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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Sympathetic nerve ; Superior cervical ganglion ; Cerebral arteries ; Wheat germ agglutininhorseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To clarify the projection route and the expansion of the terminal plexus of the sympathetic nerve fibers innervating the cerebral arterial system in rat, we labeled the postganglionic fibers originating in the superior cervical ganglion and traced their entire course by anterograde labeling with wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. Sympathetic innervation of the internal cerebral artery by labeled fibers actually began just at the portion where it enters the intradural space, and innervated it up to the small pial arteries located in the subarachnoid space, but not the intracerebral arterioles. On the main arteries in the circle of Willis, bundles of nerve fibers ran parallel to the long axis of the vessels and branched perpendicularly their terminal twigs with regular intervals to form a rib-structure pattern. On the arterial branches derived from the circle of Willis, a fine nerve bundle and delicate terminal axons formed a meshwork instead of a rib-structure pattern. These observations confirmed the existence of differences in the distribution pattern of the nerve plexus, which strongly affects the strength and quality of vasoconstriction by sympathetic activation in each level of the cerebral arterial system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Sympathetic nerve ; Superior cervical ganglion ; Cerebral arteries ; Reinnervation ; WGA-HRP anterograde labeling ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to clarify the manner in which previously denervated cerebral arteries become reinnervated after unilateral excision of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG), we observed directly the reinnervating sympathetic nerve fibers originating in the contralateral SCG by using anterograde labeling with wheat germ aggulutinin-horseradish peroxidase in rats. The nerve fibers sprouted from the nerve fibers in the contralateral anterior cerebral artery and reinnervated the arterial wall of the anterior cerebral artery of the denervated side as early as one week after ganglionectomy. In addition to this sprouting route, three other reinnervating nerve fiber routes were observed in the circle of Willis of the denervated side two weeks after ganglionectomy: the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery, the route passing between bilateral ethmodial arteries, and the posterior communicating artery. Eight weeks after ganglionectomy, these reinnervating nerve fibers formed a fairly dense plexus in a circular pattern in the circle of Willis. However, the reinnervation could not be observed in the arterial branches derived from the circle of Willis (middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery) even 16 weeks after ganglionectomy. The present results clearly demonstrated the time course, distribution pattern and limitation of the reinnervation from the contralateral SCG following unilateral ganglionectomy. The fact that reinnervation could be observed only in the main cerebral arteries of the circle of Willis, in which the nerve plexus appeared to have a circular pattern, suggests a difference between the qualities of sympathetic innervation controlling the cerebral circulation in these arteries and the other arterial branches related to these differences in reinnervation capacity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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