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  • Articles  (15)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogeny and distribution of the soxB gene among thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 197 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A PCR protocol for the detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria based on soxB genes that are essential for thiosulfate oxidation by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of various phylogenetic groups which use the ‘Paracoccus sulfur oxidation’ pathway was developed. Five degenerate primers were used to specifically amplify fragments of soxB genes from different sulfur-oxidizing bacteria previously shown to oxidize thiosulfate. The PCR yielded a soxB fragment of approximately 1000 bp from most of the bacteria. Amino acid and nucleotide sequences of soxB from reference strains as well as from new isolates and environmental DNA from a hydrothermal vent habitat in the North Fiji Basin were compared and used to infer relationships of soxB between sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to various 16S rDNA-based phylogenetic groups. Major phylogenetic lines derived from 16S rDNA were confirmed by soxB phylogeny. Thiosulfate-oxidizing green sulfur bacteria formed a coherent group by their soxB sequences. Likewise, clearly separated branches demonstrated the distant relationship of representatives of α-, β-, and γ-Proteobacteria including representative species of the former genus Thiobacillus (now Halothiobacillus–γ-Proteobacteria, Thiobacillus–β-Proteobacteria and Starkeya–α-Proteobacteria). This general picture emerged although apparent evidence for lateral transfer of the soxB gene is indicated and comparison of soxB phylogeny and 16S rDNA phylogeny points to the significance of this gene transfer in hydrothermal vent bacterial communities of the North Fiji Basin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10600.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmoregulation and compatible solutes in eubacteria (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 39 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Osmotic adaption by halophilic and halotolerant bacteria is generally achieved by the accumulation or synthesis of several organic solutes. Accumulation by uptake from the medium is preferred over biosynthesis. The chemical nature of the major solute is important in determining the degree of osmotolerance of the organism. Glycine betaine accumulation confers a greater degree of osmotolerance than proline, which in turn confers more osmotolerance than glutamate accumulation. The occurrence and uptake of these solutes in a variety of eubacteria is reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01843.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quinones of phototrophic purple bacteria (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 25 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The quinone composition of the recognized species of the phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria, the Ectothiorhodospiraceae, and some Chromatiaceae species has been determined. Altogether more than 50 strains of 33 species have been investigated. Some of the purple nonsulfur bacteria have Q-10 as sole quinone component, while others have Q-10, Q-9, or Q-8, respectively, together with menaquinones of the same isoprenoid chain length as the major components. Rhodoquinone is present in Rhodospirillum rubrum and Rhodospirillum photometricum. The Ectothiorhodospira species have either Q-8 and MK-8, like the Chromatiaceae species, or Q-7 and MK-7 as the major components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb01381.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ectothiorhodospira halochloris sp. nov., a new extremely halophilic phototrophic bacterium containing bacteriochlorophyll b (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 114 (1977), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Anaerobic phototrophic bacteria ; Ectothiorhodospira halochloris ; Halophilic bacteria ; Alkaliphilic bacteria ; Sulfide oxidation ; Bacteriochlorophyll b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new bacteriochlorophyll b containing phototrophic bacterium was isolated from extremely saline and alkaline soda lakes in Egypt. Enrichment and isolation were performed using a synthetic medium with high contents of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. Photoautotrophic growth occurred with hydrogen sulfide as photosynthetic electron donor. During oxidation of sulfide to sulfate extracellular elemental sulfur globules appeared in the medium. Cells were also capable to grow under photoheterotrophic conditions with acetate, propionate, pyruvate, succinate, fumarate or malate as carbon sources and electron donors. Under these conditions sulfate was assimilated. Optimal growth under the applied experimental conditions occurred at a total salinity of 14–27%, a pH-range between 8.1 and 9.1 and a temperature between 47°C and 50°C. The cells were 0.5–0.6 μm wide and, depending on cultural conditions, 2.5–8.0 μm long; they were spiral shaped, multiplied by binary fission and were motile by means of bipolar flagella. Intercytoplasmic photosynthetic membranes were present as stacks. Bacteriochlorophyll b was the main photosynthetic pigment; small amounts of carotenoids were mainly present as glucosides of rhodopin and its methoxy derivative. The new organism is described as Ectothiorhodospira halochloris.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410772
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence and evolutionary significance of two sulfate assimilation pathways in the rhodospirillaceae (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 132 (1982), S. 197-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhodopseudomonas ; Rhodospirillum ; Rhodomicrobium ; Rhodocyclus ; Sulfate assimilation ; Sulfonucleotide specifity ; Biochemical preparation of sulfonucleotides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability to use adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS) or 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) as the substrate for the initial reductive step in sulfate assimilation has been tested in most of the known Rhodospirillaceae species and in some chemotrophic bacteria. Improved and optimized methods for the synthesis and purification of the sulfonucleotides APS and PAPS are described. The production of acid volatile radioactivity from 35S-APS and 35S-PAPS was measured under various conditions in the presence and absence of non-labeled sulfate. Specific differences in the ability to reduce APS or PAPS were observed among the Rhodospirillaceae species and also the chemotrophic bacteria. APS was found to be the substrate of the thiolsulfotransferase in Rps. acidophila, Rps. globiformis, Rm. vannielii, Rc. purpureus, R. tenue, Rps. gelatinosa, in Alcaligenes eutrophus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PAPS was the substrate in Rps. capsulata, Rps. sphaeroides, Rps. sulfidophila, Rps. palustris, Rps. viridis, R. rubrum, R. fulvum, in Paracoccus denitrificans and in several Enterobacteriaceae. The presence of different enzymatic systems for sulfate reduction in the Rhodospirillaceae family is compared with their taxonomical grouping and their possible phylogenetic relatedness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00508731
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of salt concentration and temperature on the fatty acid compositions of Ectothiorhodospira and other halophilic phototrophic purple bacteria (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 156 (1991), S. 370-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phototrophic purple bacteria ; Ectothiorhodospira ; Fatty acid composition ; Salt adaptation ; Membrane fluidity ; Bilayer stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Influences of the salt concentration on the fatty acid composition of Ectothiorhodospira species and other phototrophic purple bacteria have been analysed. Major fatty acids in bacteria of the genera Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Chromatium, and Ectothiorhodospira were straight chain saturated and monounsaturated C-16 and C-18 fatty acids. Salt-dependent responses of all investigated bacteria revealed relations to their salt optima. Minimum values of C-16 and saturated fatty acids and maximum values of C-18 and unsaturated fatty acids were found at or close to the salt optima. Responses of Ectothiorhodospira mobilis upon changes in salinity were nearly identical, whether cells were grown in batch culture or in continuous culture with identical dilution rates at all salt concentrations. With increasing temperature, the fatty acid composition of Ectothiorhodospira mobilis and Ectothiorhodospira halophila strains showed decreasing portions of C-18 and of unsaturated fatty acids, while the contents of C-16 and saturated fatty acids increased. The results are discussed with respect to bilayer stabilisation and membrane fluidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248713
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiorhodococcus minus, gen. nov., sp. nov., a new purple sulfur bacterium isolated from coastal lagoon sediments (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 16-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Chromatiaceae ; Thiorhodococcus ; Thiocystis ; Thiocapsa ; Coastal lagoon ; Bacteriochlorophyll a ; Rhodopin ; Phylogenetic ; relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new marine phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium (strain CE2203) was isolated in pure culture from a man-made coastal lagoon located on the Atlantic coast (Arcachon Bay, France). Single cells were coccus-shaped, did not contain gas vesicles, and were highly motile. Intracellular photosynthetic membranes were of the vesicular type. Bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the normal spirilloxanthin series were present as photosynthetic pigments. Hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, and molecular hydrogen were used as electron donors during photolithotrophic growth under anoxic conditions, while carbon dioxide was utilized as carbon source. Acetate, propionate, lactate, glycolate, pyruvate, fumarate, succinate, fructose, sucrose, ethanol, and propanol were photoassimilated in the presence of hydrogen sulfide. During growth on sulfide, elemental sulfur globules were stored inside the cells. Chemotrophic growth under microoxic conditions in the dark was possible. The DNA base composition was 66.9 mol% G+C. Comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the membership of strain CE2203 in the family Chromatiaceae. Morphological characteristics of strain CE2203 indicated a close affiliation to the genera Thiocystis and Thiocapsa. However, the phylogenetic treeing revealed no closer relationship to Thiocystis spp. than to Thiocapsa roseopersicina or other known members of the Chromatiaceae. Consequently, strain CE2203 is proposed as the type strain of a new genus and species, Thiorhodococcus minus gen. nov., sp. nov.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050464
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Towards a phylogeny of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria — the genus Ectothiorhodospira (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 366-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ectothiorhodospira ; Chromatium ; Taxonomy ; Phylogeny ; Evolution of sulfur metabolism ; 16S rRNA cataloguing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seven strains of five species of the genus Ectothiorhodospira were characterized by oligonucleotide cataloguing of their 16S rRNA in order to determine the phylogenetic relationship to one another and to other phototrophic purple bacteria. All representatives of Ectothiorhodospira are members of that line of descent defined by phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria and relatives, showing a moderate relationship to those phototrophic organisms forming globules of elemental sulfur inside the cell (Chromatium and relatives). The 5 Ectothiorhodospira species fall into two subgroups. E.halophila, E. halochloris and E. abdelmalekii form one, E. mobilis, E. shaposhnikovii and the unnamed strain BN 9906 form the second subgroup. Within the two subgroups the strains are closely related, while the degree of relatedness found between members of the two subgroups is more distant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410736
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of salt on the lipid composition of Ectothiorhodospira (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 156 (1991), S. 376-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ectothiorhodospira ; Phospholipids ; Salt adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Major components of polar lipids of halophilic phototrophic Ectothiorhodospira species were PG, CL, PC and PE. PA was only present in minor amounts. According to 14C-incorporation, polar lipids approximated to 75%–93% of the total lipid carbon. With increasing salinity, a strong increase in the portion of PG and a decrease in that of PE (especially in Ectothiorhodospira mobilis BN 9903) and CL (especially in E. halophila strains) were observed. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the excess negative charges of phospholipids upon increasing medium salinity. This increase was most dramatic in the slightly halophilic E. mobilis BN 9903, but quantitatively less important in both strains of E. halophila which had, however, a higher percentage of negative charges of their lipids. During salt-shift experiments, E. halophila BN 9630 responded to suddenly increased salinity by promoting the biosynthesis of PG and decreasing that of PC, CL and PE. Upon dilution stress, responses were reversed and resulted in a strong increase in PE biosynthesis. The effects of lipid charges and bilayer forming forces in stabilizing the membranes of Ectothiorhodospira species during salt stress are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248714
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rhodopseudomonas adriatica sp. nov., a new species of the Rhodospirillaceae, dependent on reduced sulfur compounds (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 256-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhodospirillaceae ; Rhodopseudomonas adriatica ; Taxonomic characterization ; Sulfur metabolism ; Rhodobacter adriaticus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new purple nonsulfur bacterium was isolated from enrichment cultures of a sulfide-containing marine lagoon. The bacterium is similar to Rhodopseudomonas capsulata and is described as a new species of the genus Rhodopseudomonas: Rhodopseudomonas adriatica. Cells are non-motile, 0.5–0.8 μm by 1.3–1.8 μm, and multiply by binary fission. Intracytoplasmic membranes are of the vesicular type. The photosynthetic pigments are bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spheroidene group. Growth is possible anaerobically in the light and at low pO2 in the dark. Biotin and thiamine are required as growth factors. A wide variety of organic compounds, as well as sulfide and thiosulfate, are used as photosynthetic electron donors. Sulfide is oxidized to elemental sulfur, which is subsequently converted to sulfate, whereas thiosulfate oxidation occurs without measurable intermediate. Rhodopseudomonas adriatica is unable to assimilate sulfate, growth is only possible in the presence of a reduced sulfur compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414554
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