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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2005
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 102, No. 22 ( 2005-05-31), p. 7859-7864
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 102, No. 22 ( 2005-05-31), p. 7859-7864
    Abstract: Virtually all functions of a cell are influenced by cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ] increases. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP 3 R) channels, located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), release Ca 2+ in response to binding of the second messenger, IP 3 .IP 3 Rs thus are part of the information chain interpreting external signals and transforming them into cytoplasmic Ca 2+ transients. IP 3 Rs function as tetramers, each unit comprising an N-terminal ligand-binding domain (LBD) and a C-terminal channel domain linked by a long regulatory region. It is not yet understood how the binding of IP 3 to the LBD regulates the gating properties of the channel. Here, we use the expression of IP 3 binding protein domains tethered to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to show that the all-helical domain of the IP 3 R LBD is capable of depleting the ER Ca 2+ pools by opening the endogenous IP 3 Rs, even without IP 3 binding. This effect requires the domain to be within 50 Å of the ER membrane and is impaired by the presence of the N-terminal inhibitory segment on the LBD. These findings raise the possibility that the helical domain of the LBD functions as an effector module possibly interacting with the channel domain, thereby being part of the gating mechanisms by which the IP 3 -induced conformational change within the LBD regulates Ca 2+ release.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2005
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2016
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 113, No. 16 ( 2016-04-19), p. 4314-4319
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, No. 16 ( 2016-04-19), p. 4314-4319
    Abstract: Lenz-Majewski syndrome (LMS) is a rare disease characterized by complex craniofacial, dental, cutaneous, and limb abnormalities combined with intellectual disability. Mutations in the PTDSS1 gene coding one of the phosphatidylserine (PS) synthase enzymes, PSS1, were described as causative in LMS patients. Such mutations render PSS1 insensitive to feedback inhibition by PS levels. Here we show that expression of mutant PSS1 enzymes decreased phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) levels both in the Golgi and the plasma membrane (PM) by activating the Sac1 phosphatase and altered PI4P cycling at the PM. Conversely, inhibitors of PI4KA, the enzyme that makes PI4P in the PM, blocked PS synthesis and reduced PS levels by 50% in normal cells. However, mutant PSS1 enzymes alleviated the PI4P dependence of PS synthesis. Oxysterol-binding protein–related protein 8, which was recently identified as a PI4P-PS exchanger between the ER and PM, showed PI4P-dependent membrane association that was significantly decreased by expression of PSS1 mutant enzymes. Our studies reveal that PS synthesis is tightly coupled to PI4P-dependent PS transport from the ER. Consequently, PSS1 mutations not only affect cellular PS levels and distribution but also lead to a more complex imbalance in lipid homeostasis by disturbing PI4P metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2007
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 104, No. 10 ( 2007-03-06), p. 3793-3798
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, No. 10 ( 2007-03-06), p. 3793-3798
    Abstract: Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5) P 2 ], a phosphoinositide concentrated predominantly in the plasma membrane, binds endocytic clathrin adaptors, many of their accessory factors, and a variety of actin-regulatory proteins. Here we have used fluorescent fusion proteins and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to investigate the effect of acute PI(4,5) P 2 breakdown on the dynamics of endocytic clathrin-coated pit components and of the actin regulatory complex, Arp2/3. PI(4,5) P 2 breakdown was achieved by the inducible recruitment to the plasma membrane of an inositol 5-phosphatase module through the rapamycin/FRB/FKBP system or by treatment with ionomycin. PI(4,5) P 2 depletion resulted in a dramatic loss of clathrin puncta, which correlated with a massive dissociation of endocytic adaptors from the plasma membrane. Remaining clathrin spots at the cell surface had only weak fluorescence and were static over time. Dynamin and the p20 subunit of the Arp2/3 actin regulatory complex, which were concentrated at late-stage clathrin-coated pits and in lamellipodia, also dissociated from the plasma membrane, and these changes correlated with an arrest of motility at the cell edge. These findings demonstrate the critical importance of PI(4,5) P 2 in clathrin coat dynamics and Arp2/3-dependent actin regulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Nature Vol. 529, No. 7586 ( 2016-1), p. 292-293
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 529, No. 7586 ( 2016-1), p. 292-293
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2012
    In:  Science Vol. 337, No. 6095 ( 2012-08-10), p. 727-730
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 337, No. 6095 ( 2012-08-10), p. 727-730
    Abstract: The quantitatively minor phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P 2 ] fulfills many cellular functions in the plasma membrane (PM), whereas its synthetic precursor, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), has no assigned PM roles apart from PI(4,5)P 2 synthesis. We used a combination of pharmacological and chemical genetic approaches to probe the function of PM PI4P, most of which was not required for the synthesis or functions of PI(4,5)P 2 . However, depletion of both lipids was required to prevent PM targeting of proteins that interact with acidic lipids or activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 cation channel. Therefore, PI4P contributes to the pool of polyanionic lipids that define plasma membrane identity and to some functions previously attributed specifically to PI(4,5)P 2 , which may be fulfilled by a more general polyanionic lipid requirement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
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    SSG: 11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2000
    In:  Science Vol. 287, No. 5455 ( 2000-02-11), p. 1037-1040
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 287, No. 5455 ( 2000-02-11), p. 1037-1040
    Abstract: Morphologic polarity is necessary for chemotaxis of mammalian cells. As a probe of intracellular signals responsible for this asymmetry, the pleckstrin homology domain of the AKT protein kinase (or protein kinase B), tagged with the green fluorescent protein (PHAKT-GFP), was expressed in neutrophils. Upon exposure of cells to chemoattractant, PHAKT-GFP is recruited selectively to membrane at the cell's leading edge, indicating an internal signaling gradient that is much steeper than that of the chemoattractant. Translocation of PHAKT-GFP is inhibited by toxin-B from Clostridium difficile , indicating that it requires activity of one or more Rho guanosine triphosphatases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 117, No. 45 ( 2020-11-10), p. 28102-28113
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, No. 45 ( 2020-11-10), p. 28102-28113
    Abstract: Better understanding myelination of peripheral nerves would benefit patients affected by peripheral neuropathies, including Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease. Little is known about the role the Golgi compartment plays in Schwann cell (SC) functions. Here, we studied the role of Golgi in myelination of peripheral nerves in mice through SC-specific genetic inactivation of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB), a Golgi-associated lipid kinase. Sciatic nerves of such mice showed thinner myelin of large diameter axons and gross aberrations in myelin organization affecting the nodes of Ranvier, the Schmidt–Lanterman incisures, and Cajal bands. Nonmyelinating SCs showed a striking inability to engulf small diameter nerve fibers. SCs of mutant mice showed a distorted Golgi morphology and disappearance of OSBP at the cis-Golgi compartment, together with a complete loss of GOLPH3 from the entire Golgi. Accordingly, the cholesterol and sphingomyelin contents of sciatic nerves were greatly reduced and so was the number of caveolae observed in SCs. Although the conduction velocity of sciatic nerves of mutant mice showed an 80% decrease, the mice displayed only subtle impairment in their motor functions. Our analysis revealed that Golgi functions supported by PI4KB are critically important for proper myelination through control of lipid metabolism, protein glycosylation, and organization of microvilli in the nodes of Ranvier of peripheral nerves.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
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    SSG: 11
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  • 8
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 374, No. 6573 ( 2021-12-10)
    Abstract: Cytokinetic membrane abscission is a spatially and temporally regulated process that requires ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport)–dependent control of membrane remodeling at the midbody, a subcellular organelle that defines the cleavage site. Alteration of ESCRT function can lead to cataract, but the underlying mechanism and its relation to cytokinesis are unclear. We found a lens-specific cytokinetic process that required PI3K-C2α (phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2α), its lipid product PI(3,4)P 2 (phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate), and the PI(3,4)P 2 –binding ESCRT-II subunit VPS36 (vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36). Loss of each of these components led to impaired cytokinesis, triggering premature senescence in the lens of fish, mice, and humans. Thus, an evolutionarily conserved pathway underlies the cell type–specific control of cytokinesis that helps to prevent early onset cataract by protecting from senescence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 621, No. 7977 ( 2023-09-07), p. E7-E26
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2010
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 107, No. 18 ( 2010-05-04), p. 8225-8230
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, No. 18 ( 2010-05-04), p. 8225-8230
    Abstract: Phosphoinositides are essential lipid regulators of trafficking and signaling pathways of all eukaryotic cells. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4 P ) is an intermediate in the synthesis of several important phosphoinositide species but also serves as a regulatory molecule in its own right. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases are most abundant in the Golgi but are also found in the plasma membrane and in endocytic compartments. To investigate the role of Golgi PtdIns4 P in orchestrating trafficking events, we used a unique drug-inducible molecular approach to rapidly deplete PtdIns4 P from Golgi membranes by a recruitable Sac1 phosphatase enzyme. The utility of the system was shown by the rapid loss of Golgi localization of PH domains known to bind PtdIns4 P after Sac1 recruitment to the Golgi. Acute PtdIns4 P depletion prevented the exit of cargo from the Golgi destined to both the plasma membrane and the late endosomes and led to the loss of some but not all clathrin adaptors from the Golgi membrane. Rapid PtdIns4 P depletion in the Golgi also impaired but did not eliminate the replenishment of the plasma membrane PtdIns(4,5) P 2 during phospholipase C activation revealing a hitherto unrecognized contribution of Golgi PtdIns4 P to this process. This unique approach will allow further studies on the role of phosphoinositides in endocytic compartments that have evaded detection using the conventional long-term manipulations of inositide kinase and phosphatase activities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2010
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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