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  • 1
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    The Prognosis of Single Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma Was Distinct from Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage A or B: The Role of Albumin-Bilirubin Grade
    S. Karger AG ; 2018
    In:  Liver Cancer Vol. 7, No. 4 ( 2018), p. 335-358
    Details
    In: Liver Cancer, S. Karger AG, Vol. 7, No. 4 ( 2018), p. 335-358
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background/Aims: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Whether single large hepatocellular carcinoma (SLHCC) is classified as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A or B is still controversial. We aimed to compare the clinical manifestations, treatment modalities, and prognoses among patients with SLHCC and those in BCLC stage A and B. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We enrolled 2,285 treatment-naive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with BCLC stage A or B from October 2007 to December 2015. Factors in terms of prognoses were analyzed by multivariate analysis. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We enrolled 1,210, 466, and 609 patients in a BCLC-A, SLHCC, and BCLC-B group, respectively. After a median follow-up duration of 21.2 months, 898 patients had died. The cumulative 5-year survival rates were 57.0, 42.6, and 27.3% for patients in the BCLC-A, SLHCC, and BCLC-B groups, respectively, which were significantly different ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the following independent risk factors were associated with poor prognosis: age & #x3e; 65 years, alkaline phosphatase & #x3e; 100 U/L, creatinine & #x3e; 1.0 mg/dL, alpha-fetoprotein & #x3e; 20 mg/mL, noncurative treatment, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, and HCC staging. Subgroup analysis also confirmed that patients in the SLHCC group had a survival rate intermediate to those in the BCLC-A and BCLC-B groups. However, for patients in the SLHCC group and with ALBI grade 1, outcomes were close to those in the BCLC-A group, especially in the setting of curative treatment. For those with ALBI grades 2 or 3, the prognoses were similar to those of the SLHCC and BCLC-B groups. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Patients in the SLHCC group had an overall survival rate intermediate to those of the BCLC-A and BCLC-B groups. It is suggested that the SLHCC group could be classified as occupying a different stage from the BCLC stages A and B. The ALBI grade could help to stratify SLHCC into a different prognostic group. However, the results need to be validated externally in other regions of the world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-1795 , 1664-5553
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000487407
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2666925-0
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  • 2
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    Association of Hyponatremia in Acute Stroke Stage with Three-Year Mortality in Patients with First-Ever Ischemic Stroke
    S. Karger AG ; 2012
    In:  Cerebrovascular Diseases Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2012), p. 55-62
    Details
    In: Cerebrovascular Diseases, S. Karger AG, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2012), p. 55-62
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients, and is frequently a marker of a significant underlying disease. The prognostic value of hyponatremia in patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke is not known. We aimed to analyze whether hyponatremia in the acute stroke stage contributed to the risk of mortality or recurrent stroke in these patients. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We studied 925 patients presenting with acute first-ever ischemic stroke between 2002 and 2004. Sodium levels were obtained on arrival at the emergency room within 3 days of acute stroke onset. Hyponatremia was defined as a serum sodium concentration of 134 mmol/l or less. Clinical presentation, stroke risk factors, associated medical disease, and outcome were recorded. All patients were followed for 3 years for survival analysis. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify risk factors for 3-year mortality in these patients. We also constructed Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and compared groups with hyponatremia and normonatremia by means of log rank tests for significant differences. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Among the patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke, 107 (11.6%) were hyponatremic. Among stroke risk factors, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was significantly higher among hyponatremic patients (p 〈 0.001). Prevalence of chronic renal insufficiency was also higher in the hyponatremic group (p = 0.002). Clinical presentations, such as the length of acute ward stay, initial impaired consciousness, and clinical course in acute stroke were similar among normo- and hyponatremic patients. Among the complications, pneumonia and urinary tract infection were significantly higher in hyponatremic than in normonatremic patients. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus and chronic renal insufficiency were associated with hyponatremia in these patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the survival rate was significantly lower in hyponatremic patients than in normonatremic patients (log rank test; p value 〈 0.001). After multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis, hyponatremia was a significant predictor of 3-year mortality in these patients after adjustment for related variables (p value = 0.003, hazard ratio = 2.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.30–3.82). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Hyponatremia in the acute stroke stage is a predictor of 3-year mortality in patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke that is independent of other clinical predictors of adverse outcome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-9770 , 1421-9786
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000338906
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482069-9
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  • 3
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    Residual Renal Function – One of the Factors Associated with Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
    S. Karger AG ; 2008
    In:  Blood Purification Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2008), p. 133-137
    Details
    In: Blood Purification, S. Karger AG, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2008), p. 133-137
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Arterial stiffness as determined by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) has been demonstrated to predict cardiovascular events or mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Peritoneal function and residual renal function (RRF) both are important for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). No association has yet been established between arterial stiffness, and RRF and peritoneal function in patients undergoing PD. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 146 PD patients received PD lasting over 4 months. baPWV was determined using an automated, non-invasive, waveform analysis device. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 This retrospective study revealed independent correlations between baPWV and mean arterial pressure, age, status of diabetes mellitus and RRF as well as an inverse correlation with body mass index. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 This retrospective study showed that arterial stiffness is independently correlated with RRF. Interestingly, peritoneal function test is not associated with baPWV value.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0253-5068 , 1421-9735
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000113013
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482025-0
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  • 4
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    Cord Blood Soluble CD14 Predicts Wheeze and Prolonged Cough in Young Children: The PATCH Study
    S. Karger AG ; 2016
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 169, No. 3 ( 2016), p. 189-197
    Details
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 169, No. 3 ( 2016), p. 189-197
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) plays a role in the development and manifestation of atopic symptoms, although the results of previous studies have been inconclusive. The aim of this study is to evaluate the practical use of sCD14 as a predictive biomarker of allergy in young children. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Children aged 0-1 year from a birth cohort in the Prediction of Allergies in Taiwanese Children (PATCH) study were enrolled. Cord blood sCD14 concentrations were measured. Pediatrician evaluation and questionnaire interviews were performed periodically until 1 year of age to determine the children's allergic and respiratory symptoms. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Two hundred and six 1-year-old subjects were enrolled. Wheeze was positively associated with cord blood sCD14, a family member with asthma and parental smoking. Prolonged cough was associated with cord blood sCD14, older maternal age and more siblings. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, cord blood sCD14 was the only independent predictive biomarker for wheeze and prolonged cough by 1 year of age. Every 100-ng/ml increase in cord blood sCD14 resulted in a 1.56-fold higher risk of developing wheeze and a 1.62-fold higher risk of prolonged cough in children by 1 year of age. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Cord blood sCD14 may be a useful biomarker for predicting infant wheeze and prolonged cough by 1 year of age.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000445501
    RVK:
    XA 49650
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 5
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    Protein Nutrition Index as a Function of Patient Survival Rate in Peritoneal Dialysis
    S. Karger AG ; 2010
    In:  Kidney and Blood Pressure Research Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2010), p. 174-180
    Details
    In: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2010), p. 174-180
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background/Aims: 〈 /i 〉 Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is a well-known risk factor of long-term survival in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Serum albumin is a measure of visceral protein, lean body mass is a measure of somatic protein stores and normalized protein nitrogen appearance is a measure of daily protein intake. A protein nutrition index (PNI) that combined these 3 factors was designed and tested as a function of survival in PD patients. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 We enrolled 552 PD patients for this study. Demographic, biochemical, nutritional markers, comorbidity and dialysis-related data were obtained. The PNI was calculated. All patients were followed up to investigate the risks for mortality. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 Patients with probable PEW/low-average nutrition were older and had lower serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen, lower adequacy data and higher D4/P4 Cr compared with patients with high-average/good nutrition. 108 patients (19.6%) died during the observational period. By multivariate analysis, we found only age, comorbidity index and PNI (relative risk = 0.84, confidence interval: 0.76–0.93, p = 0.001) to be independent predictors of mortality. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 The PNI at the start of PD is associated with all-cause mortality, and each increase by a score of 1 in PNI leads to a 16% decrease in the risk of mortality. Predialysis evaluation of this scoring system is recommended for further research in order to improve outcomes in PD patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-4096 , 1423-0143
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000316701
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482922-8
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  • 6
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    Pinostilbene Hydrate Suppresses Human Oral Cancer Cell Metastasis by Downregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Through the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway
    S. Karger AG ; 2018
    In:  Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2018), p. 911-923
    Details
    In: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, S. Karger AG, Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2018), p. 911-923
    Abstract: Background/Aims: Cancer is the most common cause of death worldwide with approximately one third of people being diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime. Pinostilbene hydrate (PSH) A methylated derivative of resveratrol Has been reported to possess antioxidative Cardioprotective and anticancer properties. However the antimetastatic effect of pinostilbene in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Methods: In this study We investigated the effect of PSH on antimetastatic activity and the relevant signaling pathways underlying mechanisms of SCC-9 SAS and HSC-3 oral cancer cell lines by MTT assay Wound healing Transwell assay Zymography and western blot analysis. Results: Our findings indicated that PSH inhibits migration and invasion ability by reducing the protein activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) in all three cell lines. Moreover • The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38) had significant inhibitory effects in the presence of PSH in the SCC9 and SAS cell lines. A combination of ERK1/2 and p38 inhibitors with PSH also reduced the migration and activity of MMP-2 in the SCC9 and SAS cell lines. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that PSH suppresses MMP-2 enzymatic activity by downregulating the p38/ERK1/2 pathway and that it might be a promising agent for preventing OSCC cell metastasis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1015-8987 , 1421-9778
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000494476
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482056-0
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
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    Preventive Effect of Baicalein on Methamphetamine-Induced Amnesia in the Passive Avoidance Test in Mice
    S. Karger AG ; 2014
    In:  Pharmacology Vol. 93, No. 5-6 ( 2014), p. 278-285
    Details
    In: Pharmacology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 93, No. 5-6 ( 2014), p. 278-285
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background/Aims: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Methamphetamine abuse may produce cognitive impairment. Baicalein, a bioactive flavonoid, has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. This study examined the effects of baicalein pretreatment on memory performance in the passive avoidance test after either one dose or an acute binge of methamphetamine in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Methamphetamine was administered by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of either one dose (3 mg/kg) or an acute binge (3 mg/kg, 4 i.p. injections at 2-hour intervals). The effects of baicalein pretreatment (1 mg/kg, i.p.) on methamphetamine-induced changes of locomotor activity and memory performance were compared with those of eticlopride, a selective dopamine D 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 receptor antagonist. The effects of baicalein on acute binge methamphetamine-induced oxidative stress (malondialdehyde- and nitrotyrosine-modified protein production) in the mouse hippocampus were also examined. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 One-dose methamphetamine treatment (i.p., 30 min before or immediately after the training trial) induced hyperlocomotion and amnesia in mice, which were blocked by eticlopride but not by baicalein pretreatment. The memory performance in mice was impaired 5 days after acute binge methamphetamine, which was significantly attenuated by baicalein but not by eticlopride pretreatment. Baicalein pretreatment also attenuated acute binge methamphetamine-induced oxidative stress in the mouse hippocampus. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Baicalein exhibits antioxidative and neuroprotective effects in attenuating acute binge methamphetamine-induced memory deficits and oxidative hippocampal damage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-7012 , 1423-0313
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000365008
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483550-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
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    Cardiothoracic Ratio, Malnutrition, Inflammation, and Two-Year Mortality in Non-Diabetic Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
    S. Karger AG ; 2008
    In:  Kidney and Blood Pressure Research Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2008), p. 143-151
    Details
    In: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2008), p. 143-151
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background/Aims: 〈 /i 〉 Cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) is associated with left ventricular mass, left ventricular systolic dysfunction and mortality in patients with hypertension or chronic cardiovascular disease. The clinical significance of CTR in non-diabetic maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients remains unclear. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 468 non-diabetic MHD patients were enrolled. Geographic, hematological, biochemical and dialysis-related data were obtained. The patients were analyzed for nutritional and inflammatory markers as well as CTR. All patients were followed up for 2 years to investigate the risks for mortality. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 Chi-square analysis showed that the incidence of malnutrition and inflammation was significantly higher in patients with CTR 〉 60% than in patients with CTR ≤60%. CTR positively correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels but negatively correlated with albumin levels. 29 patients (6.2%) had expired by the end of the study. Cox multivariate analysis revealed that CTR significantly predicts both all-cause and cardiovascular-cause 2-year mortality in non-diabetic MHD patients. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 CTR is an indicator of inflammation and nutritional status in non-diabetic MHD patients and can predict 2-year mortality in these patients. The analytical results of this study support continued efforts to reduce CTR and treat underlying causes in patients with CTR 〉 50%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-4096 , 1423-0143
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000127388
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482922-8
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  • 9
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    Glycated Hemoglobin Predicts Mortality in Nondiabetic Patients Receiving Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis
    S. Karger AG ; 2010
    In:  American Journal of Nephrology Vol. 32, No. 6 ( 2010), p. 567-574
    Details
    In: American Journal of Nephrology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 32, No. 6 ( 2010), p. 567-574
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Patients with chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) use glucose-based dialysate to maintain their life; however, whether the glycemic status influences outcome of these patients without diabetes remains unknown. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 We conducted a cross-sectional and 18-month prospective study, and 269 nondiabetic patients with CPD were enrolled in a medical center. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured at baseline and categorized in tertiles of HbA1c: high ( 〉 5.4%), middle (5.1–5.4%) and low normal ( 〈 5.1%). Mortality and cause of death were recorded for longitudinal analyses. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 The study results showed high HbA1c group patients had a trend of being older and having higher body mass index (BMI) than other group patients. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed HbA1c was positively related to age, BMI and the peritoneal solute transport rate. After 18 months of follow-up, Cox multivariate analysis showed that HbA1c (HR: 4.114; 95% CI: 1.426–11.872; p = 0.009) was the significant risk factor for all-cause mortality after relating variables were adjusted. Moreover, high HbA1c (HR: 3.892; 95% CI: 1.273–11.959; p = 0.026) and low HbA1c (HR: 1.179; 95% CI: 1.160–1.198; p = 0.039), with middle HbA1c group as the reference, also significantly predicted for mortality in these patients. 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 HbA1c levels, or presence of low or high HbA1c, are associated with 18-month all-cause mortality in nondiabetic patients with CPD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0250-8095 , 1421-9670
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000321899
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468523-1
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