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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental investigation of ozone accumulation overnight during a wintertime ozone episode in south Taiwan
    Elsevier BV ; 2004
    In:  Atmospheric Environment Vol. 38, No. 26 ( 2004-8), p. 4267-4278
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Environment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 38, No. 26 ( 2004-8), p. 4267-4278
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-2310
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2004
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1499889-0
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Observing severe precipitation near complex topography during the Yilan Experiment of Severe Rainfall in 2020 ( YESR2020 )
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Vol. 148, No. 745 ( 2022-04), p. 1663-1682
    Details
    In: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Wiley, Vol. 148, No. 745 ( 2022-04), p. 1663-1682
    Abstract: This study introduces a recent field experiment investigating multiscale terrain–circulation–precipitation interactions. When a synoptic‐scale northeasterly wind prevails under the active East Asian winter monsoon, stratocumulus cloud decks with severe rainfall exceeding 100 mm·day −1 frequently occur in the northeastern plain area and adjacent mountains in Yilan, Taiwan. The Yilan Experiment of Severe Rainfall (YESR2020) is a field campaign from November 20, 2020, to November 24, 2020, to survey the physical processes leading to severe wintertime rainfall. The three‐dimensional structure of the wind field and the atmospheric environment can be identified through high temporal and spatial resolution sounding observations, which is empowered by the novel Storm Tracker mini‐radiosonde. During YESR2020, the continuously collected meteorological data of two northeasterly episodes captured the variability of local‐scale wind patterns and the features of the severe rainfall induced by stratocumulus. A preliminary analysis indicated that a local‐scale convergence line could appear over the plain area of Yilan under the northeasterly environmental condition. The precipitation hotspot was located in the mountain region of southern Yilan, where the local winds signified turbulence features. Moreover, the severe rainfall of the two northeasterly episodes spotlighted shallow cumulus under stratus with pure warm rain processes. The results of YESR2020 inspire the arrangement of future field observations to explore detailed mechanisms of heavily precipitating stratocumulus over complex topography.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-9009 , 1477-870X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/qj.v148.745
    DOI: 10.1002/qj.4271
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 7650
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3142-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2089168-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 3
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    Boundary Layer Characteristics Over Complex Terrain in Central Taiwan: Observations and Numerical Modeling
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2022-01-27)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2022-01-27)
    Abstract: A field campaign and high‐resolution weather model were conducted over complex terrain to investigate Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) structure and flow circulation The daytime sea breeze transports concentrated O 3 inland, and this intrusion enhances the wind flow over the mountain The PBL evolution processes illustrated in this study provide important information for air quality research
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-897X , 2169-8996
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2021JD035726
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Local Mean Bias Correction in a Regional Model Downscaling: A Case Study of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon of 1998
    American Meteorological Society ; 2009
    In:  Monthly Weather Review Vol. 137, No. 9 ( 2009-09-01), p. 2869-2892
    Details
    In: Monthly Weather Review, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 137, No. 9 ( 2009-09-01), p. 2869-2892
    Abstract: Regional climate models used to resolve high-resolution local circulation by dynamically downscaling from a coarse-resolution analysis may have difficulty in keeping large-scale information the same as in the analysis. Such difficulty produces large-scale error or bias, mainly due to mathematically ill-posed lateral boundary conditions. To reduce this type of error, in this paper the authors propose a scheme called local mean bias correction (LMBC). LMBC has means in x and in y directions locally over the model domain, but not a single mean over the entire domain. In spectral space, local means are represented by the zero wavenumber in the x direction with all wavenumbers in the y direction, and the zero wavenumber in the y direction with all the wavenumbers in the x direction. The local mean perturbation can be removed to correct the local mean bias where the perturbation is defined as the difference between a regional field and a base field from the analysis. The LMBC constitutes a simple methodology to ameliorate the influence of the lateral boundary conditions (LBCs) on the integration of the regional climate model (RCM); using it in this study improved the regional climate simulation of the 1998 South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon. Generally speaking, this scheme proved to have a well-simulated circulation during all periods of monsoon activities examined. Circulation errors during the SCS summer monsoon onset can be corrected using this LMBC scheme, though the rainfall amount was always underestimated as compared to the observation. This research demonstrated that shifting the domain north, east, west, and south as well as enlarging domain size produced results that are consistent in different cases over different years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1520-0493 , 0027-0644
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR2784.1
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033056-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 202616-8
    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Comparison of Two Heavy Rainfall Events during the Terrain-Influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (TiMREX) 2008
    American Meteorological Society ; 2014
    In:  Monthly Weather Review Vol. 142, No. 7 ( 2014-07-01), p. 2436-2463
    Details
    In: Monthly Weather Review, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 142, No. 7 ( 2014-07-01), p. 2436-2463
    Abstract: Two contrasting localized heavy rainfall events during Taiwan’s early summer rainy season with the daily rainfall maximum along the windward mountain range and coast were studied and compared using a combination of observations and numerical simulations. Both events occurred under favorable large-scale settings including the existence of a moisture tongue from the tropics. For the 31 May case, heavy rainfall occurred in the afternoon hours over the southwestern windward slopes after a shallow surface front passed central Taiwan. The orographic lifting of the prevailing warm, moist, west-southwesterly flow aloft, combined with a sea breeze–upslope flow at the surface provided the localized lifting needed for the development of heavy precipitation. On 16 June before sunrise, pronounced orographic blocking of the warm, moist, south-southwesterly flow occurred because of the presence of relatively cold air at low levels as a result of nocturnal and rain evaporative cooling. As a result, convective systems intensified as they moved toward the southwestern coast. During the daytime, the cold pool remained over southwestern Taiwan without the development of onshore/upslope flow. Furthermore, with a south-southwesterly flow aloft parallel to terrain contours, orographic lifting aloft was absent and preexisting rain cells offshore diminished after they moved inland. Over northern Taiwan on the lee side, a sea breeze/onshore flow developed in the afternoon hours, resulting in heavy thundershowers. These results demonstrate the importance of diurnal and local effects on determining the location and timing of the occurrences of localized heavy precipitation during the early summer rainy season over Taiwan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-0644 , 1520-0493
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00293.1
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033056-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 202616-8
    SSG: 14
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    An Overview of Low-Level Jets (LLJs) and Their Roles in Heavy Rainfall over the Taiwan Area during the Early Summer Rainy Season
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Meteorology Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2022-03-17), p. 64-112
    Details
    In: Meteorology, MDPI AG, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2022-03-17), p. 64-112
    Abstract: During the early summer rainy season over Taiwan, three types of low-level jets are observed, including a synoptic low-level jet (SLLJ) situated in the 850–700 hPa layer in the frontal zone, a marine boundary layer jet (MBLJ) embedded within the southwesterly monsoon flow over the northern South China Sea at approximately the 925 hPa level, and an orographically induced jet at approximately the 1 km level off the northwestern Taiwan coast (e.g., barrier jet (BJ)). The characteristics and physical processes of the formation of these three types of low-level jets are reviewed, and their roles in the development of heavy rainfall are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2674-0494
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/meteorology1010006
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A modeling study on the effects of MJO and equatorial Rossby waves on tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific in June 2004
    Elsevier BV ; 2015
    In:  Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans Vol. 72 ( 2015-12), p. 70-87
    Details
    In: Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, Elsevier BV, Vol. 72 ( 2015-12), p. 70-87
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0377-0265
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2015.10.002
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001552-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 199173-5
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
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    Aerosol impacts on warm-cloud microphysics and drizzle in a moderately polluted environment
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol. 21, No. 6 ( 2021-03-23), p. 4487-4502
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 21, No. 6 ( 2021-03-23), p. 4487-4502
    Abstract: Abstract. Climate is critically affected by aerosols, which alter cloud lifecycles and precipitation distribution through radiative and microphysical effects. In this study, aerosol and cloud property datasets from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), onboard the Aqua satellite, and surface observations, including aerosol concentrations, raindrop size distribution, and meteorological parameters, were used to statistically quantify the effects of aerosols on low-level warm-cloud microphysics and drizzle over northern Taiwan during multiple fall seasons (from 15 October to 30 November of 2005–2017). Our results indicated that northwestern Taiwan, which has several densely populated cities, is dominated by low-level clouds (e.g., warm, thin, and broken clouds) during the fall season. The observed effects of aerosols on warm clouds indicated aerosol indirect effects (i.e., increased aerosol loading caused a decrease in cloud effective radius (CER)), an increase in cloud optical thickness, an increase in cloud fraction, and a decrease in cloud-top temperature under a fixed cloud water path. Quantitatively, aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI=-∂ln⁡CER∂ln⁡α|CWP, changes in CER relative to changes in aerosol amounts) were 0.07 for our research domain and varied between 0.09 and 0.06 in the surrounding remote (i.e., ocean) and polluted (i.e., land) areas, respectively, indicating aerosol indirect effects were stronger in the remote area. From the raindrop size distribution analysis, high aerosol loading resulted in a decreased frequency of drizzle events, redistribution of cloud water to more numerous and smaller droplets, and reduced collision–coalescence rates. However, during light rain (≤1 mm h−1), high aerosol concentrations drove raindrops towards smaller droplet sizes and increased the appearance of drizzle drops. This study used long-term surface and satellite data to determine aerosol variations in northern Taiwan, effects on clouds and precipitation, and observational strategies for future research on aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1680-7324
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-4487-2021
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069847-1
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  • 9
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    Investigation of the Effects of Different Land Use and Land Cover Patterns on Mesoscale Meteorological Simulations in the Taiwan Area
    American Meteorological Society ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2013-03), p. 570-587
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2013-03), p. 570-587
    Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) land use (LU) data employed in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model classify most LU types in Taiwan as mixtures of irrigated cropland and forest, which is not an accurate representation of current conditions. The WRF model released after version 3.1 provides an alternative LU dataset retrieved from 2001 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite products. The MODIS data correctly identify most LU-type distributions, except that they represent western Taiwan as being extremely urbanized. A new LU dataset, obtained using 2007 Système Probatoire d’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) satellite imagery [from the National Central University of Taiwan (NCU)], accurately shows the major metropolitan cities as well as other land types. Three WRF simulations were performed, each with a different LU dataset. Owing to the overestimation of urban area in the MODIS data, WRF-MODIS overpredicts daytime temperatures in western Taiwan. Conversely, WRF-USGS underpredicts daytime temperatures. The temperature variation estimated by WRF-NCU falls between those estimated by the other two simulations. Over the ocean, WRF-MODIS predicts the strongest onshore sea breezes, owing to the enhanced temperature gradient between land and sea, while WRF-USGS predicts the weakest onshore flow. The intensity of the onshore breeze predicted by WRF-NCU is between those predicted by WRF-MODIS and WRF-USGS. Over Taiwan, roughness length is the key parameter influencing wind speed. WRF-USGS significantly overpredicts the surface wind speed owing to the shorter roughness length of its elements, while the surface wind speeds estimated by WRF-NCU and WRF-MODIS are in better agreement with the observed data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8424 , 1558-8432
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0109.1
    RVK:
    UA 4547
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2013
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227759-6
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  • 10
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    Effect of Doppler Radial Velocity Data Assimilation on the Simulation of a Typhoon Approaching Taiwan: A Case Study of Typhoon Aere (2004)
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2011
    In:  Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 325-
    Details
    In: Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 325-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1017-0839
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2010.10.08.01(A)
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2278841-4
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