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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and fine structural features of the basilar papilla in ambystomatid salamanders (amphibia; caudata) (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 187 (1986), S. 181-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The morphology and fine structure of the basilar recess and basilar papilla were investigated in four species of salamanders from the family Ambystomatidae. The otic relationships of the recess and papilla to the proximal part of the lagena and saccule are described, and new terminology is suggested for the periotic relationships of the basilar recess to a diverticulum of an intracapsular periotic sac. The basilar papilla consists of supporting cells united laterally by gap junctions, capped by microvilli uniformly arranged around a short, central cilium, and hair cells that typically show several synapses with a single afferent nerve fiber, each marked by a rounded synaptic body surrounded by vesicles. In contrast to anuran basilar papillae, efferent nerve terminals were observed in synapse with hair cells and, rarely, upon afferent fibers. The distal half of the ambystomatid papilla contained hair cells capped by tall ciliary bundles, with kinocilia that show swellings near their tips with delicate attachments to adjacent tall stereocilia. A tectorial body covers only this region of the papilla. Hair cells with shorter stereocilia, situated in the proximal half and at the papillar margins, are related only to filamentous extensions of the tectorial body. The ambystomatid basilar recess and papilla are compared to auditory end-organs in other vertebrates, and it is suggested that a basic distinction can be made between aural neuroepithelia in amniotes versus that in nonamniotic vertebrate ears.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051870206
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative features of the surface morphology of the basilar papilla in five families of salamanders (amphibia; caudata) (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 187 (1986), S. 201-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The surface morphology of the basilar recess and papilla was examined in 14 species of newts and salamanders selected from the five families of urodeles (Ambystomatidae, Salamandridae, Hynobiidae, Cryptobranchidae, and Amphiumidae) known to have this end-organ. In this sampling, the general organization of basilar structures is essentially similar across species investigated. The recess forms a tubular diverticulum of the proximal part of the lagena. One wall of the recess is associated with a diverticulum of the intracapsular periotic sac, and an adjacent wall is occupied by the basilar papilla. The papilla contained from as few as five hair cells in specimens of Taricha torosa to over 200 hair cells in Cryptobranchus allegheniensis. In most species, the papilla showed a morphological continuum between tall centrally or distally placed ciliary bundles and short ciliary bundles near the papillar margins. In certain species examined, tall bundles had kinocilia with swellings near their tips. Most forms showed a tendency to have groups of ciliary bundles morphologically polarized either toward or away from the saccule. In Cryptobranchus and Dicamptodon, many bundles had a random orientation. The gross and fine structural features of the basilar complex are compared in urodeles and anurans, and “generalized” features for the amphibian basilar complex are suggested. The basilar complex of Cryptobranchus is interpreted as being most generalized, representing a structural form from which most features of the basilar complex in other urodeles and anurans can be derived.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051870207
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The accessory nerve nucleus in the baboon (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 214 (1986), S. 312-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the savanna baboon, Papio cynocephalus, the accessory nerve nucleus was identified by using a mixture of 20% free horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and 2.5% HRP conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) in a 5% aqueous detergent solution (Nonidet P-40). Following surgical exposure of the appropriate nerve branch to the sternocleidomastoid or trapezius muscle, the nerve was transected, placed in an Argyle tubing collar, and bathed in 5-10 μl of the tracer. After a 48-hour survival time and vascular perfusion-fixation, 40-μm sections of the lower medulla oblongata and the cervical spinal cord were treated according to the tetramethyl benzidine (TMB)-HRP method of Mesulam (J. Histochem. Cytochem. 26:106-117, 1978). The accessory nucleus extends as a distinct column of neurons from lower medullary levels into the rostral part of C5. One to ten labeled cells were present in each section, and all labeled neurons were located on the side of the bathed nerve. The rostral portion of the accessory nucleus occupies a central position, its intermediate portion occupies a lateral position, and its caudal portion occupies a central position within the ventral horn. All labeled neurons were confined to Rexed's lamina IX, ranged from 15 to 75 μm in diameter, and were either distinctly round (oval) or stellate in shape. Neurons within the baboon accessory nucleus supplying the sternocleidomastoid muscle were located from lower medullary to upper C2 spinal cord levels, while those supplying the trapezius muscle extended from C2 to C5.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092140311
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined use of immunocytochemical techniques and ligand-gold complexes for investigation of platelet membrane responses to surface activation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 28 (1994), S. 308-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Glycoproteins ; Spread cells ; GPIIb-IIIa ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Exposure of blood platelets to foreign surfaces results in dramatic changes in physical appearance and conversion from a non-sticky to an adhesive state. Membrane glycoproteins and cytoskeletal assembly play a pivotal role in these interactions. Cytochemical techniques commonly applied for demonstration of macromolecules in tissues have been used for the localization of target glycoproteins on spread cells. The present review examines different experimental strategies and immunocytochemical techniques that can be combined to better understand the organization of platelet receptors during surface activation. Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (GPIIb-IIIa) was localized by immunocytochemical techniques on fixed, surface-activated platelets. The distribution of functional fibrinogen receptors expressed on GPIIb-IIIa was revealed by incubation of fixed platelets with fibrinogen-gold conjugates (Fgn/Au). The movement of receptor complexes was investigated in additional experiments in which surface-activated platelets were interacted with Fgn/Au and then fixed at different periods. The overall impression of these observations suggests that fibrinogen receptors on surface-activated platelets do not redistribute spontaneously and that particulates (gold particles), rather than fibrinogen, may trigger the movement. These results are presented in detail and their significance discussed in the light of current theory. Applications and limitations of such techniques are also discussed. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070280407
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A light and scanning electron microscopic study of the basilar papilla in the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinumThis research was supported by Research Grant NB 07860 from the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, United States Public Health Service. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 151 (1978), S. 437-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The basilar papilla and basilar recess of Ambystoma tigrinum have been investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The recess is an evagination of the lagena, and is invested externally by dense periotic connective tissue, except over a thin area of one wall abutting against a periotic diverticulum communicating with the periotic sac. The surface and histological features of the non-sensory lining epithelium are described. The basilar papilla occupies both slopes of an elevation adjacent to the thin wall of the recess, and consists of 40 to 80 sensory cells interposed between sustentacular cells. The sensory cells are innervated by 30 to 40 nerve fibers exhibiting two ranges of diameter, and they are capped by typical ciliary bundles that are taller at the center of the receptor than at its periphery. Bundles in the proximal and distal halves of the papilla are polarized, respectively, toward the saccule and toward the thin wall in contact with the periotic diverticulum; this divergent pattern of polarization has not been reported previously in the basilar papilla of other vertebrates. A tectorial body overlies only the bundles in the distal half of the receptor, and is attached to both the neuroepithelium and the opposite wall of the recess. Functional considerations are discussed, and comparisons are made with conditions reported in frogs and toads. The findings suggest that the basilar papilla and recess in caudate and anuran amphibians arose from common precursors and probably function in a similar manner.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001510307
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