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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of Fe/Pd multilayers grown by electron-beam evaporation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3965-3970 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of [Fe(20 A(ring))/Pd(x A(ring))]25 multilayers prepared by ultrahigh vacuum electron-beam evaporation are presented. It is found that the crystal structure of Fe layers change from bcc to fcc when the thickness of Pd layers dPd≥36 A(ring). The saturation magnetization per unit Fe volume at 5 K is enhanced and oscillates with the increment of the thickness of Pd layers, due to the polarization of Pd atoms. The magnetic hysteresis loops of samples indicate low coercive forces, and ferromagnetic coupling between the Fe layers for all Pd thicknesses (6–60 A(ring)). The conversion electron Mössbauer spectra measurements proved that the magnetic moment of fcc Fe is the same as that of the bcc Fe. It is also found that the magnetic anisotropy dependence on dPd is similar to that of the saturation magnetization, and relates to the Fe layer structure transition. The Curie temperature of Fe/Pd multilayers decreases monotonously with the increasing of dPd. The low temperature magnetization measurement of Fe/Pd multilayers suggests that the interlayer coupling between Fe layers and polarization of Pd layers influences the temperature dependence of saturation magnetization. No evidence of antiferromagnetic coupling between Fe layers and giant magnetoresistance effect is found. The relationship among structure, polarization of Pd layers, and magnetic coupling is discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358579
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and electro-optical investigation of a vapor-deposited chromophore-polymer thin film (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 2258-2263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonlinear optical films were vapor deposited onto Si(100) and indium-tin-oxide-coated glass. These films are guest-host-type polymer and showed electrooptical (EO) properties after poling. The host polymer is Teflon AF 1600 (AF) and the guest is dimethylaminonitrostilbene (DANS). Deposition is done by coevaporation. EO effects were found in films containing 5–25 vol % DANS. The EO coefficient r33, is found to be a function of composition, poling temperature, and cooling rate during poling. The highest EO coefficient obtained is 2.4 pm/V from a film with 10 vol % DANS and poled at a temperature of 130 °C. Very little or no EO effects were found for films with (approximately-greater-than)25 vol % DANS. This is found to be a result of phase separation and subsequent crystallization of DANS. A decrease of EO effect at higher poling temperature is possibly a result of thermal disorder which was "frozen'' during cooling. DANS was also found to react with Teflon AF 1600 at a higher DANS concentration. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358812
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spreading of perfluoropolyalkylether films on amorphous carbon surfaces (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 3129-3137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spreading of perfluoropolyalkylether thin films on amorphous carbon surfaces has been studied by scanning microellipsometry. Two types of perfluoropolyalkylethers with the same main-chain structure and various molecular weights (between 1000 and 6000 g/mol) were used: Zdol, with OH functional end groups, and Z, with nonfunctional CF3 groups. For Zdol, the thickness of the molecular layers in the spreading profile increase as Mn0.6, where Mn is the mean molecular weight, with the second layer being nearly twice as thick as the first layer. This layered structure was not observed for Z in the molecular weight range under study. As expected, the thickness-dependent diffusion coefficient D(h) was found to decrease with increased molecular weight. Possible molecular conformations near the solid surface are discussed. The spreading of binary blends of Zdol–Zdol, Z–Z, and Zdol–Z were also studied. The results show that the spreading of the binary blend of the same kind of polymer with different molecular weight behaved like that of a lubricant with an intermediate molecular weight. The diffusion coefficient of a blend was found to obey the additivity of viscosity. For Zdol–Z blends, however, the faster moving Z molecules migrate through the network of the slower moving Zdol molecules, and form a monolayer ahead of Zdol. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.477909
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The diffusion of small ions through phospholipid bilayers (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 7218-7226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The passage of the alkali metals Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs through saturated phosphatidylcholine membranes has been measured using particle induced gamma ray and x-ray emission to observe the ions. Simultaneous measurements of these five cations has not been possible with more traditional methods involving ion specific electrodes or radioactive tracers. To the authors' knowledge this is the first time this technique has been used in lipid bilayer research. The ion leakage was determined for an incubation period of 30 min at several temperatures which spanned the bilayer melting temperature. The dependence of this permeability on temperature, acyl chain length, and ion size is described theoretically in terms of the density fluctuations in the bilayer. A leakage rate which depends on the mass of the ion was observed. This dependence shows that the heavier the ion the faster it diffuses out of the vesicle. The effect of this selectivity is shown to be most pronounced near the melting temperature of the lipid. Moreover, this size dependence suggests that the permeating entity is a hydrated ion, rather than a naked ion or a neutral, bound ion pair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.452323
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of chlorophyll with inverted micelles of dodecylpyridinium iodide in toluene (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 94 (1990), S. 1581-1586 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100367a067
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen storage in carbon nitride nanobells (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1552-1554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Aligned carbon nitride (C–N) nanobells in polymer form, prepared by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition, were used as hydrogen adsorbent. A hydrogen storage capacity up to 8 wt % was achieved reproducibly under ambient pressure and at temperature of 300 °C. The high hydrogen storage capacity under the moderate conditions was mainly derived from the short nanobell structure with openended graphitic layers, as well as the nitrogen in the nanobells, which acts as an active site for hydrogen adsorption. The high hydrogen uptake and the simple adsorption–desorption process suggest that a C–N nanobell is promising as a hydrogen storage material. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1402958
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size-controlled short nanobells: Growth and formation mechanism (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 4136-4138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Very short nanofibers containing only a few nanobells have been produced from nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes by two methods, H2 plasma treatment, followed by grinding and oxidation with acidified potassium permanganate. The length of these short nanofibers can be controlled to give a wide range of sizes. The shortest nanofibers are composed of only a single nanobell with dimensions of ∼15 nm in diameter and length. High-resolution transmission electron microscope images reveal that their structures are closed at one end and open at the other. The formation mechanism of these short nanofibers and individual nanobells is discussed along with their potential for interesting nanotube-end physics and chemistry. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1332407
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of amorphous fluoropolymer with metal (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 508-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The bonding structure of an amorphous fluoropolymer, AF 1600, with Al, Ag, Au, and Cu were examined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 100 A(ring) thick films of AF 1600 were deposited on various metal films. AlF3 was found at the AF 1600/Al interface. F detached from the −CF3 functional group of the AF 1600, diffused into the Al/Al2O3 matrix and formed AlF3. The diffusion depth of F is estimated to be (approximately-greater-than)150 A(ring). An Al film was evaporated onto an AF 1600 film. The Al film was then mechanically peeled off and the remaining polymer surface examined. AlF3 was again found. For the spin-on AF 1600 film on Ag, Au, and Cu, no chemical reaction between the metal and the polymer were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112281
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum deposition of nonlinear chromophore-polymer composite thin films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 533-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Novel nonlinear composite thin films containing 4-dialkylamino-4'-nitro-stilbene (DANS) and Teflon AF 1600 have been deposited by vacuum evaporation techniques. Pure DANS thin film, due to its centrosymmetric crystal structure, does not exhibit any electro-optic effect. However, composite thin films of DANS and Teflon AF 1600 with a DANS concentration of 5%–25% (by volume) do exhibit an electro-optic effect after poling. Their electro-optical coefficients are measured to be as large as 2.4 pm/V. X-ray diffraction shows that these composite thin films are in an amorphous state as-deposited as well as after poling. It is argued that the DANS molecules are in their molecular form embedded in the Teflon AF amorphous matrix, thereby allowing the effect of their large molecular hyperpolarizability to be detected. The characterization of the thin films using scanning electron microscopy is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111966
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terahertz optical rectification from a nonlinear organic crystal (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 3080-3082 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report optical rectification and subsequent generation of subpicosecond submillimeter-wave radiation from a nonlinear organic crystalline salt. With optical excitation at a wavelength of 820 nm and a 150 fs pulse duration, the magnitude of the rectified field from the organic salt dimethyl amino 4-N-methylstilbazolium tosylate is one and two orders of magnitude larger than that from GaAs and LiTaO3 crystals, respectively. This organic crystal presently provides the most intense terahertz radiated field among all of the natural nonexternally biased materials we know.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107968
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