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  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  (6)
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  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  (6)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A tensor-based framework for studying eigenvector multicentrality in multilayer networks
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2019
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 116, No. 31 ( 2019-07-30), p. 15407-15413
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, No. 31 ( 2019-07-30), p. 15407-15413
    Abstract: Centrality is widely recognized as one of the most critical measures to provide insight into the structure and function of complex networks. While various centrality measures have been proposed for single-layer networks, a general framework for studying centrality in multilayer networks (i.e., multicentrality) is still lacking. In this study, a tensor-based framework is introduced to study eigenvector multicentrality, which enables the quantification of the impact of interlayer influence on multicentrality, providing a systematic way to describe how multicentrality propagates across different layers. This framework can leverage prior knowledge about the interplay among layers to better characterize multicentrality for varying scenarios. Two interesting cases are presented to illustrate how to model multilayer influence by choosing appropriate functions of interlayer influence and design algorithms to calculate eigenvector multicentrality. This framework is applied to analyze several empirical multilayer networks, and the results corroborate that it can quantify the influence among layers and multicentrality of nodes effectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1801378116
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Human airway and nasal organoids reveal escalating replicative fitness of SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2023
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 120, No. 17 ( 2023-04-25)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 120, No. 17 ( 2023-04-25)
    Abstract: The high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants was generally ascribed to immune escape. It remained unclear whether the emerging variants have gradually acquired replicative fitness in human respiratory epithelial cells. We sought to evaluate the replicative fitness of BA.5 and earlier variants in physiologically active respiratory organoids. BA.5 exhibited a dramatically increased replicative capacity and infectivity than B.1.1.529 and an ancestral strain wildtype (WT) in human nasal and airway organoids. BA.5 spike pseudovirus showed a significantly higher entry efficiency than that carrying WT or B.1.1.529 spike. Notably, we observed prominent syncytium formation in BA.5-infected nasal and airway organoids, albeit elusive in WT- and B.1.1.529-infected organoids. BA.5 spike-triggered syncytium formation was verified by lentiviral overexpression of spike in nasal organoids. Moreover, BA.5 replicated modestly in alveolar organoids, with a significantly lower titer than B.1.1.529 and WT. Collectively, the higher entry efficiency and fusogenic activity of BA.5 spike potentiated viral spread through syncytium formation in the human airway epithelium, leading to enhanced replicative fitness and immune evasion, whereas the attenuated replicative capacity of BA.5 in the alveolar organoids may account for its benign clinical manifestation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300376120
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Potent HIV fusion inhibitors against Enfuvirtide-resistant HIV-1 strains
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2008
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 105, No. 42 ( 2008-10-21), p. 16332-16337
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, No. 42 ( 2008-10-21), p. 16332-16337
    Abstract: T20 (generic name: Enfuvirtide, brand name: Fuzeon) is the only FDA-approved HIV fusion inhibitor that is being used for treatment of HIV/AIDS patients who have failed to respond to current antiretroviral drugs. However, it rapidly induces drug resistance in vitro and in vivo . On the basis of the structural and functional information of anti-HIV peptides from a previous study, we designed an HIV fusion inhibitor named CP32M, a 32-mer synthetic peptide that is highly effective in inhibiting infection by a wide range of primary HIV-1 isolates from multiple genotypes with R5- or dual-tropic (R5X4) phenotype, including a group O virus (BCF02) that is resistant to T20 and C34 (another anti-HIV peptide). Strikingly, CP32M is exceptionally potent (at low picomolar level) against infection by a panel of HIV-1 mutants highly resistant to T20 and C34. These findings suggest that CP32M can be further developed as an antiviral therapeutic against multidrug resistant HIV-1.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0807335105
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Receptor usage and cell entry of bat coronavirus HKU4 provide insight into bat-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2014
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 111, No. 34 ( 2014-08-26), p. 12516-12521
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, No. 34 ( 2014-08-26), p. 12516-12521
    Abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) currently spreads in humans and causes ∼36% fatality in infected patients. Believed to have originated from bats, MERS-CoV is genetically related to bat coronaviruses HKU4 and HKU5. To understand how bat coronaviruses transmit to humans, we investigated the receptor usage and cell entry activity of the virus-surface spike proteins of HKU4 and HKU5. We found that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), the receptor for MERS-CoV, is also the receptor for HKU4, but not HKU5. Despite sharing a common receptor, MERS-CoV and HKU4 spikes demonstrated functional differences. First, whereas MERS-CoV prefers human DPP4 over bat DPP4 as its receptor, HKU4 shows the opposite trend. Second, in the absence of exogenous proteases, both MERS-CoV and HKU4 spikes mediate pseudovirus entry into bat cells, whereas only MERS-CoV spike, but not HKU4 spike, mediates pseudovirus entry into human cells. Thus, MERS-CoV, but not HKU4, has adapted to use human DPP4 and human cellular proteases for efficient human cell entry, contributing to the enhanced pathogenesis of MERS-CoV in humans. These results establish DPP4 as a functional receptor for HKU4 and host cellular proteases as a host range determinant for HKU4. They also suggest that DPP4-recognizing bat coronaviruses threaten human health because of their spikes’ capability to adapt to human cells for cross-species transmissions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405889111
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promote electroreduction of CO 2 via catalyst valence state manipulation by surface-capping ligand
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2023
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 120, No. 22 ( 2023-05-30)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 120, No. 22 ( 2023-05-30)
    Abstract: Electrochemical CO 2 reduction provides a potential means for synthesizing value-added chemicals over the near equilibrium potential regime, i.e., formate production on Pd-based catalysts. However, the activity of Pd catalysts has been largely plagued by the potential-depended deactivation pathways (e.g., α -PdH to β -PdH phase transition, CO poisoning), limiting the formate production to a narrow potential window of 0 V to −0.25 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Herein, we discovered that the Pd surface capped with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ligand exhibits effective resistance to the potential-depended deactivations and can catalyze formate production at a much extended potential window (beyond –0.7 V vs. RHE) with significantly improved activity (~14-times enhancement at −0.4 V vs. RHE) compared to that of the pristine Pd surface. Combined results from physical and electrochemical characterizations, kinetic analysis, and first-principle simulations suggest that the PVP capping ligand can effectively stabilize the high-valence-state Pd species (Pd δ+ ) resulted from the catalyst synthesis and pretreatments, and these Pd δ+  species are responsible for the inhibited phase transition from α -PdH to β -PdH, and the suppression of CO and H 2 formation. The present study confers a desired catalyst design principle, introducing positive charges into Pd-based electrocatalyst to enable efficient and stable CO 2 to formate conversion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218040120
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A pan-sarbecovirus vaccine based on RBD of SARS-CoV-2 original strain elicits potent neutralizing antibodies against XBB in non-human primates
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2023
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 120, No. 11 ( 2023-03-14)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 120, No. 11 ( 2023-03-14)
    Abstract: The recently emerged Omicron subvariants XBB and BQ.1.1 have presented striking immune evasion against most monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and convalescent plasma. Therefore, it is essential to develop broad-spectrum COVID-19 vaccines to combat current and future emerging variants. Here, we found that the human IgG Fc-conjugated RBD of the original SARS-CoV-2 strain (WA1) plus a novel STING agonist-based adjuvant CF501 (CF501/RBD-Fc) could induce highly potent and durable broad-neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses against Omicron subvariants, including BQ.1.1 and XBB in rhesus macaques with NT50s ranging from 2,118 to 61,742 after three doses. A decline of 0.9- to 4.7-fold was observed in the neutralization activity of sera in the CF501/RBD-Fc group against BA.2.2, BA.2.9, BA.5, BA.2.75, and BF.7 relative to D614G after three doses, while a significant decline of NT50 against BQ.1.1 (26.9-fold) and XBB (22.5-fold) relative to D614G. However, the bnAbs were still effective in neutralizing BQ.1.1 and XBB infection. These results suggest that the conservative but nondominant epitopes in RBD could be stimulated by CF501 to generate bnAbs, providing a proof-of-concept for using “nonchangeable against changeables” strategy to develop pan-sarbecovirus vaccines against sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221713120
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
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