In:
Current Protocols in Toxicology, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 1 ( 2012-02)
Abstract:
Developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) occurs when exposure to environmental risk factors prior to adulthood, including chemical, biological, physical, or physiological factors, alters immune system development. DIT may elicit suppression, hyperactivation, or misregulation of immune responses and may present clinically as decreased resistance to pathogens, allergic and autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Immunotoxicity testing guidelines established by the Environmental Protection Agency for adult animals (OPPTS 8703.7800) require functional tests and immunophenotyping that are suitable for detecting immunomodulation, especially immunosuppression. However, evaluating immune function in offspring that are not fully immunocompetent yields results that are challenging to interpret. Therefore, this unit will describe an optimum exposure scenario, reference two assays (immunophenotyping and histopathology) appropriate for detecting immunomodulation in weaning‐age offspring, and reference four assays (immunophenotyping, histopathology, T cell‐dependent antibody responses, and delayed‐type hypersensitivity) appropriate for detecting immunomodulation in immunocompetent offspring. The protocol also will reference other assays (natural killer cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte) with potential utility for assessing DIT. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol . 51:18.15.1‐18.15.14. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1934-9254
,
1934-9262
DOI:
10.1002/0471140856.2012.51.issue-1
DOI:
10.1002/0471140856.tx1815s51
Language:
English
Publisher:
Wiley
Publication Date:
2012
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2179079-6
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