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  • Fracture risk prediction  (1)
  • Vertebral fractures  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone mass and beyond: Risk factors for fractures (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 53 (1993), S. S134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone densitometry ; Anthropometric measurements ; Fracture risk prediction ; Risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Numerous prospective studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between bone mass and fracture risk. The fact that the bone mass distributions of fracture and nonfracture cases overlap does not necessarily indicate a shortcoming of bone mass, but might instead be due to the sporadic nature of falls and the influence of other fracture risk factors. The recent finding that prevalent fractures are strong predictors of fracture risk, independent of bone mass, suggests (but does not prove) that there may be other, potentially measurable fracture risk factors that complement, and act independently of, bone mass. This paper reviews possible mechanisms by which prevalent fractures might serve as etiologic risk factors, or as surrogate indicators of other risk factors. Potential risk factors other than bone mass and prevalent fractures are also considered. Whether or not etiologic fracture risk factors other than bone mass can be identified, it appears that treatments that influence bone will be most effective if begun early,before bone strength becomes impaired and fractures begin to occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01673422
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ability of vertebral dimensions from a single radiograph to identify fractures (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 51 (1992), S. 95-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; Vertebral fractures ; Morphology ; Prospective studies ; Fracture prevalence, incidence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary It has been proposed that vertebral dimensions be used to objectively identify vertebral fractures, permitting standardization of methodology for comparisons between studies. In this report, we evaluate the ability of various vertebral dimensions and ratios to identify “abnormal” vertebrae. As no “gold standard” exists for prevalent vertebral fractures, we examined the ability of cross-sectional dimensions (at a single point in time) to detect fractured vertebrae that had been identified from changes in dimensions compared with previous radiographs. Theoretically, a cutoff of 3 SD below the mean will rarely misclassify normal vertebrae as fractured (specificity=99.9%). However, we found that this cutoff correctly identified only about 70% of the incident fractures. A less stringent criterion (2 SD below the mean; theoretical specificity=97.7%) identified about 85–90% of true fractures. Dividing by stature or other vertebral heights sometimes yielded marginal improvements in the ability of the anterior or posterior height dimensions to diagnose fractures. The results suggest that the true fracture prevalence may sometimes be substantially higher than suggested by cross-sectional vertebral measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298495
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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