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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sunday, 18 July 2010
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2010
    In:  Cardiovascular Research Vol. 87, No. Supplement 1 ( 2010-06-22), p. S89-S135
    Details
    In: Cardiovascular Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 87, No. Supplement 1 ( 2010-06-22), p. S89-S135
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-6363
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq176
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1499917-1
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  • 2
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    BioDeepTime: A database of biodiversity time series for modern and fossil assemblages
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Global Ecology and Biogeography Vol. 32, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. 1680-1689
    Details
    In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. 1680-1689
    Abstract: We have little understanding of how communities respond to varying magnitudes and rates of environmental perturbations across temporal scales. BioDeepTime harmonizes assemblage time series of presence and abundance data to help facilitate investigations of community dynamics across timescales and the response of communities to natural and anthropogenic stressors. BioDeepTime includes time series of terrestrial and aquatic assemblages of varying spatial and temporal grain and extent from the present‐day to millions of years ago. Main Types of Variables Included BioDeepTime currently contains 7,437,847 taxon records from 10,062 assemblage time series, each with a minimum of 10 time steps. Age constraints, sampling method, environment and taxonomic scope are provided for each time series. Spatial Location and Grain The database includes 8752 unique sampling locations from freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Spatial grain represented by individual samples varies from quadrats on the order of several cm 2 to grid cells of ~100 km 2 . Time Period and Grain BioDeepTime in aggregate currently spans the last 451 million years, with the 10,062 modern and fossil assemblage time series ranging in extent from years to millions of years. The median extent of modern time series is 18.7 years and for fossil series is 54,872 years. Temporal grain, the time encompassed by individual samples, ranges from days to tens of thousands of years. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database contains information on 28,777 unique taxa with 4,769,789 records at the species level and another 271,218 records known to the genus level, including time series of benthic and planktonic foraminifera, coccolithophores, diatoms, ostracods, plants (pollen), radiolarians and other invertebrates and vertebrates. There are to date 7012 modern and 3050 fossil time series in BioDeepTime. Software Format SQLite, Comma‐separated values.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-822X , 1466-8238
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/geb.v32.10
    DOI: 10.1111/geb.13735
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479787-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021283-5
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  • 3
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    fossilbrush : An R package for automated detection and resolution of anomalies in palaeontological occurrence data
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Methods in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2022-11), p. 2404-2418
    Details
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2022-11), p. 2404-2418
    Abstract: Fossil occurrence databases are indispensable resources to the palaeontological community, yet present unique data cleaning challenges. Many studies devote significant attention to cleaning fossil occurrence data prior to analysis, but such efforts are typically bespoke and difficult to reproduce. There are also no standardised methods to detect and resolve errors despite the development of an ecosystem of cleaning tools fuelled by the concurrent growth of neontological occurrence databases. As fossil occurrence databases continue to increase in size, the demand for standardised, automated and reproducible methods to improve data quality will only grow. Here, we present semi‐automated cleaning solutions to address these issues with a new R package fossilbrush . We apply our cleaning protocols to the Paleobiology Database to assess the prevalence of anomalous entries and the efficacy and impact of our methods. We find that anomalies may be effectively resolved by comparison against a published compendium of stratigraphic ranges, improving the stratigraphic quality of the data, and through methods which detect outliers in taxon‐wise occurrence stratigraphic distributions. Despite this, anomalous entries remain prevalent throughout major clades, with often more than 30% of genera in major fossil groups (e.g. bivalves, echinoderms) displaying stratigraphically suspect occurrence records. Our methods provide a way to flag and resolve anomalous taxonomic data before downstream palaeobiological analysis and may also aid in the automation and targeting of future cleaning efforts. We stress, however, that our methods are semi‐automated and are primarily for the detection of potential anomalies for further scrutiny, as full automation should not be a substitute for expert vetting. We note that some of our methods do not rely on external databases for anomaly resolution and so are also applicable to occurrences in neontological databases, expanding the utility of the fossilbrush R package.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mee3.v13.11
    DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13966
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 4
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    Climate change disrupts core habitats of marine species
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2023-06), p. 3304-3317
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2023-06), p. 3304-3317
    Abstract: Driven by climate change, marine biodiversity is undergoing a phase of rapid change that has proven to be even faster than changes observed in terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding how these changes in species composition will affect future marine life is crucial for conservation management, especially due to increasing demands for marine natural resources. Here, we analyse predictions of a multiparameter habitat suitability model covering the global projected ranges of 〉 33,500 marine species from climate model projections under three CO 2 emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) up to the year 2100. Our results show that the core habitat area will decline for many species, resulting in a net loss of 50% of the core habitat area for almost half of all marine species in 2100 under the high‐emission scenario RCP8.5. As an additional consequence of the continuing distributional reorganization of marine life, gaps around the equator will appear for 8% (RCP2.6), 24% (RCP4.5), and 88% (RCP8.5) of marine species with cross‐equatorial ranges. For many more species, continuous distributional ranges will be disrupted, thus reducing effective population size. In addition, high invasion rates in higher latitudes and polar regions will lead to substantial changes in the ecosystem and food web structure, particularly regarding the introduction of new predators. Overall, our study highlights that the degree of spatial and structural reorganization of marine life with ensued consequences for ecosystem functionality and conservation efforts will critically depend on the realized greenhouse gas emission pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v29.12
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16612
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
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  • 5
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    Marine invertebrate migrations trace climate change over 450 million years
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Global Ecology and Biogeography Vol. 29, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 1280-1282
    Details
    In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 1280-1282
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-822X , 1466-8238
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/geb.v29.7
    DOI: 10.1111/geb.13114
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479787-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021283-5
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  • 6
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    The stability of coastal benthic biogeography over the last 10 million years
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Global Ecology and Biogeography Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 1106-1120
    Details
    In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 1106-1120
    Abstract: We demarcate marine benthic global bioregions based on fossil and recent occurrence data. Our main goal is to compare past and present biogeography and to extract major abiotic drivers of biogeographical patterns. We specifically test the hypothesis that global biogeography has changed markedly after the climatic fluctuations of the past 10 Myr. Location Worldwide. Time period Recent; late Miocene–Pleistocene interval. Major taxa studied Benthic taxa with a rich fossil record: Bivalvia, Brachiopoda, Bryozoa, Gastropoda, Echinodermata, Decapoda and reef corals. Methods We use occurrence data from the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) and the Paleobiology Database to construct compositional networks and outline objective marine bioregions of benthic marine invertebrates using the “infomap” community detection algorithm. We assess the association of modern bioregions with a variety of environmental parameters by applying multivariate statistical analyses, such as principal components analysis, random forests and multiple logistic regressions. Results Recent first‐order bioregions for the coastal ocean are, in general, consistent across all taxa. Seawater temperature surpasses nutrients, primary production and salinity as a predictor of modern bioregion distributions. Despite substantial climatic variations, late Cenozoic biogeographical patterns recorded in fossils are very similar to modern ones. Main conclusions Biogeographical boundaries within oceans are strongly controlled by temperature gradients, but open oceanic and continental barriers determine the global biogeographical structure. The joint structure of a landmass distribution, deep ocean basins and the latitudinal temperature gradient defines bioregionalization of the benthic marine habitat, which did not change substantially over the past 10 Myr.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-822X , 1466-8238
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/geb.v27.9
    DOI: 10.1111/geb.12771
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479787-2
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  • 7
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    Radiolarian biodiversity dynamics through the Triassic and Jurassic: implications for proximate causes of the end-Triassic mass extinction
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  Paleobiology Vol. 40, No. 4 ( 2014), p. 625-639
    Details
    In: Paleobiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 40, No. 4 ( 2014), p. 625-639
    Abstract: Within a ∼60-Myr interval in the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic, a major mass extinction took place at the end of Triassic, and several biotic and environmental events of lesser magnitude have been recognized. Climate warming, ocean acidification, and a biocalcification crisis figure prominently in scenarios for the end-Triassic event and have been also suggested for the early Toarcian. Radiolarians, as the most abundant silica-secreting marine microfossils of the time, provide a control group against marine calcareous taxa in testing selectivity and responses to changing environmental parameters. We analyzed the origination and extinction rates of radiolarians, using data from the Paleobiology Database and employing sampling standardization, the recently developed gap-filler equations and an improved stratigraphic resolution at the substage level. The major end-Triassic event is well-supported by a late Rhaetian peak in extinction rates. Because calcifying and siliceous organisms appear similarly affected, we consider global warming a more likely proximate trigger of the extinctions than ocean acidification. The previously reported smaller events of radiolarian turnover fail to register above background levels in our analyses. The apparent early Norian extinction peak is not significant compared to the long-term trajectory, and is probably a sampling artifact. The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, previously also thought to have caused a significant radiolarian turnover, did not significantly affect the group. Radiolarian diversity history appears unique and complexly forced, as its trajectory parallels major calcareous fossil groups at some events and deviates at others.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8373 , 1938-5331
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1666/14007
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052186-8
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  • 8
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    Climate change and the latitudinal selectivity of ancient marine extinctions
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Paleobiology Vol. 45, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 70-84
    Details
    In: Paleobiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 45, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 70-84
    Abstract: Geologically rapid climate change is anticipated to increase extinction risk nonuniformly across the Earth's surface. Tropical species may be more vulnerable than temperate species to current climate warming because of high tropical climate velocities and reduced seawater oxygen levels. To test whether rapid warming indeed preferentially increased the extinction risk of tropical fossil taxa, we combine a robust statistical assessment of latitudinal extinction selectivity (LES) with the dominant views on climate change occurring at ancient extinction crises. Using a global data set of marine fossil occurrences, we assess extinction rates for tropical and temperate genera, applying log ratios to assess effect size and Akaike weights for model support. Among the classical “big five” mass extinction episodes, the end-Permian mass extinction exhibits temperate preference of extinctions, whereas the Late Devonian and end-Triassic selectively hit tropical genera. Simple links between the inferred direction of climate change and LES are idiosyncratic, both during crisis and background intervals. More complex models, including sampling patterns and changes in the latitudinal distribution of continental shelf area, show tropical LES to be generally associated with raised tropical heat and temperate LES with global cold temperatures. With implications for the future, our paper demonstrates the consistency of high tropical temperatures, habitat loss, and the capacity of both to interact in generating geographic patterns in extinctions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8373 , 1938-5331
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/pab.2018.34
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052186-8
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  • 9
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    Coupling of geographic range and provincialism in Cambrian marine invertebrates
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Paleobiology Vol. 49, No. 2 ( 2023-05), p. 284-295
    Details
    In: Paleobiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 49, No. 2 ( 2023-05), p. 284-295
    Abstract: The Cambrian saw a dramatic increase in metazoan diversity and abundance. Between-assemblage diversity (beta diversity) soared in the first three Cambrian stages, suggesting a rapid increase in the geodisparity of marine animals during the Cambrian radiation. However, it remains unclear how these changes scale up to first-order biogeographic patterns. Here we outline time-traceable provinces for marine invertebrates across the Cambrian period using a compositional network based on species-level fossil occurrence data. Results confirm an increase in regional differences of faunal composition and a decrease in by-species geographic distribution during the first three stages. We also show that general biogeography tends to be reshaped after global extinction pulses. We suggest that the abrupt biogeographic differentiation during the Cambrian radiation was controlled by a combination of tectonics, paleoclimate, and dispersal capacity changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8373 , 1938-5331
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/pab.2022.36
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052186-8
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  • 10
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    Adding fossil occupancy trajectories to the assessment of modern extinction risk
    The Royal Society ; 2016
    In:  Biology Letters Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2016-10), p. 20150813-
    Details
    In: Biology Letters, The Royal Society, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2016-10), p. 20150813-
    Abstract: Besides helping to identify species traits that are commonly linked to extinction risk, the fossil record may also be directly relevant for assessing the extinction risk of extant species. Standing geographical distribution or occupancy is a strong predictor of both recent and past extinction risk, but the role of changes in occupancy is less widely assessed. Here we demonstrate, based on the Cenozoic fossil record of marine species, that both occupancy and its temporal trajectory are significant determinants of risk. Based on extinct species we develop a model on the additive and interacting effects of occupancy and its temporal changes on extinction risk. We use this model to predict extinction risk of extant species. The predictions suggest a moderate risk for marine species on average. However, some species seem to be on a long-term decline and potentially at a latent extinction risk, which is not considered in current risk assessments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1744-9561 , 1744-957X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0813
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2103283-X
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