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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth parameters (K s, μmax, Y s) of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 127 (1980), S. 59-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum ; Growth rates ; Growth yields ; Nickel ; Maintenance coefficient ; Interspecies hydrogen transfer ; Saturation constants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum was grown on a mineral salts medium in a fermenter gassed with H2 and CO2, which were the sole carbon and energy sources. Under the conditions used the bacterium grew exponentially. The dependence of the growth rate (μ) on the concentration of H2 and CO2 in the incoming gas and the dependence of the growth yield ( $$Y_{CH_4 }$$ ) on the growth rate were determined at pH 7 (the pH optimum) and 65° C (the temperature optimum). The curves relating growth rate to the H2 and CO2 concentration were hyperbolic. From reciprocal plots apparent K s values for H2 and CO2 and μmax were obtained: app. $$K_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} }$$ = 20%; app. $$K_{{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}} }$$ = 11%; μ = 0.69 h-1; t δ (max)=1 h. $$Y_{CH_4 }$$ was 1.6 g mol-1 and almost independent of the growth rate, when the rate of methane formation was not limited by the supply of either H2 or CO2. The yield increased to near 3 g mol-1 when H2 or CO2 were limiting. These findings indicate that methane formation and growth are less tightly coupled at high concentrations of H2 or CO2 in the medium than at low concentrations. The physiological significance of these findings is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414356
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum requirement for growth of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 123 (1979), S. 105-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nickel ; Cobalt ; Molybdenum ; Iron ; Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum ; Trace elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum on H2 and CO2 as sole energy and carbon sources was found to be dependent on Ni, Co, and Mo. At low concentrations of Ni (〈100 nM), Co (〈10 nM) and Mo (〈10 nM) the amount of cells formed was roughly proportional to the amount of transition metal added to the medium; for the formation of 1 g cells (dry weight) approximately 150 nmol NiCl2, 20 nmol CoCl2 and 20 nmol Na2MoO4 were required. A dependence of growth on Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca, Al, and B could not be demonstrated. Conditions are described under which the bacterium grew exponentially with a doubling time of 1.8 h up to a cell density of 2 g cells (dry weight)/1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403508
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucose fermentation to acetate, CO2 and H2 in the anaerobic hyperthermophilic eubacterium Thermotoga maritima: involvement of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 161 (1994), S. 460-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Thermotoga maritima ; Hyperthermophiles ; (Eu)Bacteria ; Glucose fermentation ; Acetate formation ; Embden-Meyerhof pathway ; Hexokinase ; Phosphofructokinase ; Acetake kinase ; Sulfur reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The hyperthermophilic anaerobic eubacterium Thermotoga maritima was grown on glucose as carbon and energy source. During growth 1 mol glucose was fermented to 2 mol acetate, 2 mol CO2 and 4 mol H2. The molar growth yicld on glucose (Yglucose) was about 45 g cell dry mass/mol glucose. In the presence of elemental sulfur growing cultures of T. maritima converted 1 mol glucose to 2 mol acetate, 2 mol CO2 about 0.5 mol H2 and about 3.5 mol H2S. Yglucose was about 45 g/mol. Cell extracts contained all enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway: hexokinase (0.29 U/mg, 50°C), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (0.56 U/mg, 50°C), phosphofructokinase (0.19 U/mg, 50° C), fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (0.033 U/mg, 50°C), triosephosphate isomerase (6.3 U/mg, 50°C), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+ reducing: 0.63 U/mg, 50°C), phosphoglycerate kinase (3.7 U/mg, 50°C), phosphoglycerate mutase (0.4 U/mg, 50°C); enolase (4 U/mg, 80°C), pyruvate kinase (0.05 U/mg, 50°C). Furthermore, cell extracts contained pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductasee (0.43 U/mg, 60°C); NADH: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (benzylviologen reduction: 0.46 U/mg, 80°C); hydrogenase (benzylviologen reduction: 15 U/mg, 80°C), phosphate acetyltransferase (0.13 U/mg, 80°C), acetate kinase (1.2 U/mg, 55°C), lactate dehydrogenase (0.16 U/mg, 80°C) and pyruvate carboxylase (0.02 U/mg, 50°C). The findings indicate that the hyperthermophilic eubacterium T. maritima ferments sugars (glucose) to acetate, CO2 and H2 involving the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase. Thus, the organism differs from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus which ferments sugars to acetate, CO2 and H2 involving a modified non-phosphorylated Entner-Doudoroff pathway and acetyl-CoA synthetase (ADP forming).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307766
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