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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Global Strategy Journal Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2012-08), p. 188-204
    In: Global Strategy Journal, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2012-08), p. 188-204
    Abstract: I argue that the initial set of firm‐specific assets (FSAs) act as an envelope for the early stages of internationalization of multinational enterprises (MNEs) (of whatever nationality) AND THAT there is a threshold LEVEL of FSAs that IT must possess for such international expansion to be SUCCESSFUL. I also argue that the initial FSAs of an MNE tend to be constrained by the location‐specific (L) assets of the home country. However, beyond different initial conditions, there are few obvious reasons to insist that INFANT developing country MNEs are of unique character THAN ADVANCED ECONOMY MNEs, and I predict that as they evolve, the observable differences between the two groups will diminish. Successful firms will increasingly explore internationalization, but there is also no reason to believe that this is likely to happen disproportionately from the developing countries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2042-5791 , 2042-5805
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2614304-5
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerald ; 2010
    In:  Multinational Business Review Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2010-06-17), p. 35-50
    In: Multinational Business Review, Emerald, Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2010-06-17), p. 35-50
    Abstract: The eclectic paradigm as developed by Dunning evolved in response to the changing IB milieu. I argue that this continual expansion threatens to make the paradigm tautological, without an honest “gatekeeper.” Continual expansion to address new lacunae begins to have decreasing returns, either because the gatekeeper cannot expect to have the specialized knowledge, or because the number of extensions makes the final product unwieldy. I propose a return to a basic eclectic paradigm, which I refer to as “EP‐lite,” that can then be complemented by other frameworks and theories as needed. In a similar vein, the growing number of sub‐categories of ownership advantages does not in itself provide greater clarity. Besides, the “correct” definition of what constitute O advantages is relative to the purpose for which it is being used.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-383X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Emerald
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070887-7
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerald ; 2014
    In:  The Multinational Business Review Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2014-11-17), p. 394-417
    In: The Multinational Business Review, Emerald, Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2014-11-17), p. 394-417
    Abstract: – This paper aims to examine how multinational enterprises (MNEs) and local partners, including suppliers, customers and competitors in China, improve their innovation capabilities through collaboration. This collaboration was analysed as a three-way interaction between the ownership-specific (O) advantages or firm-specific assets (FSAs) of the MNE subsidiary, the FSAs of the local partner and the location-specific assets of the host location. Design/methodology/approach – The propositions are examined through a survey of 320 firms, supplemented with 30 in-depth case studies, based in Mainland China. Findings – It is found that the recombination of asset-type (Oa) FSAs and transaction-type (Ot) FSAs from both partners leads to new innovation-related ownership advantages, or “recombinant advantages”. Ot FSAs, in the form of access to local suppliers, customers or government networks are particularly important for reducing the liability of foreignness for MNEs. Originality/value – The study reveals important patterns of reciprocal transfer, sharing and integration for different asset categories (tacit, codified) and different forms of FSA and explicitly links these to different innovation performance outcomes. The paper reports on these findings, making an empirical contribution in an important context (China-based partnerships). This paper also contributes to conceptual developments, connecting various kinds of FSA, tacit and codifiable assets and “recombinant advantages”. Limited conceptual, methodological and empirical contributions are made in linking asset integration with (measurable) innovation performance outcomes in international partnerships.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-383X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Emerald
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070887-7
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerald ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Emerging Markets Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2018-07-16), p. 586-602
    In: International Journal of Emerging Markets, Emerald, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2018-07-16), p. 586-602
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new theoretical framework called the “extended dual economy model”. Based on the seminal work of Lewis (2014), the author uses it to explain the sectoral specialisation of home countries and their firms and MNEs. Design/methodology/approach The paper is multi-disciplinary and entirely conceptual, with cool ideas but very few numbers and equations. Findings Emerging economies exhibit a “duality” in their economic structure that reflects itself in two largely different sets of location (L) characteristics. They are simultaneously home to both “traditional” sectors, which are resource and labour intensive, as well as “modern” sectors, which are knowledge and capital intensive, each of which can be analysed as having two sub-economies. These different sets of location advantages shape the firm-specific advantages of EMNEs and their FDI. Research limitations/implications This analysis helps to underline what shapes the ability of home countries to “emerge”, and the ability of their firms to grow and their MNEs to become internationally competitive. Few EMNEs can thrive in international markets without concurrent growth in their domestic markets. Maintaining the appropriate location assets to optimally support both types of sectors is costly. Each type of sub-economy requires different kinds of support sectors, infrastructure and policies, with little overlap. Weaknesses in its home country L advantages hinder the long-term competitiveness of their EMNEs. Practical implications Few EMNEs can thrive in international markets without concurrent growth in their domestic markets. Weaknesses in its home country L advantages hinder the long-term competitiveness of their EMNEs. Originality/value The extension of the Lewisian dual economy model allows a number of interesting new insights because it allows us to consider firms, non-firms, informality and the bottlenecks associated with promoting knowledge-intensive sectors in a globalised world. It emphasises structural change, and the need to manage pathways and effectively channel growth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1746-8809
    Language: English
    Publisher: Emerald
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2242085-X
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    United Nations Publications ; 2009
    In:  Transnational Corporations Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2009-12-31), p. 69-89
    In: Transnational Corporations, United Nations Publications, Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2009-12-31), p. 69-89
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-099X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: United Nations Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2259953-8
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    United Nations Publications ; 2019
    In:  Transnational Corporations Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2019-09-19), p. 1-26
    In: Transnational Corporations, United Nations Publications, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2019-09-19), p. 1-26
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-099X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: United Nations Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2259953-8
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Industrial and Business Economics Vol. 47, No. 3 ( 2020-09), p. 499-510
    In: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 47, No. 3 ( 2020-09), p. 499-510
    Abstract: We consider how the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged European small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector, and draw suggests policy implications. The sudden onslaught of the pandemic has acted as an economic shock, and we consider how it is likely to affect different types of manufacturing SMEs. We distinguish between immediate effects, a result of the almost-simultaneous lockdowns across Europe and its major trading partners, and longer-term implications for both SMEs and the global value chains where they are inserted. In the shorter run, most SMEs have faced logistical challenges in addition to demand disruptions, although the severity has differed across firms and industries. We argue that in the longer-term, there will be different challenges and opportunities depending on the type of SME. Policy interventions will also need to be sensitive to the different types of SMEs, rather than adopting a one-size-fits-all approach. The policy mix will need to shift from its initial focus on the survival of European SMEs in the short term, towards a more structural and longer-term approach based on promoting their renewal and growth through innovation, internationalization and networking.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0391-2078 , 1972-4977
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2405030-1
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2004
    In:  Technovation Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2004-2), p. 153-161
    In: Technovation, Elsevier BV, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2004-2), p. 153-161
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0166-4972
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021147-8
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2004
    In:  Research Policy Vol. 33, No. 6-7 ( 2004-9), p. 1062-1063
    In: Research Policy, Elsevier BV, Vol. 33, No. 6-7 ( 2004-9), p. 1062-1063
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0048-7333
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 121149-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491698-8
    SSG: 24
    SSG: 3,2
    SSG: 3,6
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2014
    In:  Long Range Planning Vol. 47, No. 1-2 ( 2014-02), p. 4-15
    In: Long Range Planning, Elsevier BV, Vol. 47, No. 1-2 ( 2014-02), p. 4-15
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0024-6301
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2012759-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 160984-1
    SSG: 3,2
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