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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berkeley :University of California Press,
    Keywords: Geology--Sierra Nevada (Calif. and Nev.)--History. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: From ski towns to national parks, fresh fruit to environmental lawsuits, the Sierra Nevada has changed the way Americans live. Whether and where there was gold to be mined redefined land, mineral, and water laws. Where rain falls (and where it doesn't) determines whose fruit grows on trees and whose appears on slot machines. All this emerges from the geology of the range and how it changed history, and in so doing, changed the country.   The Mountains That Remade America combines geology with history to show how the particular forces and conditions that created the Sierra Nevada have effected broad outcomes and influenced daily life in the United States in the past and how they continue to do so today. Drawing connections between events in historical geology and contemporary society, Craig H. Jones makes geological science accessible and shows the vast impact this mountain range has had on the American West.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (359 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780520964235
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- Prologue -- Introduction -- 1 An Asymmetric Barrier -- 2 A Golden Trinity -- 3 A Placer for Everyone -- 4 Fossil Rivers, Modern Water -- 5 Lode Gold -- 6 "A Property of No Value -- 7 Granite, Guardian of Wilderness -- 8 Big Trees, Big Battles -- 9 Mountains Adrift -- 10 What Lies Beneath -- 11 Paradoxes and Proxy Wars -- Notes -- References -- Illustration Sources -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Airway smooth muscle ; Patch-clamp ; Ca2+-activated K+ channels ; ATP sensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels were studied in membranes of cultured rabbit airway smooth muscle cells, using the patch-clamp technique. In cell-attached recordings, channel openings were rare and occurred only at very positive potentials. Bradykinin (10 μM), an agonist which releases Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, transiently increased channel activity. The metabolic blocker 2,4-dinitrophenol (20 μM), which lowers cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, induced a sustained increase of channel activity in cell-attached patches. In excised patches, these channels had a slope conductance of 155 pS at 0 mV, were activated by depolarization and by increasing the Ca2+ concentration at the cytoplasmic side above 10−7 mol/l. ATP, applied to the cytoplasmic side of the patches, dose-dependently decreased the channel's open-state probability. An inhibition constant (K i) of 0.2 mmol/l was found for the ATP-induced inhibition. ATP reduced the Ca2+ sensitivity of the channel, shifting the Ca2+ activation curve to the right and additionally reducing its steepness. Our results demonstrate that cytoplasmic ATP inhibits a large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel in airway smooth muscle. This ATP modulation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels might serve as an important mechanism linking energy status and the contractile state of the cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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