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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Stabilization of Irreversibly Deformed Keratin Fibers : Part I: Mechanism of Recovery
    SAGE Publications ; 1969
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 39, No. 7 ( 1969-07), p. 692-699
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 39, No. 7 ( 1969-07), p. 692-699
    Abstract: The mechanism of recovery of keratin fibers from deformation in aqueous solutions was investigated. Above a transition temperature of ~70°C the deformation of the fibers became at least partially irreversible and the reversibility of the α-β-transformation was completely destroyed. Various levels of an irreversible disorientation of the native structure could also be obtained by holding the fibers in the extended state above the transition temperature for various lengths of time. The level of disorientation obtained under these conditions is reflected in the stress level reached during stress relaxation. Upon release of the fibers, instantaneous recovery occurred which was proportional to the stress just prior to release. The total recovery can be kept at this level if an SH-blocking reagent is added prior to the release of the fibers, indicating that the second, slower phase of recovery is controlled by an SH-catalyzed disulfide interchange mechanism. A similar behavior could be observed for highly reduced fibers, in which case the formation of stable thioether linkages during setting presumably prevents the second phase of recovery. The removal of disulfide bonds from contraction-opposing positions is the rate-determining factor of the second phase of recovery
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756903900714
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1969
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinetics and Temperature Dependence of the Chemical Stress Relaxation of Wool Fibers
    SAGE Publications ; 1966
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 1966-06), p. 535-542
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 1966-06), p. 535-542
    Abstract: The stress relaxation process of keratin fibers may be divided into two stages, the first rapid stage involving hydrogen bond breakdown and the second slower stage being connected with disulfide bond scission. The temperature dependence of the second disulfide-controlled stage of stress relaxation of wool fibers from extensions of 20 and 40% was investigated at pH 7.0, both in the presence and absence of the sulfhydryl- blocking agent N-ethylmalimide (NEMI). By plotting the relaxation modulus E r as a function of temperature, a transition at 70°C was observed for untreated wool fibers. An increase in the SH content by partial reduction of the wool cystine decreases this transition temperature, as was expected from previous evidence of the SH dependence of the transition temperature under stress obtained from stress-strain curves [20]. By normalizing the stress at any time with a stress value in the presence of the SH-group blocking agent, it was possible to eliminate the first stage of stress relaxation without losing any component of the second stage. The viscoelastic behavior of the second stage was found to approximate that of a single Maxwellian element. The controlling mechanism in 'this stage appears to be a disulfide interchange catalyzed by free. SH groups, with an activation energy of approximately 23 kcal mole, which is independent of the strain level.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756603600605
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1966
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Transition Temperature in Wool Fibers Under Stress in Relation to Structure
    SAGE Publications ; 1965
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 35, No. 7 ( 1965-07), p. 604-611
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 35, No. 7 ( 1965-07), p. 604-611
    Abstract: The temperature dependence of the mechanical properties of wool fibers was investi gated in relation to sulfhydryl concentration and disulfide bond decrease. It was shown that only the highest level of modification (200 μ mole SH/g) influences the properties in the Hookean and yield regions. This effect could be assigned partly to the increase in SH content and partly to the decrease in disulfide content. In the post-yield region. the influence of chemical modification was much more pronounced and became evident even at the lower levels of fiber modification. The "turn-over point" between the yield and post-yield regions underwent a transi tion at 72° C for the untreated fibers. The transition temperature was found to be strongly dependent upon the SH content, decreasing with increasing sulfhydryl concen tration. In the absence of SH groups, the transition temperature was increased to approximately 85° C and was independent of the disulfide content. This transition is discussed in terms of the stability of the disulfide bond, which is closely connected with the probability of an interchange between disulfide bonds and SH groups. It is suggested that the transition indicates the onset of a chemical flow region in the matrix rather than a glass transition as proposed by other workers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756503500704
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1965
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Smartphone-Based Application to Assist Insulin Titration in Patients Undergoing Basal Insulin-Supported Oral Antidiabetic Treatment
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2023-07), p. 988-997
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2023-07), p. 988-997
    Abstract: INSULIA is an insulin-titration app developed for patients with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin as part of a basal insulin-supported oral therapy (BOT). The app uses patient-logged fasting blood glucose (FBG) values and a titration plan defined by the treating physician to provide basal insulin dosing recommendations. Physicians use the web portal to monitor their patients’ therapy progress and, if necessary, adjust therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the app, specifically its features, handling and impact on diabetes treatment and self-management in Germany. Methods: This German retrospective pilot study included physicians (diabetologists, general practitioners, and internists) and patients with type 2 diabetes who either receive or start BOT using the app. Both groups completed group-specific questionnaires between December 2018 and June 2019. Results: Overall, 10 physicians and 34 patients with type 2 diabetes completed their respective questionnaires. Physicians perceived their app-using patients to be more involved and more confident in managing their insulin therapy than patients not using the app. The majority of patients considered the app as a tool that assists with safer insulin treatment. The physicians perceived that due to the app use, FBG and HbA 1c target values were achieved more often than patients not using the app and the number and severity of hypoglycemic episodes was reduced. Conclusion: The titration app seems to have a positive impact on BOT patients’ FBG and HbA 1c target achievement and was highly appreciated by both physicians and patients alike.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-2968 , 1932-2968
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/19322968221090521
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467312-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tonic Activity Level in the Right Prefrontal Cortex Predicts Individuals' Risk Taking
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Psychological Science Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 33-38
    Details
    In: Psychological Science, SAGE Publications, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 33-38
    Abstract: Human risk taking is characterized by a large amount of individual heterogeneity. In this study, we applied resting-state electroencephalography, which captures stable individual differences in neural activity, before subjects performed a risk-taking task. Using a source-localization technique, we found that the baseline cortical activity in the right prefrontal cortex predicts individual risk-taking behavior. Individuals with higher baseline cortical activity in this brain area display more risk aversion than do other individuals. This finding demonstrates that neural characteristics that are stable over time can predict a highly complex behavior such as risk-taking behavior and furthermore suggests that hypoactivity in the right prefrontal cortex might serve as a dispositional indicator of lower regulatory abilities, which is expressed in greater risk-taking behavior.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-7976 , 1467-9280
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02260.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2022256-7
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Longitudinal Swelling of Permanently Set Wool Fibers
    SAGE Publications ; 1965
    In:  Textile Research Journal Vol. 35, No. 5 ( 1965-05), p. 412-415
    Details
    In: Textile Research Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 35, No. 5 ( 1965-05), p. 412-415
    Abstract: The longitudinal swelling of permanently set wool fibers was measured by a desorption method as a function of the time the fibers were held in the extended state. It was found that, after a setting treatment involving extensions below 40%. the longitudinal swelling, following an initial rapid increase, was independent of setting time and the dimensional changes of the fiber resulting from the setting process. At a setting ex tension of 60%, a maximum in longitudinal swelling is reached, which is followed by a rapid decrease and then by a gradual decrease with increasing times of setting. The results are interpreted in terms of differences in the stabilization mechanism for the extended configuration, depending on the strain level. Elimination of free sulfhydryl groups, before the fibers are released from extension, decreases chain mobility and, therefore, decreases disordering during the subsequent recovery step.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5175 , 1746-7748
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/004051756503500505
    RVK:
    ZS 0001
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1965
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209596-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proof of Concept for a New Raman-Based Prototype for Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 11-18
    Details
    In: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 11-18
    Abstract: Noninvasive glucose monitoring (NIGM) in diabetes is a long-sought-for technology. Among the many attempts Raman spectroscopy was considered as the most promising because of its glucose specificity. In this study, a recently developed prototype (GlucoBeam, RSP Systems A/S, Denmark) was tested in patients with type 1 diabetes to establish calibration models and to demonstrate proof of concept for this device in real use. Methods: The NIGM table-top prototype was used by 15 adult subjects with type 1 diabetes for up to 25 days at home and in an in-clinic setting. On each day, the subjects performed at least six measurement units throughout the day. Each measurement unit comprised two capillary blood glucose measurements, two scans with an intermittent scanning continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system, and two NIGM measurements using the thenar of the subject’s right hand. Results: Calibration models were established using data from 19 to 24 days. The remaining 3-8 days were used for independent validation. The mean absolute relative difference of the NIGM prototype was 23.6% ± 13.1% for the outpatient days, 28.2% ± 9.9% for the in-clinic day, and 26.3% ± 10.8% for the complete study. Consensus error grid analysis of the NIGM prototype for the complete study showed 93.6% of values in clinically acceptable zones A and B. Conclusions: This proof of concept study demonstrated a practical realization of a Raman-based NIGM device, with performance on par with early-generation CGM systems. The findings will assist in further performance improvements of the device.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-2968 , 1932-2968
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1932296820947112
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467312-2
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