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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long range order in 2-D arrays of nanometer-sized Fe islands on CaF2/Si(111) (invited) (abstract) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5056-5056 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effective magnetic moment was measured as a function of Fe island size during the initial stages of Fe growth on CaF2/Si(111) in an ultrahigh vacuum scanning electron microscope equipped with an in situ SMOKE analysis chamber. This substrate was selected for its wide bandgap, chemical inertness, viability of integration into an Si based technology and the availability of nanopatterning using electron beams for producing devices. Fe grown at room temperature initially nucleates into a monodisperse distribution of 3-D islands at very high nucleation densities (8×1012/cm2). Increased Fe coverages lead to 2-D island growth. A room temperature superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition occurs as a function of Fe island radius. Mean field and Monte Carlo calculations illustrate that three distinct magnetic phases exist as a function of island diameter. Ferromagnetic order is present at room temperature when r(approximately-greater-than)3 nm, superparamagnetism is favored when 2 nm 〈 r 〈3 nm, and a frustrated random antiferromagnetic phase exists when r〈2 nm. Further depositions of Ag on superparamagnetic Fe island arrays produce Ag islands which couple the covered Fe island moments in-plane, implying that the Ag mediates the magnetic exchange between individual Fe islands within an Ag island. Implications for 2-D giant magnetoresistance devices will be discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361570
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constraint dynamics for quantum Monte Carlo calculations (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 44-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We describe how to apply classical constraint dynamics to problems in diffusion Monte Carlo. We apply the method to rigid and nonrigid water molecules with an internal rotational degree of freedom. The method is applicable to a wide variety of problems. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481771
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of a-Si:H films studied by Brillouin scattering and nanoindenter (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 6772-6778 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of a-Si:H films has been prepared by rf sputtering in a H2-Ar gas mixture. To obtain films with different hydrogen content the hydrogen portion of the gas mixture was changed from 0% to 20%. The shear modulus μ was then measured by the frequency of the surface phonon (Rayleigh wave). The stiffness S and the ultramicrohardness H were measured by using a nanoindenter. From the shear modulus μ and the stiffness S, the Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio ν were calculated. The intrinsic mechanical stress was measured by the bending-beam method. With increasing hydrogen content of the films, the decrease of Young's modulus, microhardness, and internal stress are observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345064
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The properties of a-C:H films deposited by plasma decomposition of C2H2 (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 487-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diamondlike a-C:H films have been deposited by plasma decomposition of C2 H2. 50 samples were prepared with a systematic variation of the deposition parameters: the substrate bias voltage was between −100 and −1400 V and the C2 H2 gas pressure was between 4×10−4 and 2.6×10−1 mbar. The following properties of the films were measured: the density by Rutherford backscattering, the total concentration of hydrogen by elastic recoil detection, the bonding ratio sp3 /sp2 by infrared spectroscopy, the internal stress by the bending beam method, and the hardness with a Knoop microhardness tester. It has been shown that the hardness and other mechanical properties cannot be correlated to the average carbon coordination number mc. This is because mc is calculated under the assumption of a homogenous single-phase model, which does not seem to be justified. It is demonstrated that the mechanical properties can be explained by the application of a void model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345230
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The deposition and study of hard carbon films (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 3914-3918 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Carbon films have been deposited by rf plasma decomposition of methane at 50–1400 V negative bias and 1.3×10−3–1.3×10−1 mbar pressure. Hardness, internal stress, density, hydrogen content, and infrared absorption depending on the preparation parameters have been measured. From the IR measurements the ratio of sp3 to sp2 bonds was calculated and the total amount of hydrogen in the films was determined by elastic recoil detection (0.5〉H/C〉0.15). We found in the range of bias voltages 0〈||−VB ||〈100 V polymerlike films, in the range 100 V〈||−VB ||〈600 V diamondlike hard carbon films with high internal stress, and in the range 600〈||−VB ||〈1400 V graphitelike soft films with low stress. The density of the diamondlike films was about 2 g/cm3 and of the graphitelike films about 1.4 g/cm3. The microhardness seems to be correlated to the internal mechanical stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343355
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The properties of a-C:H films deposited by bias sputtering of carbon (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 1558-1562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Carbon films were deposited by rf bias sputtering of a carbon target in argon. Bias voltage and argon pressure were varied systematically. Hardness, internal stress, density, hydrogen content, and infrared absorption were measured as functions of the preparation parameters. From the IR measurements the bond ratio of sp3 to sp2 was calculated and the total amount of hydrogen in the films was determined by elastic recoil detection. The hydrogen content was found to be much lower than for films prepared by plasma decomposition of hydrocarbons. Because the film thickness was in the range of 500 nm, the hardness was measured with an ultralow-load diamond indenter. For these measurements the indentation depth was about 60 nm. The internal stress was determined by the bending beam method. The coordination number, number density, and the filling factor were calculated from the measured values. The results have been compared to those for films deposited by plasma decomposition of hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346634
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic constants and hardness of ion-beam-sputtered TiNx films measured by Brillouin scattering and depth-sensing indentation (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 3053-3057 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: TiNx films of various composition have been prepared by reactive-ion-beam sputtering at a deposition temperature of 50 °C. Young's modulus E and hardness H of these films were measured by a depth-sensing nanoindentation technique, whereas the shear modulus G was obtained by a measurement of the velocity of the acoustic surface wave by Brillouin light scattering. The study was extended over a wide range of stoichiometries, 0≤x≤0.8. A proportionality between E and H has been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348963
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced superparamagnetism in two-dimensional arrays of nanometer-sized Fe islands (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2878-2880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Iron grown on room-temperature CaF2/Si(111) substrates form two-dimensional arrays of nanometer-sized superparamagnetic islands. Deposition of Ag on the Fe/CaF2/Si(111) produced a superparamagnetic response where the effective moment was proportional to the number of Fe islands covered by an average-sized Ag island. The nonmagnetic Ag overlayer mediates a long-range exchange between neighboring Fe islands within an individual Ag island. Monte Carlo methods are used to examine ordering in two dimensions and to set minimum interisland coupling strengths. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114815
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-resistivity epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7 thin films with improved microstructure and reduced microwave losses (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 5572-5578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 have been prepared on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates by a high-pressure planar dc-sputtering technique. By covering the substrate heater with a frame of polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7 substantial improvements of the YBa2Cu3O7 film properties were achieved. These are characterized by dc-resistivity values ρ(T) of less than 50 μΩ cm at 100 K and ρ(300 K)/ρ(100 K) values of up to 3.9. Significant deviations from the usual linear ρ(T) behavior were found. Critical temperatures above 90 K, resistive transition widths down to 0.3 K, and critical current densities of about 5 × 106 A/cm2 at 77 K confirm the high quality of the films. As indicated by Rutherford backscattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy the films exhibit a microstructure characterized by a reduced density of lattice defects. However, lattice-coherent precipitates with a diameter of about 5–10 nm were observed. As an outstanding feature the films exhibit, besides the initial steep falloff at Tc, a further gradual decrease of the microwave surface resistance at 87 GHz below 50 K by at least one order of magnitude. These results are very promising for millimeter-wave applications of epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7 thin films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350535
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and crystal structure of Hg3(NbF5)2SO4, Hg3(TaF5)2SO4, and Hg4(Ta2F11)2 (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 26 (1987), S. 689-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00252a012
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