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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Influence of offshore oil and gas structures on seascape ecological connectivity
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 2022-06), p. 3515-3536
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 2022-06), p. 3515-3536
    Abstract: Offshore platforms, subsea pipelines, wells and related fixed structures supporting the oil and gas (O & G) industry are prevalent in oceans across the globe, with many approaching the end of their operational life and requiring decommissioning. Although structures can possess high ecological diversity and productivity, information on how they interact with broader ecological processes remains unclear. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the role of O & G infrastructure in maintaining, altering or enhancing ecological connectivity with natural marine habitats. There is a paucity of studies on the subject with only 33 papers specifically targeting connectivity and O & G structures, although other studies provide important related information. Evidence for O & G structures facilitating vertical and horizontal seascape connectivity exists for larvae and mobile adult invertebrates, fish and megafauna; including threatened and commercially important species. The degree to which these structures represent a beneficial or detrimental net impact remains unclear, is complex and ultimately needs more research to determine the extent to which natural connectivity networks are conserved, enhanced or disrupted. We discuss the potential impacts of different decommissioning approaches on seascape connectivity and identify, through expert elicitation, critical knowledge gaps that, if addressed, may further inform decision making for the life cycle of O & G infrastructure, with relevance for other industries (e.g. renewables). The most highly ranked critical knowledge gap was a need to understand how O & G structures modify and influence the movement patterns of mobile species and dispersal stages of sessile marine species. Understanding how different decommissioning options affect species survival and movement was also highly ranked, as was understanding the extent to which O & G structures contribute to extending species distributions by providing rest stops, foraging habitat, and stepping stones. These questions could be addressed with further dedicated studies of animal movement in relation to structures using telemetry, molecular techniques and movement models. Our review and these priority questions provide a roadmap for advancing research needed to support evidence‐based decision making for decommissioning O & G infrastructure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v28.11
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16134
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
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    Home range and movement patterns of the Redlip Parrotfish (Scarus rubroviolaceus) in Hawaii
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2013
    In:  Marine Biology Vol. 160, No. 7 ( 2013-7), p. 1583-1595
    Details
    In: Marine Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 160, No. 7 ( 2013-7), p. 1583-1595
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0025-3162 , 1432-1793
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00227-013-2211-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1117-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459413-4
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  • 3
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    Decommissioning impacts on biotic assemblages associated with shell mounds beneath southern California offshore oil and gas platforms
    Bulletin of Marine Science ; 2019
    In:  Bulletin of Marine Science Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2019-10-01), p. 683-702
    Details
    In: Bulletin of Marine Science, Bulletin of Marine Science, Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2019-10-01), p. 683-702
    Abstract: The decommissioning of southern California offshore oil and gas platforms will create major economic, engineering, and environmental challenges in the next decade. Platform jackets, conductors, and shell mounds often host a diverse and productive marine community, and among the myriad considerations associated with decommissioning planning, platform operators and federal and state regulatory agencies will consider the ecological value of existing underwater structures as artificial reefs. In the event of partial removal of platform structure, fish assemblages on decommissioned platforms may remain unchanged in areas where structure is left intact. However, on the seafloor beneath the platforms, a mound of debris often called the shell mound will likely change over time if the supply of falling mussels and other organisms from the productive surface part of the structure is removed. In this study, we review shell mound research relevant to decommissioning, including mound formation, contaminant loads, associated biological communities, and transitions following the removal of platform structures at four sites. To address the gap in knowledge of shell mound fish community structure, we used manned submersible and remotely operated vehicle surveys from 1997 to 2013 to estimate the biomass, density, species composition and similarity between shell mounds at 22 southern California platforms. We found a wide range of variability in fish density and shell mound areal extent. Species composition also varied among sites, with three significant community clusters primarily distinguished by species depth preferences. These results will help inform a comprehensive net environmental benefit analysis of southern California offshore platform decommissioning alternatives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-4977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5343/bms.2018.0077
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bulletin of Marine Science
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2123588-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 799168-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 956076-2
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  • 4
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    An analysis of the fish assemblages around 23 oil and gas platforms off California with comparisons with natural habitats
    Bulletin of Marine Science ; 2019
    In:  Bulletin of Marine Science Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2019-10-01), p. 477-514
    Details
    In: Bulletin of Marine Science, Bulletin of Marine Science, Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2019-10-01), p. 477-514
    Abstract: Between 1995 and 2013, we surveyed fishes living around 23 California offshore oil and gas platforms (midwaters, bases, and shell mounds) and 70 natural habitats. These platforms were distributed between about Point Arguello, central California, and Huntington Beach, southern California, had seafloor depths between 49 and 363 m, and were surveyed between one and 16 times. A total of 1,526,437 fishes were observed. Fish densities were highest around platform bases, followed by platform midwaters, shell mounds, and natural habitats. Of all fishes observed, 90.4% were in the genus Sebastes . Water depth was the strongest driver of the fish species assemblages, although habitat type and geographic location were also important. Most of the fishes living around platforms and natural habitats were relatively small, primarily ≤20 cm in length. Many of these individuals were the juveniles of larger taxa or the juveniles and adults of dwarf species. Larger fishes were less common and these were most often found around platform bases and on natural habitats. Most young-of-the-year (YOY) fishes occurred at water depths of ≤150 m at all four habitats. At platforms, YOY densities were highest in platform midwaters and bases. On average, densities of these young fishes were somewhat higher compared to natural habitats and it is likely that many, although not all, California platforms play a significant role as nursery grounds for a variety of fishes, particularly for a number of Sebastes species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-4977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5343/bms.2018.0061
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bulletin of Marine Science
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2123588-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 799168-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 956076-2
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  • 5
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    The role of jacket complexity in structuring fish assemblages in the midwaters of two California oil and gas platforms
    Bulletin of Marine Science ; 2019
    In:  Bulletin of Marine Science Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2019-10-01), p. 597-616
    Details
    In: Bulletin of Marine Science, Bulletin of Marine Science, Vol. 95, No. 4 ( 2019-10-01), p. 597-616
    Abstract: Between 2005 and 2011, using manned research submersibles, we compared the fish assemblages associated with the midwater platform structures (at depths between 40 and 195 m) of two southern California oil and gas platforms, Gail and Eureka. Gail is a typical California platform, with rounded crossbeams and pilings, while the midwater jacket of Eureka, studded with bowl-shaped piling guides, is more complex. While the assemblages of both platforms were dominated by rockfishes ( Sebastes spp.), there were also significant differences. Compared to Gail, Eureka: (1) exhibited higher densities of all species combined and of most species in common, (2) had more mature individuals of most species, (3) exhibited greater species richness, and (4) had higher densities of species typical of complex high relief. We propose that the complex midwater jacket of Eureka, with its many sheltering sites, resembles rugose natural rocky reefs. This research both reinforces the conclusion that many reef species have quite specific habitat requirements and that the platform decommissioning process must consider each platform individually.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-4977
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5343/bms.2017.1131
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bulletin of Marine Science
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2123588-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 799168-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 956076-2
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  • 6
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    Biogeographic patterns of communities across diverse marine ecosystems in southern California
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Marine Ecology Vol. 39, No. S1 ( 2018-05)
    Details
    In: Marine Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. S1 ( 2018-05)
    Abstract: Integrating results from monitoring efforts conducted across diverse marine ecosystems provides opportunities to reveal novel biogeographic patterns at larger spatial scales and among multiple taxonomic groups. We investigated large‐scale patterns of community similarity across major taxonomic groups (invertebrates, fishes or algae) from a range of marine ecosystems (rocky intertidal, sandy intertidal, kelp forest, shallow and deep soft‐bottom subtidal) in southern California. Because monitoring sites and methods varied among programs, site data were averaged over larger geographic regions to facilitate comparisons. For the majority of individual community types, locations that were geographically near or environmentally similar to one another tended to have more similar communities. However, our analysis found that this pattern of within community type similarity did not result in all pairs of these community types exhibiting high levels of cross‐community congruence. Rocky intertidal algae communities had high levels of congruence with the spatial patterns observed for almost all of the other (fish or invertebrate) community types. This was not surprising given algal distributions are known to be highly influenced by bottom‐up factors and they are important as food and habitat for marine fishes and invertebrates. However, relatively few pairwise comparisons of the spatial patterns between a fish community and an invertebrate community yielded significant correlations. These community types are generally comprised of assemblages of higher trophic level species, and additional ecological and anthropogenic factors may have altered their spatial patterns of community similarity. In most cases pairs of invertebrate community types and pairs of fish community types exhibited similar spatial patterns, although there were some notable exceptions. These findings have important implications for the design and interpretation of results of long‐term monitoring programs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0173-9565 , 1439-0485
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/maec.2018.39.issue-S1
    DOI: 10.1111/maec.12453
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 7
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    The biogeography and community structure of kelp forest macroinvertebrates
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Marine Ecology Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2016-08), p. 770-785
    Details
    In: Marine Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 37, No. 4 ( 2016-08), p. 770-785
    Abstract: Understanding species distributions and their community structure is increasingly important when taking an ecosystem‐based approach to conservation and management. However, knowledge of the distribution and community structure of species in mid‐range trophic levels ( e.g . macroinvertebrates) is lacking in most marine ecosystems. Our study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and community‐level biogeographic patterns of common kelp forest–rocky reef macroinvertebrates in Southern California and to evaluate the effects of environmental gradients on these communities. Quantitative SCUBA surveys were used to estimate macroinvertebrate densities at 92 sites from 2008–2012. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling was used to evaluate spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate communities among Regions. We found that kelp forest–rocky reef macroinvertebrate communities are distinct among different island and mainland regions, and their community patterns exhibited a strong relationship with an environmental gradient ( i.e . sea surface temperature) even after controlling for geographic distance between sites. High abundances of urchin species ( Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Strongylocentrotus franciscanus ) were strong drivers of regional differences. Macroinvertebrate community patterns were driven by characteristic species that were typically more prevalent at warmer or colder sites. Our results provide the first quantitative analysis of macroinvertebrate community structure within the California kelp forest ecosystem. We also describe the distribution and abundance of 92 conspicuous kelp forest‐rocky reef macroinvertebrates among nine pre‐defined Regions. This study provides important preliminary information on these macroinvertebrate species that will be directly useful to inform management of invertebrate fisheries and spatial protection of marine resources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0173-9565 , 1439-0485
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/maec.2016.37.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/maec.12346
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020745-1
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  • 8
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    Morphometric Relationships of Marine Fishes Common to Central California and the Southern California Bight
    Southern California Academy of Sciences ; 2013
    In:  Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences Vol. 112, No. 3 ( 2013-12), p. 217-227
    Details
    In: Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences, Southern California Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, No. 3 ( 2013-12), p. 217-227
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0038-3872 , 2162-4534
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3160/0038-3872-112.3.217
    Language: English
    Publisher: Southern California Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2475962-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2276294-2
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  • 9
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    Environmental benefits of leaving offshore infrastructure in the ocean
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment Vol. 16, No. 10 ( 2018-12), p. 571-578
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Wiley, Vol. 16, No. 10 ( 2018-12), p. 571-578
    Abstract: The removal of thousands of structures associated with oil and gas development from the world's oceans is well underway, yet the environmental impacts of this decommissioning practice remain unknown. Similar impacts will be associated with the eventual removal of offshore wind turbines. We conducted a global survey of environmental experts to guide best decommissioning practices in the North Sea, a region with a substantial removal burden. In contrast to current regulations, 94.7% of experts (36 out of 38) agreed that a more flexible case‐by‐case approach to decommissioning could benefit the North Sea environment. Partial removal options were considered to deliver better environmental outcomes than complete removal for platforms, but both approaches were equally supported for wind turbines. Key considerations identified for decommissioning were biodiversity enhancement, provision of reef habitat, and protection from bottom trawling, all of which are negatively affected by complete removal. We provide recommendations to guide the revision of offshore decommissioning policy, including a temporary suspension of obligatory removal.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1540-9295 , 1540-9309
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/fee.2018.16.issue-10
    DOI: 10.1002/fee.1827
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2161292-4
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  • 10
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    Patterns of Life History and Habitat Use of an Important Recreational Fishery Species, Spotfin Croaker, and Their Potential Fishery Implications
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Marine and Coastal Fisheries Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 71-84
    Details
    In: Marine and Coastal Fisheries, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 71-84
    Abstract: Spotfin croakers Roncador stearnsii , a prized recreational catch, were collected throughout the Southern California Bight, primarily as bycatch from a long‐term, scientific gill‐net collection effort. The maximum otolith‐based age in the present study was 24 years—14 years greater than in a previous scale‐based aging study. Multiple models were used to estimate mean length at age, including models that utilize larvae as well as juveniles and adults, and the model selection results suggest sexual dimorphism in growth patterns. The juvenile and adult catch per unit effort reflected a clear pattern of habitat selectivity, with fish strongly preferring soft‐bottom habitats. Catches in rocky‐reef areas were limited but tended to increase with water temperature. The data also suggest that spotfin croakers segregate themselves sexually during the spawning season, when recreational fishing from jetties will target males and fish caught in bays and estuaries are more likely to be spawning females. These results provide further evidence for the importance of protection and restoration efforts for estuaries and bays along this well‐developed coastline. The growth of larvae captured in plankton tows in July and September 2004 was substantially faster than that of larvae sampled in May, which coincided with warmer sea surface temperatures, highlighting a potentially important relationship relating temperature (and therefore geography) and settlement success. Received April 6, 2011; accepted November 27, 2011
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-5120 , 1942-5120
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/19425120.2012.661392
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2483227-3
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