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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Environment-Climate-Human interactions in Southern Morocco during the past 2000 years; inferences from high-resolution marine records : Schlussbericht nach Nr. 3.2 BNBest-BMBF 98 : ECHo 2016-2019 : ECHo PMARS III 2015/100 (2019)
    [Bremen] : [Universität Bremen]
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 Seiten, 8,86 MB) , Diagramme, Illustrationen
    URL: https://doi.org/10.2314/KXP:1767693389
    DOI: 10.2314/KXP:1767693389
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 01DH16030 , Verfasser dem Berichtsblatt entnommen , Laufzeit des Vorhabens: 01.12.2016 - 30.11.2019; Berichtszeitraum: 01.12.2016 - 30.11.2019 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden
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  • 2
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    Intermittent development of forest corridors in northeastern Brazil during the last deglaciation: Climatic and ecologic evidence (2018)
    Elsevier
    In:  Quaternary Science Reviews, 192 . pp. 86-96.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The semi-arid northeastern (NE) Brazil vegetation is largely dominated by Caatinga, one of the largest and richest dry forests in the world. Caatinga is a strategic biome, since it has borders with Cerrado, Atlantic forests and the Amazon, acting as a potential corridor (or barrier) for biotic interchange between these regions during evolutionary times. Therefore, accurate reconstructions of past vegetation, ecological and hydrological changes in this area are critical to understanding the dynamics of biome boundaries that may play an important role in dispersal and diversification mechanisms and, more specifically, the link between the long-term climate variability and tropical biodiversity. Here, we present high-resolution palynological and elemental data from marine core GeoB16205-4 retrieved off the Parnaíba River mouth (NE Brazil) mainly covering the Younger Dryas (YD). We show that the YD interval was predominantly wet in NE Brazil, yet it was not homogenous and two distinct phases could be distinguished. A marked intensification of wet conditions between ∼12.3 and 11.6 cal kyr BP was recorded by the expansion of tropical rainforest and tree ferns. These results are in agreement with the transient TraCE-21k coupled climate model simulation. We infer that the second pluvial phase of the YD is related to a weak AMOC due to meltwater pulses in the North Atlantic, which forces a southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and its associated rainfall. Our records provide new evidence on the establishment of an “eastern forest corridor” in the nowadays semi-arid Caatinga allowing for past biotic interchanges of plant species.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.05.026
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Low- to high-productivity pattern within Heinrich Stadial 1: Inferences from dinoflagellate cyst records off Senegal (2013)
    In:  EPIC3Global and Planetary Change, 106, pp. 64-76, ISSN: 09218181
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-18
    Description: In order to investigate a possible connection between tropical northeast (NE) Atlantic primary productivity, Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), and drought in the Sahel region during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), we used dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages, Mg/Ca based reconstructed temperatures, stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) and geochemical parameters of a marine sediment core (GeoB 9508-5) from the continental slope offshore Senegal. Our results show a two-phase productivity pattern within HS1 that progressed from an interval of low marine productivity between ~ 19 and 16 kyr BP to a phase with an abrupt and large productivity increase from ~ 16 to 15 kyr BP. The second phase is characterized by distinct heavy planktonic δ13C values and high concentrations of heterotrophic dinocysts in addition to a significant cooling signal based on the reconstructions of past sea surface temperatures (SSTs). We conclude that productivity variations within HS1 can be attributed to a substantial shift of West African atmospheric processes. Taken together our results indicate a significant intensification of the North East (NE) trade winds over West Africa leading to more intense upwelling during the last millennium of HS1 between ~ 16 and 15 kyr BP, thus leaving a strong imprint on the dinocyst assemblages and sea surface conditions. Therefore, the two-phase productivity pattern indicates a complex hydrographic setting suggesting that HS1 cannot be regarded as uniform as previously thought.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Atlas of modern dinoflagellate cyst distribution based on 2405 data points (2013)
    In:  EPIC3Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 191, pp. 1-197, ISSN: 00346667
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    Southeast African provenance study (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hahn, Annette; Miller, Charlotte; Andó, Sergio; Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Cawthra, Hayley C; Garzanti, Eduardo; Green, Andrew N; Radeff, Giuditta; Schefuß, Enno; Zabel, Matthias (2018): The provenance of terrigenous components in marine sediments along the east coast of southern Africa. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 19(7), 1946-1962, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017GC007228
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Terrestrial signals in marine sediment archives are often used for paleoclimatic reconstructions. It is therefore important to know the origin of the different terrestrial sedimentary components. The proximity to a river mouth is often the key location to determine the source. Especially in regions with strong ocean currents, such an assumption might,however, lead to considerable misinterpretations. To investigate the source of various terrigenous sediment fractions in southeastern Africa, a region with strong sediment redistribution, we have performed an extensive comparison between terrestrial material (pollen, plant lipids, detrital modes and heavy minerals as well as bulk inorganic geochemical composition) from potential source regions and the same components in the adjacent coastal and continental shelf sediments. Onshore the proxy‐indicators reflect small‐scale diversity in sampling locations and associated environments (riverbank sediments, flood deposits, suspension loads and soils). Nevertheless, the overall trends reflect significant environmental gradients along a SW to NE transect. We note a general comparability of the studied parameters between the continental and marine sediments regardless of their specific differences in transport and depositional characteristics. We propose that the influence of the Agulhas Current affects sediment deposition and distribution only seaward of the mid‐shelf and that pockets of sediment remain preserved in the lee of coastal protrusions where they are protected from erosion. This study provides the essential prerequisite to allow the attribution of temporal variations of compositional changes in marine sediment cores to environmental changes in southeastern Africa.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Pollen analysis of river surface sediment samples and marine sediment cores from southwestern Morocco (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, Xueqin; Dupont, Lydie M; Cheddadi, Rachid; Kölling, Martin; Reddad, Hanane; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Ain-Lhout, Fatima Zohra; Bouimetarhan, Ilham (2019): Recent climatic and anthropogenic impacts on endemic species in southwestern Morocco. Quaternary Science Reviews, 221, 105889, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105889
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Morocco is an area subject to recurrent severe droughts, desertification and an increasing land degradation. It is within a Mediterranean hotspot of biodiversity as it harbors many threatened endemic species such as the argan tree (Argania spinosa). In this context, past climate records are needed to analyze the impact of climate variability on the occurrence and future persistence of these endemic species. In order to evaluate the impact of past climate changes on the endemic Argan tree in southern Morocco, we reconstructed its modern range using an extensive pollen dataset. The modern pollen distribution off southwestern Morocco was then utilized to interpret the high-resolution pollen record with complementary micro-charcoal and XRF element records from a marine sediment core GeoB8601-3 off Cape Ghir in southwestern Morocco covering the last three millennia. This multi-proxy study has shown clear evidence of wetter conditions resulting in higher fluvial input which could be correlated with a negative mode of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), in contrast to the published pollen and XRF element records from another nearby core that showed limited effect of climate changes. On the other hand, clear opposite trend between the pollen occurrences of Argania spinosa and the fire frequency was observed throughout our fossil record. The increase of Argania spinosa pollen occurrences, along with herbaceous taxa, and lower fire frequency might suggest an increase in human impact on the landscape leading to a sparse vegetation cover and subsequently increased erosion. The reconstructed pollen-based vegetation, micro-charcoal-based fire activities and geochemical changes in our marine record suggest interplay of climate and anthropogenic effects on the landscape.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Geographic distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Dinoflagellate cysts are useful for reconstructing upper water conditions. For adequate reconstructions detailed information is required about the relationship between modern day environmental conditions and the geographic distribution of cysts in sediments. This Atlas summarises the modern global distribution of 71 organicwalled dinoflagellate cyst species. The synthesis is based on the integration of literature sources together with data of 2405 globally distributed surface sediment samples that have been preparedwith a comparable methodology and taxonomy. The distribution patterns of individual cyst species are being comparedwith environmental factors that are knownto influence dinoflagellate growth, gamete production, encystment, excystment and preservation of their organic-walled cysts: surface water temperature, salinity, nitrate, phosphate, chlorophyll-a concentrations and bottom water oxygen concentrations. Graphs are provided for every species depicting the relationship between seasonal and annual variations of these parameters and the relative abundance of the species. Results have been compared with previously published records; an overview of the ecological significance as well as information about the seasonal production of each individual species is presented. The relationship between the cyst distribution and variation in the aforementioned environmental parameters was analysed by performing a canonical correspondence analysis. All tested variables showed a positive relationship on the 99% confidence level. Sea-surface temperature represents the parameter corresponding to the largest amount of variance within the dataset (40%) followed by nitrate, salinity, phosphate and bottom-water oxygen concentration, which correspond to 34%, 33%, 25% and 24% of the variance, respectively. Characterisations of selected environments as well as a discussion about how these factors could have influenced the final cyst yield in sediments are included.
    Keywords: Alexandrium tamarense; Ataxiodinium choane; Bitectatodinium spongium; Bitectatodinium tepikiense; Brigantedinium spp.; Calculated; Caspidinium rugosum; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Chlorophyll a, interpolated; Cryodinium meridianum; Dalella chathamensis; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dinoflagellate cyst; Dinoflagellate cyst, reworked; Dissolved oxygen, in water, interpolated; Dubridinium caperatum; Echinidinium aculeatum; Echinidinium bispiniformum; Echinidinium delicatum; Echinidinium granulatum; Echinidinium karaense; Echinidinium spp.; Echinidinium transparantum; Glaphyrocysta semitecta; Gymnodinium catenatum; Gymnodinium nolleri; Impagidinium aculeatum; Impagidinium caspienense; Impagidinium pallidum; Impagidinium paradoxum; Impagidinium patulum; Impagidinium plicatum; Impagidinium sphaericum; Impagidinium strialatum; Impagidinium variaseptum; Impagidinium velorum; Islandinium cezare; Islandinium minutum; LATITUDE; Lejeunecysta oliva; Lejeunecysta sabrina; Lingulodinium machaerophorum; LONGITUDE; MARUM; Nematosphaeropsis labyrinthus; Nitrate, in water, interpolated; Operculodinium centrocarpum; Operculodinium israelianum; Operculodinium janduchenei; Operculodinium longispinigerum; Operculodinium spp.; Pentapharsodinium dalei; Peridinium ponticum; Phosphate, in water, interpolated; Polykrikos kofoidii; Polykrikos schwarzii; Polykrikos var. arctica; Polysphaeridium zoharyi; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Protoperidiniaceae; Protoperidinium americanum; Protoperidinium monospinum; Pyxidinopsis psilata; Pyxidinopsis reticulata; Quinquecuspis concreta; Reference/source; Selenopemphix antarctica; Selenopemphix nephroides; Selenopemphix quanta; Spiniferites bentori; Spiniferites cruciformis; Spiniferites delicatus; Spiniferites elongatus; Spiniferites lazus; Spiniferites membranaceus; Spiniferites mirabilis; Spiniferites pachydermus; Spiniferites ramosus; Spiniferites spp.; SPP1158; Station label; Stelladinium robustum; Stelladinium stellatum; Tectatodinium pellitum; Temperature, annular; Temperature, autumn; Temperature, spring; Temperature, summer; Temperature, winter; Trinovantedinium applanatum; Tuberculodinium vancampoae; Uniform resource locator/link to file; Votadinium calvum; Votadinium spinosum; Xandarodinium xanthum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 230152 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst counts of sediment core GeoB9503-5 (2009)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 288; AGE; Bitectatodinium spongium; Bitectatodinium spp.; Brigantedinium spp.; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Counting, palynology; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dinoflagellate cyst; Dinoflagellates, total; Dinoflagellate spp.; Diplopelta symmetrica; Dubridinium spp.; Echinidinium aculeatum; Echinidinium delicatum; Echinidinium granulatum; Echinidinium spp.; Echinidinium transparantum; Echinidinium zonneveldiae; GeoB9503-5; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Impagidinium aculeatum; Leujeunocysta oliva; Leujeunocysta sabrina; Lingulodinium machaerophorum; M65/1; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Nematosphaeropsis labyrinthus; Operculodinium centrocarpum; Operculodinium israelianum; Pentaspharsodinium dalei; Polykrikos kofoidii; Polykrikos schwarzii; Polysphaeridium zoharyi; Protoperidinium americanum; Protoperidinium cf. americanum; Protoperidinium monospinum; Protoperidinium spp.; Quinquecuspis concreta; Selenopemphix nephroides; Selenopemphix quanta; SL; Spiniferites bentori; Spiniferites bulloides; Spiniferites hyperacanthus; Spiniferites membranaceus; Spiniferites mirabilis; Spiniferites pachydermus; Spiniferites ramosus; Spiniferites spp.; Stelladinium stellatum; Trinovantedinium applanatum; Tuberculodinium vancampoae; Votadinium calvum; Votadinium spinosum; Xandarodinium xanthum; Zygabikodinium lenticulatum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2912 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Pollen analysis of sediment core GeoB9508-5 (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 293; Acacia; AGE; Algae; Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae; Artemisia; Asteroideae; Balanites; Borreria; Boscia-type; Calculated, see reference(s); Caryophyllaceae; Celtis; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Clematis; Counting, palynology; Cuticles; Cyperaceae; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Ephedra distachya-type; Ephedra fragilis-type; Euphorbia-type; Fraxinus; Galium; GeoB9508-5; Gramineae; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Lycopodium; M65/1; MARUM; Mass; Meteor (1986); Mimosa-type; Mitracarpus; Olea; Pinus; Pollen, total; Pollen and spores; Psydrax-type subcordata; Rhamnaceae; Rhizophora; Rubiaceae; Sedimentation rate; SL; Spores; Sporomorphes, total; Typha; Uapaca; Vernonia-type; Volume; Ziziphus
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1352 data points
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  • 10
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    Foraminiferal carbon isotopes and Mg/Ca-based temperature records of sediment core GeoB9508-5 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: 293; Age model; Calculated from Mg/Ca ratios (Elderfield & Ganssen, 2000); Calculated from Mg/Ca ratios (Groeneveld and Chiessi, 2011); Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GeoB9508-5; Globigerina bulloides, Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, δ13C; Globorotalia inflata, Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Globorotalia inflata, δ13C; Gravity corer (Kiel type); ICP-OES, Perkin-Elmer, Optima 3300RL; M65/1; MARUM; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 251; Meteor (1986); SL; Temperature, calculated
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 210 data points
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