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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Structure of Allenyl-Substituted η6-Benzene(tricarbonyl)-chromium Complexes (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 1135-1139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Arene complexes ; Chromium ; Allenes ; Rearrangements ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Cr(CO)3-complexed η6-phenylpropargylic alcohols 3 react in a displacement rearrangement with thionyl chloride or chlorodiphenylphosphane to give the chloro- or phosphoryl allenyl substituted η6-phenyl complexes 4 and 6, respectively. In the X-ray crystal structure of the novel organometallic allenic derivatives 4b and 6b the vicinal chloro or phosphoryl substituent and the benzene(tricarbonyl)chromium fragment are arranged coplanarily. Palladium/copper-catalyzed couplings of the chloroallene 4b with terminal alkynes disclose a facile access to ynallene derivatives 8, novel carbon-rich organometallic π-systems.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19971300816
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palladium-Copper-Catalyzed Coupling of Tricarbonylchromium-Complexed Phenylacetylene with Iodoarenes - A Facile Access to Alkynyl-Bridged Cr(CO)3-Complexed Benzenes (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 129 (1996), S. 607-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Arene complexes ; Chromium compounds ; Alkynes ; Catalysis ; Coupling reactions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The palladium-copper-catalyzed coupling of the tricarbonyl-chromium-complexed chlorobenzene 1 with (trimethylsilyl)-acetylene gives tricarbonyl{η6-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]-benzene}chromium(0) (2) in high yield. After desilylation of 2 tricarbonyl[η6-(ethynylbenzene)]chromium(0) (3) is obtained quantitatively. Using the palladium-copper-catalyzed methodology, we can readily introduce Cr(CO)3-complexed phenylethynyl units by a multifold coupling of 3 with iodobenzene, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-di- and 1,3,5-tiiodobenzene (4a-e) or 1 to give polynuclear Cr(CO)3-complexed (phenylethynyl)benzenes 5a-e and doubly Cr(CO)3-complexed tolane 6 in good to moderate yield. The crystal structure analyses of μ3-{η6:η6:η6[1,3,5-benzenetriyltris(2,1-ethynediyl)]tris(benzene)}tris[tricarbonylchromium(0)] (5e) and μ-{η6:η6-[1,2-ethynediylbis(benzene)]}bis[tricarbonylchromium(0)] (6) reveal that the tricarbonylchromium tripods in the same molecule are arranged in antiparallel syn-eclipsed conformations. The Eglington coupling of 3 affords a doubly Cr(CO)3-complexed diphenylbutadiyne 7 in excellent yield.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19961290604
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Substituent Interactions of Tricarbonylchromium-complexed Arylalkynylbenzenes  -  Novel Organometallic Push-pull ChromophoresDedicated to Prof. Dr. Rudolf Gompper on the occasion of his 70th birthday. (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 129 (1996), S. 1433-1440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Arene complexes ; Chromium compounds ; Substituent effects ; Push-pull chromophores ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The tricarbonylchromium complexes chlorobenzene 1 reacts with terminal alkynes 2 through a palladium-copper-catalyzed coupling to give a variety of Cr(CO)3-complexed phenylethynyl arenes, heteroarenes and ferrocene 3 in good to excellent yield. Due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the Cr(CO)3 group these novel complexes can be regarded as organometallic push-pull chromophores. Analogously, the corresponding free ligands 4 (phenylethynyl arenes, heteroarenes and ferrocene) were synthesized by coupling iodobenzene and 2. The crystal structure analysis of the singly Cr(CO)3-complexed tolane 3e reveals a strong deviation from coplanarity of both phenyl rings by an angle of 50.9(2)° presumably due to crystal packing. Correlations are established between selected substituent parameters (σP, σI, σR, σP+ and Δπ) and the carbonyl carbon resonances in the 13C-NMR spectra for the complexes 3. The overall electronic substituent effect is transmitted to the carbonyl groups by both mesomeric and inductive mechanisms. The push-pull complexes 3 display relatively small negative solvochromicities of longest wavelength absorption band (MLCT band).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19961291206
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sidechain Functionalizations by Cuprate Additions to Phosphorylallenyl-Substituted Arenetricarbonylchromium Complexes (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Arene complexes ; Chromium ; Sidechain functionalization ; Allenes ; Cuprates ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The cuprate addition to (arene)Cr(CO)3-substituted phosphorylallenes 1 gives rise to the regioselective formation of complexed allylphosphane oxide derivatives 3a-c and allylphosphonate derivatives 3d-j in good yields. In the case of racemic planar chiral ortho-substituted complexed (arylallenyl)phosphonates 1c, d the protonation of the intermediate allyl anion proceeds diastereoselectively due to the hindered rotation around the Cipso-Cα bond. This diastereoselective protonation is discussed on the basis of the conformational analysis as deduced from the X-ray structure analyses of the allenylphosphonate 1d and the allylphosphonates 3i, j.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of erythropoietin in the production of principal erythrocyte proteins other than hemoglobin during terminal erythroid differentiation (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 126 (1986), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Erythropoietin (EP) controls the terminal phase of differentiation in which proerythroblasts and their precursors, the colony forming units-erythroid (CFU-e), develop into erythrocytes. Biochemical studies of this hormone-directed terminal differentiation have been hindered by the lack of a homogeneous population of erythroid cells at the developmental stages of CFU-e and proerythroblasts that will synchronously differentiate in response to EP. Such a population of cells can be prepared from the spleens of mice with the acute erythroblastosis resulting from infection with anemia-inducing Friend virus (FVA). Using these FVA-infected erythroid cells, which were induced to differentiate with EP, four proteins other than hemoglobin that have key functions in mature erythrocytes were monitored during the 48-hour period of terminal differentiation. Synthesis of spectrin and membrane band 3 proteins were determined by immunoprecipitation and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; accumulation of the cytoskeletal protein band 4.1 was monitored by immunoblotting; carbonic anhydrase activity was measured electro-metrically. Band 3 synthesis and band 4.1 accumulation could be detected only after exposure of the cells to EP. Spectrin synthesis was ongoing prior to culture with EP, but it did increase after exposure to the hormone. Carbonic anhydrase-specific activity changed very little throughout the terminal differentiation process. These results reveal at least three patterns of production of principal erythrocyte proteins during EP-mediated terminal differentiation of FVA-infected erythroid cells. Depending on the specific protein examined, de novo synthesis can be induced by EP, an ongoing production can be enhanced by EP, or the production of a protein can be completed at a developmental stage prior to EP-mediated differentiation in these cells.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041260216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenothiazinyl-substituierte Cyanine  -  Modellverbindungen für molekulare SchalterDiese Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft und vom Fonds der Chemischen Industrie gefördert. T. J. J. M. dankt dem Freistaat Bayern für die Gewährung eines Stipendiums zur Förderung des künstlerischen und wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses. Wir danken Herrn Dr. A. Lerf. Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Garching, für die Durchführung der Leitfähigkeitsmessung. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 106 (1994), S. 581-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19941060510
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenothiazinyl-Substituted Cyanines: Model Compounds for Molecular SwitchesThis research was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. T. J. J. M. thanks the State of Bavaria for a Stipendium zur Förderung des künstlerischen und wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses. We thank Dr. A. Lerf, Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Garching (FRG), for conducting the conductivity measurements. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 33 (1994), S. 572-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199405721
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monolayer freeze-fracture - a modified procedure (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 3 (1986), S. 439-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Monolayer freeze-fracture ; Trans-membrane proteins ; Erythrocyte membrane proteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Monolayer freeze-fracture of biological membranes is a valuable tool for integrating membrane morphology with biochemical analysis of membrane components. This correlation has been restricted by the purity of the biochemical sample. In this article, the method is reviewed, and an improved method is described. The essential modification was the use of a polysaccharide-coated microscope slide, instead of a copper plate, to cover cells attached to a polylysine-coated coverslip. It was found that proper freeze-fracture will not occur unless there is a distinct temperature gradient, with its accompanying stresses, across the cell monolayer during the freezing process. This gradient is achieved by using glass slides of different thickness to cover each side of the monolayer. Comparison of the results with those obtained when using a copper-glass system demonstrated a consistently purer sample for the glass-glass system, with whole-cell contamination of the external membrane leaflet being reduced to 0.4%. Problems associated with obtaining pure samples for biochemical analysis are discussed, and the results of freeze-fracture with the glass-glass and glass-copper systems are compared. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of polypeptides associated with the separate halves of the erythrocyte membrane demonstrated that band 3, the anion transport protein, separates with the cytoplasmic face, whereas only sialoglycoproteins and their fragments are retained in the external face. This finding, obtained with the glass-glass system, is consistent with results of our earlier freeze-fracture study that used a copper-glass system which showed that covalent bonds may be broken during this procedure.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060030407
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  • 9
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    A transatlantic section at 14.5N: Meridional volume and heat fluxes (1995)
    Sears Foundation of Marine Research
    In:  Journal of Marine Research, 53 (6). pp. 929-957.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-28
    Description: Two high-resolution hydrographic sections occupied during February, March 1989 in the western and eastern basins of the North Atlantic at 14.5N are combined to study the water mass structure and meridional mass and heat transports. Absolute velocities were determined using these data and an earlier section at 8N in a linear inverse analysis. Mass balance for several layers representing the main water masses in the region and a zero net divergence for the sum of geostrophic and Ekman transport between the two sections are assumed. Using the annual mean of Ekman transports (13.6 Sv, 14.5N), (15.2 Sv, 8N) based on the climatology by Isemer and Hasse (1985) the annual average fluxes for the sections at 8N and 14.5N have been calculated. For the annual mean the strength of the meridional overturning cell at 14.5N amounts to 15.9 Sv with an associated heat transport of 1.22 PW. A similar value can be obtained at 8N where the annual mean heat transport reaches 1.18 PW and the overturning cell measures 15 Sv. The total northward heat transport is strongly dominated by the wind-driven Ekman heat transport. 'In-situ' values of heat transport using the actual wind-driven transports for the respective months yield even higher estimates. Heat transport at 14.5N rises to 1.37 +/- 0.42 PW (February) and the maximum is now at the 8N section, 1.69 +/- 0.52 PW (May). Comparisons of our results with another tropical section at 11N occupied concurrently demonstrate the large variability in heat transport related to changes in the wind field. Due to extremely weak winds in the eastern Atlantic and a resulting low Ekman transport, the 'in-situ' value of heat transport through this section ranged between 0.30 +/- 0.18 PW and 0.59 +/- 0.18 PW depending on the value chosen for the Ekman transport. The lower of the two heat transport estimates results from calculations with the actual observed winds and the other using a monthly climatological mean. That even the computations with the climatological monthly mean give such a low heat transport points to additional changes in the baroclinic structures between 11N and 14.5N.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1357/0022240953212963
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Seven-year current meter record in the eastern North Atlantic (1988)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers, 35 (8). pp. 1259-1268.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: Continuous current measurements at the 1000 m level were obtained in the central Canary Basin of the northeast Atlantic near 33°N, 22°W for 2398 days. Even with this very long time series no statistically significant mean current could be estimated at that level, because the energetic fluctuations are large compared to the weak mean. In the eddy scale range, i.e. at current fluctuations are scales between 47 and 455 days, a pronounced anisotropy between zonal and meridional components is apparent. For the first time in the subtropical North Atlantic gyre our data allow confirmation of the expected spectral decrease beyond the eddy scale peak in an eastern basin. With respect to future global experiments we wonder if our results from an eastern basin location are representative for the general circulation at mid-ocean sites?
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(88)90082-9
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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