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  • scanning electron microscopy  (3)
  • 1
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    Vestured pits: a diagnostic character in the secondary xylem of Myrtales (2008)
    In:  Journal of Tropical Forest Science vol. 20 no. 4, pp. 147-155
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Vestures are small projections from the secondary cell wall associated with tracheary elements of the secondary xylem. They are usually associated with bordered pits and characterize various angiosperm families, including important timber species such as Dipterocarpaceae and Eucalyptus trees. The micromorphology and distribution of vestures were studied in 22 species representing all families within the order Myrtales based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Vestures are consistently present near the outer pit aperture of bordered vessel pits, suggesting the synapomorphic character of this feature for the entire order. It is unclear in which geological period this feature originated in the evolution of the pre-Myrtalean lineages. In some species vestures are associated with inner pit apertures, inner vessel walls, simple perforation plates, depressions of the cell wall and bordered pits of tracheids or fibre-tracheids. A compact network of branched vestures almost completely filling the entire pit chamber is the most common vestured pit type in Myrtales, although considerable variation may occur within a wood sample. The micromorphology of vestures seems to some extent correlated with quantitative pit characters. Understanding the exact function of vestured pits with respect to hydraulic efficiency and safety remains a challenge.
    Keywords: vestures ; wood anatomy ; bordered pits ; Myrtales ; scanning electron microscopy ; light microscopy ; tracheary elements
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Comparative Wood Anatomy of the Primuloid Clade (Ericales s.l.) (2005)
    In:  Systematic Botany vol. 30 no. 1, pp. 163-183
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The wood structure of 78 species from 27 genera representing the woody primuloids (Maesaceae, Myrsinaceae, and Theophrastaceae) was investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that the ray structure, the nature of mineral inclusions, and the occurrence of breakdown areas in rays can be used to separate the three primuloid families from each other. Within Ericales, the presence of exclusively multiseriate rays is synapomorphic for Myrsinaceae and Theophrastaceae, and the occurrence of breakdown areas in rays is synapomorphic for Myrsinaceae. Within Myrsinaceae, the wood structure of the mangrove genus Aegiceras differs because it has short vessel elements that are storied, non-septate fibers, a combination of low uni- and multiseriate rays, and multiseriate rays with exclusively procumbent body ray cells. The aberrant wood anatomy of Coris and Lysimachia can be explained by their secondary woodiness. Within Theophrastaceae, Clavija and Theophrasta can be distinguished from Bonellia, Jacquinia, and Deherainia. The recent division of Jacquinia s.l. into Jacquinia s.s. and Bonellia is supported by a difference in mineral inclusions.
    Keywords: primuloids ; Ericales s.l. ; Maesaceae ; Myrsinaceae ; Theophrastaceae ; wood anatomy ; comparison ; light microscopy ; scanning electron microscopy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    The phylogenetic significance of vestured pits in Boraginaceae (2010)
    In:  TAXON vol. 59 no. 2, pp. 510-516
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The bordered pit structure in tracheary elements of 105 Boraginaceae species is studied using scanning electron microscopy to examine the systematic distribution of vestured pits. Forty-three species out of 16 genera show a uniform presence of this feature throughout their secondary xylem. Most vestures are small, unbranched and associated with the outer pit aperture of bordered intervessel pits. The feature is likely to have originated independently in the distantly related subfamilies Boraginoideae (tribe Lithospermeae) and Ehretioideae. The distribution of vestures in Ehretia agrees with recent molecular phylogenies: (1) species with vestured pits characterise the Ehretia I group (incl. Rotula), and (2) species with non-vestured pits belong to the Ehretia II group (incl. Carmona). The occurrence of vestured pits in Hydrolea provides additional support for excluding this genus from Hydrophylloideae, since Hydrolea is the only species of this subfamily with vestured pits. Functional advantages of vestured pits promoting parallel evolution of this conservative feature are suggested. The hydraulic benefits of poorly developed vestures remain underinvestigated.
    Keywords: Boraginaceae ; Boraginoideae ; bordered pit ; Ehretioideae ; scanning electron microscopy ; vestures
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
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