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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre-emptive renal transplantation in children and adolescents (1993)
    Springer
    Transplant international 6 (1993), S. 125-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Kidney transplantation, in children ; Children, kidney transplantation ; Pre-emptive renal transplantation, in children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Forty-three out of 204 children received their first renal transplant without prior dialysis. In order to evaluate the outcome of pre-emptive transplantation, two groups were compared retrospectively. The groups consisted of 28 children who received their transplants either without prior dialysis (ND) or after a varying period of dialysis (D). They were matched by age, year of transplatation, immunosuppressive regimen, donor source, and original disease. The percentage of living related donors was 50% in each group. Patient survival was identical in both groups; one patient died in each group due to infection in the early post-transplantation period. The 5-year graft survival rates were 89% in the ND group versus 72% in the D group. The functional parameters graft function, anemia, hyperparathyroidism, hypertension, and the growth rates tended to be slightly better in the ND group than in the D group. The differences, however, were not significant. We conclude that pre-emptive transplantation is a safe procedure that shortens the period of uremia and is, therefore, recommended for children with end-stage renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336353
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Multi-level governance through adaptive co-management: conflict resolution in a Brazilian state park (2014)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-01
    Description: IntroductionCommunities situated in protected areas generate conflicts among park administrators, residents and scientists. Should they stay or should they go? This article presents a positive example of a community existing in a state park. The study describes the community's governance process as well as how the park administration and the community solve the conflicts that arise and achieve a method of co-management in a multi-level governance process. Methods: The analysis is based on the Management and Transition Framework (MTF). We used a case study approach and collected data via document study, participatory observation and qualitative interviews. Results: We find that the agreed system of community-based co-management has improved the implementation and enforcement of the state park's rules through negotiation and communication mechanisms in the park council. This relative success is due to the construction of social capital, equality and empowerment. Conclusions: For state parks in similar situations, the findings suggest that: 1) a community should have at least a minimal level of self-organization; 2) the empowerment of the community in the decision-making process is useful; 3) the park administration should gain the trust of the residents; and 4) the effective management of ecosystem services can create a win-win situation for the community as well as the park.
    Electronic ISSN: 2192-1709
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Physiology of Euphausia superba (2016)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Biology and Ecology of Antactic Krill, Advances in Polar Ecology, Springer, 30 p., pp. 145-174, ISBN: 978-3-319-29277-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-23
    Description: Since the 1920s, E. superba is one of the best studied species in the Southern Ocean in terms of their general biology. The main driver for this research focus has been the fisheries’ requirements for stock forecasting and conservation measures. Nowadays this is joined by concerns over climate change effects and the requirement to take a more holistic over view to understand food web structures. So far, however, we do not have a clear understanding of the physiological response of krill and hence their adaptability to cope with ongoing environmental changes, caused by the anthropogenic carbon emissions. This is due to the extreme lack of intense studies on krill physiology, especially of their larval stages in relation to their seasonal environment. A major aim of this book chapter is on the one hand to summaries how physiological functions such as lipid accumulation and utilisation, metabolic activity and growth change with ontogeny and season and to demonstrate which environmental factors are the main drivers for seasonal variability of these functions in adult and larval krill. On the other hand, we draw the attention to the importance of photoperiod (day length) as an entrainment cue for endogenous rhythms and clocks in the life cycle of krill. Furthermore, we give an overview of the current knowledge on the impact of elevated seawater temperature and ocean acidification on krill.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 4
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    Climate Change: Warming Impacts on Marine Biodiversity (2018)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Handbook on Marine Environment Protection, Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 21 p., pp. 353-373, ISBN: 978-3-319-60156-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: In this chapter, the effects of temperature change—as a main aspect of climate change—on marine biodiversity are assessed. Starting from a general discussion of species responses to temperature, the chapter presents how species respond to warming. These responses comprise adaptation and phenotypic plasticity as well as range shifts. The observed range shifts show more rapid shifts at the poleward range edge than at the equator-near edge, which probably reflects more rapid immigration than extinction in a warming world. A third avenue of changing biodiversity is change in species interactions, which can be altered by temporal and spatial shifts in interacting species. We then compare the potential changes in biodiversity to actual trends recently addressed in empirical synthesis work on local marine biodiversity, which lead to conceptual issues in quantifying the degree of biodiversity change. Finally we assess how climate change impacts the protection of marine environments.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    The overwintering of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, from an ecophysiological perspective (2011)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology, Springer, 35(1), pp. 15-37, ISSN: 0722-4060
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: A major aim of this review is to determine which physiological functions are adopted by adults and larvae to survive the winter season with low food supply and their relative importance. A second aim is to clarify the extent to which seasonal variation in larval and adult krill physiology is mediated by environmental factors with a strong seasonality, such as food supply or day light. Experimental studies on adult krill have demonstrated that speciWc physiological adaptations during autumn and winter, such as reduced metabolic rates and feeding activity, are not caused simply by the scarcity of food, as was previously assumed. These adaptations appear to be inXuenced by the local light regime. The physiological functions that larval krill adopt during winter (reduced metabolism, delayed development, lipid utilisation, and variable growth rates) are, in contrast to the adults, under direct control by the available food supply. During winter, the adults often seem to have little association with sea ice (at least until early spring). The larvae, however, feed within sea ice but mainly on the grazers of the ice algal community rather than on the algae themselves. In this respect, a miss-match in timing of the occurrence of the last phytoplankton blooms in autumn and the start of the sea ice formation, as has been increasingly observed in the west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region, will impact larval krill development during winter in terms of food supply and consequently the krill stock in this region.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Biological Clocks and!Rhythms in Polar Organisms (2020)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Polar Night Marine Ecology_ Life and Light in the Dead of Night, Advances in Polar Ecology, Switzerland, Springer, pp. 217-240, ISBN: 978-3-030-33208-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: Biological clocks are universal to all living organisms on Earth. Their ubiquity is testament to their importance to life: from cells to organs and from the simplest cyanobacteria to plants and primates, they are central to orchestrating life on this planet. Biological clocks are usually set by the day–night cycle, so what happens in polar regions during the Polar Night or Polar Day when there are periods of 24! hours of darkness or light? How would a biological clock function without a timekeeper!cycle? This chapter details evidence that biological clocks are central to structuring daily and seasonal activities in organisms at high latitudes. Importantly, despite a strongly reduced or absent day–night cycle, biological clocks in the Polar Night still appear to be regulated by background illumination. Here we explore evidence for highly cyclic activity, from behaviour patterns to clock gene expression, in copepods, krill and bivalves. The ultimate goal will be to understand the role of endogenous clocks in driving important daily and seasonal life cycle functions and to determine scope for plasticity in a rapidly changing environment.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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