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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ability of the earthworms Aporrectodea rosea and Aporrectodea trapezoides to increase plant growth and the foliar concentration of elements in wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. spear) in a sandy loam soil (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 18 (1994), S. 150-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Earthworm ; Aporrectodea rosea ; Aporrectodea trapezoides ; Wheat ; Foliar concentration ; Trace elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a greenhouse study, the ability of the earthworms Aporrectodea rosea and A. trapezoides to influence the foliar concentration of elements and the growth of wheat plants was assessed 27 days after sowing in a sandy loam soil. The presence of A. rosea and A. trapezoides (at densities equivalent to 314 and 471 m-2, respectively) caused a significant increase in the shoot dry weight of wheat. The presence of A. rosea and A. trapezoides (at densities equivalent to 314 and 157 m-2, respectively) was also associated with a significant increase in the root dry weight of wheat. The presence of A. rosea caused a significant increase in the foliar concentration of Ca, Cu, K, Mn, N, Na, and P, but did not influence the foliar concentration of Al, B, Fe, Mo, Mg, S, and Zn. The presence of A. trapezoides was associated with a significant increase in the foliar concentration of Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, N, and Na, but did not influence the foliar concentration of B, Cu, Mo, Mg, P, S, and Zn. These results demonstrate the potential of A. rosea and A. trapezoides to increase the growth of wheat in a sandy loam soil and suggest that the mechanism by which they increased plant growth was, in part, through increasing the availability and uptake of nutrients from this soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336462
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced root nodulation of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) byRhizobium leguminosarium biovartrifolii in the presence of the earthwormAporrectodea trapezoides (Lumbricidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 18 (1994), S. 169-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Earthworm ; Rhizobium ; Nodulation ; Dispersal ; Subterranean clover ; Aporrectodea trapezoides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a greenhouse study, the effect of the earthwormAporrectodea trapezoides on root nodulation in seedlings of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) was examined in the presence and absence of addedRhizobium leguminosarium biovartrifolii (strain NA 30). WhenR. trifolii NA 30 was inoculated into dung and placed on the soil surface, the total number of root nodules was five times greater (P〈0.001) in the presence of earthworms than without earthworms and the number of nodules on the primary root of the plants 2–8 cm below the soil surface was 4 to 6 times greater (P〈0.001) in the presence of earthworms. The additional nodulation did not affect plant growth or foliar N. When NA30 was dispersed through the soil at the beginning of the experiment, the presence of earthworms did not influence the level of root nodulation. The presence of earthworms increased root dry weight by 20–30%, plant top weight by up to 125% (P〈0.001), and foliar N by 5–25% (P〈0.001). Surface-applied dung increased the dry weight of plant tops (2-to 3-fold,P〈0.001) but did not affect the concentration of foliar N (P〈0.005).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00647663
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agronomic evaluation of tissue-culture-derived soybean plants (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 633-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merr ; Somaclonal variation ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genetic alterations of regenerated plants based on the tissue culture process (somaclonal variation) have become common for many plant species including soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The objective of this study was to test for the presence of tissue-culture-derived genetic variation in eight agronomic traits in homozygous progeny regenerated by organogenesis using the commercially important cultivar Asgrow ‘A3127.’ A total of 86 lines derived by repeated self-pollination of nine regenerated plants was grown in two locations for 2 years. When compared to the unregenerated parent, statistically significant variation (P〈0.05) was found for maturity, lodging, height, seed protein and oil, but not for seed quality, seed weight, or seed yield. All of the variation noted was beneficial and did not involve decreased yield. Since the differences were not large, the results indicate that the tissue culture process is not necessarily detrimental to plant performance, which is an important consideration since tissue culture techniques are used in many genetic engineering methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226802
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron-deficiency chlorosis evaluation of soybean with tissue culture (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 80 (1990), S. 417-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merr ; Iron-deficiency chlorosis ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The objectives of this study were: (i) to develop a tissue culture technique for the evaluation of Fe efficiency in soybean, and (ii) to compare the laboratory technique with field Fe chlorosis scores. Nineteen genotypes that had low and high levels of Fe efficiency were evaluated in the laboratory and at five field locations. Friable callus was induced from epicotyl sections, weighed, and placed on two different modified Murashige and Skoog media; one low in α-naphthaleneacetic acid and the other low in Fe. Callus growth was rated as lack of growth compared to respective controls. As an example, Fe-inefficient cultivars (‘Asgrow A3205’ and ‘Pride B216’) had significantly reduced growth compared to Fe-efficient germ plasm lines (‘All’ and ‘A14’). Correlation between the laboratory and field chlorosis rating was highest for the low auxin medium (r 2 = 0.78), although correlation for the low Fe medium was also significant (r 2 = 0.72). These results show that in vitro evaluation for Fe efficiency can be a useful tool for plant breeders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210082
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion lesions of the rat cortex result in retrograde degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons: Implications for animal models of neurodegenerative disease (1987)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 12 (1987), S. 613-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Cholinergic neurons ; neurotoxins ; retrograde degeneration ; nucleus basalis ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Multiple injections of 2 nmols of cyclised ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (ECMA), a putative cholinergic neurotoxin, were made (unilaterally) into the cortical terminal field of cholinergic neurons projecting from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) in the rat basal forebrain. After 30 days, choline acetyltransferase enzymatic activity, a marker for cholinergic function, was significantly lowered in both ipsilateral cortex and NBM, and cholinergic cell bodies in the latter reduced in cross-sectional area, a spectrum of effects characteristic of retrograde degeneration of this pathway. These results are discussed in the context of neurodegenerative diseases affecting cholinergic function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00971009
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of thermals in the convective boundary layer (1980)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 19 (1980), S. 509-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Detailed measurements of the structure of thermals throughout the convective boundary layer were obtained from the NCAR Electra aircraft over the ocean during the Air Mass Transformation Experiment (AMTEX). Humidity was used as an indicator of thermals. The variables were first high-pass filtered with a 5 km cutoff digital filter to eliminate mesoscale variations. Segments of the 5 min (30 km length) horizontal flight legs with humidity greater than half the standard deviation of humidity fluctuations for that leg were defined as thermals. This was found to be a better indicator of thermals than temperature in the upper part of the boundary layer since the temperature in a thermal is cooler than its environment in the upper part of the boundary layer. Using mixed-layer scaling, the normalized length and number of thermals were found to scale with the 1/3 and -1/3 powers, respectively, of normalized height, while vertical velocity and temperature scaled according to similarity predictions in the free convection region of the surface layer. The observational results presented here extend throughout the entire mixed layer. Using these results in the equation for mean updraft velocity of a field of thermals, the sum of the vertical pressure gradient and edge-effect terms can be estimated. This residual term is found to be important throughout most of the boundary layer. The magnitude of the divergence of vertical velocity variance within a thermal is found to be larger than the magnitude of the mean updraft velocity term throughout most of the mixed layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00122351
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eimeria tenella : two species of extrachromosomal DNA revealed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (1998)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 84 (1998), S. 272-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050394
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