), and control (CG; n = 14) groups. All participants in the exercise groups performed their respective exercises for 60 min/day, three days/week, for 16 weeks. The intensity of aerobic and resistance exercises was determined using the individual heart rate reserve (40–60%) and RPE (12–13), respectively. The vascular function test included the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV), carotid artery blood flow volume, and velocity. Participants’ blood samples were collected to analyze the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A significance level of 0.05 was set. Our results showed that ba-PWV improved following both AE (14.5%) and RE groups (11.1%) (all p 〈 0.05). Increases in carotid blood flow volume (AE: 15.4%, RE: 18.6%) and total artery peak velocity (AE: 20.4%, RE: 17%) were observed in AE and RE groups (p 〈 0.05), while flow total artery mean velocity (36.2%) and peak velocities (20.5%) were only increased in the aerobic exercise group (p 〈 0.05). VEGF was increased after resistance exercise (p 〈 0.05). Overall, aerobic exercise provides greater benefits on vascular function than resistance exercise but further research is needed on VEGF regarding whether this change is associated with vascular function improvement in older women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182479
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of nutritional intake, body composition, bone mineral density, and isokinetic strength in collegiate female dancers
    Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2015-12-29), p. 356-362
    Details
    In: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2015-12-29), p. 356-362
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2288-176X , 2288-1778
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.12965/jer.150244
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2756291-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of High-Impact Weight-Bearing Exercise on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolism in Middle-Aged Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-01-18), p. 846-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-01-18), p. 846-
    Abstract: This study examined the effects of high-impact weight-bearing exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolic markers in middle-aged premenopausal women. Forty middle-aged premenopausal women were initially enrolled, but thirty-one participants (40.34 ± 3.69 years) completed in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups including the high-impact weight-bearing exercise group (HWE, n = 14) and control group (CON, n = 17). The HWE group participated in the exercise for 50 min a day, three days per week for four months, while the CON group maintained their regular lifestyle. The HWE program included 10 different high-impact weight-bearing exercises such as jumping and running. BMD was measured using DXA (Hologic, QDR 4500W, Marlborough, MA, USA). The bone metabolic markers including serum 25-(OH) D, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), and calcium were analyzed. The results showed that the BMDs of femur, lumbar, and forearm did not significantly change during the intervention period in both the HWE and CON groups. A significant decrease in bone formation markers such as OC (F = 10.514, p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.266) and an increase in bone resorption marker including CTX (F = 8.768, p = 0.006, ηp2 = 0.232) were found only in the CON group, while these values did not change in the HWE group. There was a significant increase in serum 25-(OH) D (F = 4.451, p = 0.044, ηp2 = 0.133) in the HWE group. Our findings suggest that four months of HWE is not sufficient to improve BMD and bone metabolic markers, but this impact exercise program may prevent the age-associated changes in bone turnover markers in middle-aged premenopausal women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app11020846
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of 16 Weeks of Resistance Training on Muscle Quality and Muscle Growth Factors in Older Adult Women with Sarcopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 13 ( 2021-06-23), p. 6762-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 13 ( 2021-06-23), p. 6762-
    Abstract: This study examined the effects of resistance training on muscle quality, muscle growth factors, and functional fitness in older adult women with sarcopenia. Twenty-two older adult women aged over 65 with sarcopenia were randomly assigned to either resistance training (RT, n = 12) or non-exercise control group (CG, n = 10). The body weight-based and elastic band RT were performed three times a week, 60 min per session, for 16 weeks. Body composition and thigh muscle quality were estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and computed tomography (CT), respectively. The muscle growth factors, including growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), activin A, and follistatin, were analyzed via blood samples. Statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and effect size (i.e., cohen’s d, partial eta square), and the significance level was set at 0.05. The RT group improved their functional fitness, grip strength, gait speed, and isometric muscle strength (p 〈 0.01, d 〉 0.99; large), while these variables did not change in the CG. An increase in intramuscular fat was only observed in the CG (p 〈 0.01, 1.06; large). Muscle growth factors such as follistatin were significantly increased in the RT (p 〈 0.05, 0.81; large), but other variables did not change following resistance training. Sixteen weeks of resistance training improved functional fitness and prevented age-related increases in intramuscular fat in the thigh area. However, there were only some changes in muscle growth factors, such as follistatin, suggesting that the effectiveness of resistance training on muscle growth factors is limited. Body weight-based and elastic band resistance training is an alternative training method for sarcopenia to minimize the age-related adverse effects on muscle function and quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136762
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between Physical Activity and Respiratory Diseases in Adolescents: An Age- and Gender-Matched Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 4 ( 2021-02-03), p. 1397-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 4 ( 2021-02-03), p. 1397-
    Abstract: The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the impacts of allergic respiratory diseases on physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), and body mass index (BMI) by matching age and gender with those adolescents without allergic respiratory diseases. This present study analyzed data from the 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS). Among 57,303 Korean adolescents who responded to the survey, the study divided adolescents into three different groups (i.e., general, asthma, and allergic rhinitis group). Asthma and allergic rhinitis groups included adolescents who checked on asthma- or allergic rhinitis-related questions as ‘yes’ (n = 259, n = 259), but the general group responded to any diseases-related question as ‘no’ (n = 259). The age and gender of participants among the three groups were matched. The results showed weight and BMI were significantly higher in asthma and allergic rhinitis groups compared to the general group (p 〈 0.001, p 〈 0.001). Furthermore, age, asthma, and allergic rhinitis were observed to be strong risk factors for predicting obesity in adolescents (BMI, 〉 25.0 kg/m2). In addition, this study found allergic respiratory diseases strong impacts on BMI levels because adolescents with ongoing asthma, or allergic rhinitis symptoms were more likely to have the inevitability of further weight gain compared to the general adolescents. Therefore, not only national interest in adolescents with allergic respiratory disease is essential, but PA should be encouraged to prevent and alleviate these diseases due to obesity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041397
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparisons of Muscle Quality and Muscle Growth Factor Between Sarcopenic and Non-Sarcopenic Older Women
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 18 ( 2020-09-10), p. 6581-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 18 ( 2020-09-10), p. 6581-
    Abstract: Sarcopenia, an age-related disease, is one of the important health problems in the elderly and the prevalence of sarcopenia is rapidly increased among the Korean population. This study examined the muscle quality and muscle growth factors of elderly women to identify the potential diagnostic tool for sarcopenia. One hundred and thirty-six elderly women, aged over 65 years old, initially enrolled, but only 59 participants who met the criteria (sarcopenic group, n = 27; non-sarcopenic group, n = 32) completed the study. Muscle quality assessment included thigh cross-sectional computed tomography scan and maximal isometric muscle strength. Muscle growth factors such as GDF-15, myostatin, activin A, and follistatin were analyzed, and a battery of Senior Fitness Test was used to examine functional fitness. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Elderly women with sarcopenia had a lower thigh muscle volume (−20.1%), and a higher thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (15.8%) than those of the non-sarcopenic group (p 〈 0.05). However, no significant differences in muscle growth factors were observed between the groups. Muscle quality variables including maximal voluntary isometric contraction (OR: 0.968, p 〈 0.001), relative maximal voluntary isometric contraction (OR: 0.989, p 〈 0.05), thigh muscle volume (OR: 0.836, p 〈 0.001), and thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (OR: 1.138, p 〈 0.05) were associated with a risk of sarcopenia. Our findings suggest that the sarcopenic group exhibits a poor thigh muscle quality in comparison with the non-sarcopenic group. Muscle quality assessment can be utilized for sarcopenia identification, but our study remains inconclusive for the causality of muscle growth factors in sarcopenia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186581
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Associations of Vitamin D Status with Athletic Performance and Blood-borne Markers in Adolescent Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 18 ( 2019-09-14), p. 3422-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 18 ( 2019-09-14), p. 3422-
    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of vitamin D status with athletic performance and blood-borne markers in adolescent athletes. This cross-sectional study included forty-seven Taekwondo athletes, aged 15–18 years old. Athletic performance was assessed using maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), Wingate anaerobic power test, vertical jump, agility T-test, lower limb muscle strength, and fatigue resistance. Blood samples were collected to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], free-testosterone, cortisol, creatine kinase, and urea. One-way ANOVAs were applied using Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels, which was 0.02 (i.e., 0.05/3). Multiple linear regressions analyses as well as Pearson and partial correlation analyses were used to examine the relationship among 25(OH)D concentration, athletic performance, and blood-borne markers. The participants 25(OH)D concentration were ranged from 16 to 73.25 nmol/L, indicating that 74.5% of the adolescent athletes have vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. The vitamin D status did not show any significant effects on the performance factors or blood-borne markers. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was positively correlated with mean power output (r = 0.359, p 〈 0.05) and relative mean power output (r = 0.325, p 〈 0.05) after adjusting for bone age, height, weight, training experience, lean body mass, and fat mass. However, 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with other performance-related factors and blood-borne markers. In addition, multiple linear regressions analyses revealed that serum 25(OH)D concentration were not significant predictors of athletic performance in adolescent athletes. In conclusion, vitamin D status is weakly correlated with anaerobic capacity; moreover, the underlying mechanisms of how vitamin D influence anaerobic performance is unclear in the present study. Nevertheless, the importance of vitamin D on health benefits should not be underestimated, especially during growth periods.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183422
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Online Social Connectivity Promote Physical Activity in a Wearable Tracker-Based Intervention? A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 12, No. 21 ( 2020-10-23), p. 8803-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 21 ( 2020-10-23), p. 8803-
    Abstract: Wearable activity trackers have gained popularity among individuals who want to track their physical activity (PA). The features of wearable tracking technology that are known to facilitate positive behavior changes such as self-monitoring and social connectedness) are well documented; yet, the existing evidence is not conclusive in the literature requiring further investigation. This study was an 8-week pilot randomized controlled study examining the effectiveness of PA intervention incorporating a wearable activity tracker’s online connectivity feature. Forty participants were equally randomized into either an individual-based (n = 20) or a connected group (n = 20). A Jawbone UP24 tracker was provided to all participants in both groups as a means of self-monitoring PA for eight weeks, but the connected group was additionally instructed to share their PA levels with the others using the accompanying smartphone application. Participants’ weekly step counts were evaluated each week to examine the change in PA. Participants’ biometric variables such as body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and psychological status, including self-efficacy (SE) and exercise motivation (EM), were measured from both groups before and after the intervention period. Additionally, the social support questionnaire (SSQ) was measured among the connected group. The statistical significance level was set at 〈 0.05. The average step counts for eight weeks were significantly increased only in the connected group (p 〈 0.001). Significant differences in step count improved from the baseline to week 8 in the connected user group (p 〈 0.01), but only baseline vs. week 7 in the individual users. Also, no significant interaction effects for biometric variables, EM, and SE were founded. However, SSQ was significantly improved in the connected user group (p 〈 0.001). PA intervention combining a wearable activity tracker and online social connectivity feature shows a greater effectiveness of promoting PA than a wearable tracker alone
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su12218803
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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