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  • 1
    In: Autism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2009-09), p. 471-483
    Abstract: Siblings of children with autism may be at greater risk for psychological problems than siblings of children with another disability or of typically developing (TD) children. However, it is difficult to establish whether autism or the presence of intellectual disability (ID) explains the findings in previous research. Mothers rated the emotional and behavioural adjustment of siblings of children with ID with ( N = 25) or without ( N = 24) autism. Data were also available 18 months later for siblings of children with autism and ID ( N = 15). Siblings of children with autism and ID had more emotional problems compared with siblings of children with ID only and with normative data. Three variables were pertinent: increasing age of the child with autism, having a brother with autism, and being younger than the child with autism. Behavioural and emotional difficulties of siblings of children with autism and ID were relatively stable over 18 months.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1362-3613 , 1461-7005
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2034686-4
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    In: Health Education & Behavior, SAGE Publications, Vol. 47, No. 1 ( 2020-02), p. 5-13
    Abstract: Internet-based recruitment can be effective in reaching large numbers of geographically diverse individuals. Geosocial sexual networking apps on smartphones have emerged as the modal way in which men who have sex with men (MSM) meet sex partners, and as venues for sexual health research. We report on the performance of three types of ads—text-only, text with male figure (no face), and text with male figure (with face)—used on a geosocial sexual networking app to advertise free at-home HIV testing and to enroll in an online study. We ran five 2-week-long ads on a popular MSM geosocial app between fall 2017 and spring 2018 (~2.19 million impressions). Ads were evaluated in terms of the click-through rate (CTR = advertisement clicks/advertisement impressions), conversion rates (CR = number of enrolled participants/ad-generated clicks), cost per enrolled participant, and demographic composition of survey respondents. We enrolled n = 4,023 individuals, n = 2,430 of whom completed HIV testing—$6.21 spent on advertising per participant enrolled and $10.29 spent for everyone who completed HIV testing. Cost per enrolled participant was associated with the content of the ad used—ads featuring male figures (with or without a face shown) were more cost efficient than ads featuring text alone. These ads also outperformed text-only ads across a range of metrics, including responsiveness among younger MSM as well as MSM of color. Advertising materials that combine text with images may have greater appeal among priority populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-1981 , 1552-6127
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2082564-X
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  • 3
    In: Public Health Reports, SAGE Publications, Vol. 137, No. 2 ( 2022-03), p. 362-369
    Abstract: Testing remains critical for identifying pediatric cases of COVID-19 and as a public health intervention to contain infections. We surveyed US parents to measure the proportion of children tested for COVID-19 since the start of the pandemic, preferred testing venues for children, and acceptability of school-based COVID-19 testing. Methods: We conducted an online survey of 2074 US parents of children aged ≤12 years in March 2021. We applied survey weights to generate national estimates, and we used Rao–Scott adjusted Pearson χ 2 tests to compare incidence by selected sociodemographic characteristics. We used Poisson regression models with robust SEs to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) of pediatric testing. Results: Among US parents, 35.9% reported their youngest child had ever been tested for COVID-19. Parents who were female versus male (aRR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60-0.79), Asian versus non-Hispanic White (aRR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39-0.87), and from the Midwest versus the Northeast (aRR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63-0.91) were less likely to report testing of a child. Children who had health insurance versus no health insurance (aRR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.05-1.81), were attending in-person school/daycare versus not attending (aRR = 1.67; 95% CI, 1.43-1.95), and were from households with annual household income ≥$100 000 versus income 〈 $50 000-$99 999 (aRR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.40) were more likely to have tested for COVID-19. Half of parents (52.7%) reported the pediatrician’s office as the most preferred testing venue, and 50.6% said they would allow their youngest child to be tested for COVID-19 at school/daycare if required. Conclusions: Greater efforts are needed to ensure access to COVID-19 testing for US children, including those without health insurance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-3549 , 1468-2877
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017700-8
    SSG: 20,1
    SSG: 27
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 1978
    In:  Correctional Psychologist Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 1978-06), p. 99-116
    In: Correctional Psychologist, SAGE Publications, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 1978-06), p. 99-116
    Abstract: Thirty-seven inmates who had previously volunteered for phase I drug testing and 33 who had not were interviewed by a psychologist to obtain demographic and motivational data. Each inmate completed a standard psychopathology inventory (the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory), the Similarities and Picture Arrangement subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, a test of normal personality variables (the Edwards Personality Scale), and Christie's Machiavellianism Scale. The data supported the conclusions that (1) inmates are in general free enough from psychopathology to be able to make rational choices about participating in medical research as long as preliminary screening for individuals with severely disordered thinking is carried out, (2) verbal communication skills of inmates appear to be well enough developed to allow them to give an informed consent, (3) while there are personality differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers, these appear to relate most directly to the fact that, without screening, impulsive, manipulative individuals with disordered thought processes are over-represented among volunteers for medical research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0589-8218
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1978
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 5
    In: Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, SAGE Publications, Vol. 44, No. 6 ( 2016-12), p. 523-532
    Abstract: The personal care industry is focused on developing safe, more efficacious, and increasingly milder products, that are routinely undergoing preclinical and clinical testing before becoming available for consumer use on skin. In vitro systems based on skin reconstructed equivalents are now established for the preclinical assessment of product irritation potential and as alternative testing methods to the classic Draize rabbit skin irritation test. We have used the 3-D EpiDerm™ model system to evaluate tissue viability and primary cytokine interleukin-1α release as a way to evaluate the potential dermal irritation of 224 non-ionic, amphoteric and/or anionic surfactant-containing formulations, or individual raw materials. As part of our testing programme, two representative benchmark materials with known clinical skin irritation potential were qualified through repeated testing, for use as references for the skin irritation evaluation of formulations containing new surfactant ingredients. We have established a correlation between the in vitro screening approach and clinical testing, and are continually expanding our database to enhance this correlation. This testing programme integrates the efforts of global manufacturers of personal care products that focus on the development of increasingly milder formulations to be applied to the skin, without the use of animal testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0261-1929 , 2632-3559
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2390905-5
    SSG: 12,22
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 1989
    In:  Contemporary Sociology Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 1989-01), p. 141-
    In: Contemporary Sociology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 1989-01), p. 141-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-3061
    RVK:
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1989
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 121249-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010085-1
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 7
    In: The Neurohospitalist, SAGE Publications, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-04), p. 218-226
    Abstract: To describe changes in hospital-based care for children with neurologic diagnoses during the initial 6 weeks following regional Coronavirus 2019 Shelter-in-Place orders. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study of 7 US and Canadian pediatric tertiary care institutions included emergency and inpatient encounters with a neurologic primary discharge diagnosis code in the initial 6 weeks of Shelter-in-Place (COVID-SiP), compared to the same period during the prior 3 years (Pre-COVID). Patient demographics, encounter length, and neuroimaging and electroencephalography use were extracted from the medical record. Results 27,900 encounters over 4 years were included. Compared to Pre-COVID, there was a 54% reduction in encounters during Shelter-in-Place. COVID-SiP patients were younger (median 5 years vs 7 years). The incidence of encounters for migraine fell by 72%, and encounters for acute diagnoses of status epilepticus, infantile spasms, and traumatic brain injury dropped by 53%, 55%, and 56%, respectively. There was an increase in hospital length of stay, relative utilization of intensive care, and diagnostic testing (long-term electroencephalography, brain MRI, and head CT (all P 〈 .01)). Conclusion During the initial 6 weeks of SiP, there was a significant decrease in neurologic hospital-based encounters. Those admitted required a high level of care. Hospital-based neurologic services are needed to care for acutely ill patients. Precise factors causing these shifts are unknown and raise concern for changes in care seeking of patients with serious neurologic conditions. Impacts of potentially delayed diagnosis or treatment require further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1941-8744 , 1941-8752
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2629083-2
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