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  • 1
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    Broad Impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Acute Respiratory Infections in China: An Observational Study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24), p. e1054-e1062
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24), p. e1054-e1062
    Abstract: To combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented worldwide, which impacted a broad spectrum of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Methods Etiologically diagnostic data from 142 559 cases with ARIs, who were tested for 8 viral pathogens (influenza virus [IFV], respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] , human parainfluenza virus [HPIV], human adenovirus [HAdV] , human metapneumovirus [HMPV], human coronavirus [HCoV] , human bocavirus [HBoV], and human rhinovirus [HRV] ) between 2012 and 2021, were analyzed to assess the changes in respiratory infections in China during the first COVID-19 pandemic year compared with pre-pandemic years. Results Test-positive rates of all respiratory viruses decreased during 2020, compared to the average levels during 2012–2019, with changes ranging from −17.2% for RSV to −87.6% for IFV. Sharp decreases mostly occurred between February and August when massive NPIs remained active, although HRV rebounded to the historical level during the summer. While IFV and HMPV were consistently suppressed year-round, RSV, HPIV, HCoV, HRV, and HBoV resurged and went beyond historical levels during September 2020–January 2021, after NPIs were largely relaxed and schools reopened. Resurgence was more prominent among children & lt;18 years and in northern China. These observations remain valid after accounting for seasonality and long-term trend of each virus. Conclusions Activities of respiratory viral infections were reduced substantially in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, and massive NPIs were likely the main driver. Lifting of NPIs can lead to resurgence of viral infections, particularly in children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab942
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
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  • 2
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    The DIRECT consortium and the REST-meta-MDD project: towards neuroimaging biomarkers of major depressive disorder
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Psychoradiology Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-06-09), p. 32-42
    Details
    In: Psychoradiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-06-09), p. 32-42
    Abstract: Despite a growing neuroimaging literature on the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), reproducible findings are lacking, probably reflecting mostly small sample sizes and heterogeneity in analytic approaches. To address these issues, the Depression Imaging REsearch ConsorTium (DIRECT) was launched. The REST-meta-MDD project, pooling 2428 functional brain images processed with a standardized pipeline across all participating sites, has been the first effort from DIRECT. In this review, we present an overview of the motivations, rationale, and principal findings of the studies so far from the REST-meta-MDD project. Findings from the first round of analyses of the pooled repository have included alterations in functional connectivity within the default mode network, in whole-brain topological properties, in dynamic features, and in functional lateralization. These well-powered exploratory observations have also provided the basis for future longitudinal hypothesis-driven research. Following these fruitful explorations, DIRECT has proceeded to its second stage of data sharing that seeks to examine ethnicity in brain alterations in MDD by extending the exclusive Chinese original sample to other ethnic groups through international collaborations. A state-of-the-art, surface-based preprocessing pipeline has also been introduced to improve sensitivity. Functional images from patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia will be included to identify shared and unique abnormalities across diagnosis boundaries. In addition, large-scale longitudinal studies targeting brain network alterations following antidepressant treatment, aggregation of diffusion tensor images, and the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuromodulation approaches are underway. Through these endeavours, we hope to accelerate the translation of functional neuroimaging findings to clinical use, such as evaluating longitudinal effects of antidepressant medications and developing individualized neuromodulation targets, while building an open repository for the scientific community.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2634-4416
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkac005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3076092-6
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  • 3
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    Genotypic variants at 2q33 and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2012
    In:  Human Molecular Genetics Vol. 21, No. 9 ( 2012-5-1), p. 2132-2141
    Details
    In: Human Molecular Genetics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 21, No. 9 ( 2012-5-1), p. 2132-2141
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1460-2083 , 0964-6906
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds029
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474816-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Database Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-01)
    Details
    In: Database, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2019 ( 2019-01-01)
    Abstract: Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-0463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/database/baz085
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2496706-3
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  • 5
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    PCSK9 genetic variants and risk of vascular and non-vascular diseases in Chinese and UK populations
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ( 2024-01-10)
    Details
    In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2024-01-10)
    Abstract: Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) through PCSK9 inhibition represents a new therapeutic approach to preventing and treating cardiovascular disease (CVD). Phenome-wide analyses of PCSK9 genetic variants in large biobanks can help to identify unexpected effects of PCSK9 inhibition. Methods and results In the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank, we constructed a genetic score using three variants at the PCSK9 locus associated with directly measured LDL-C [PCSK9 genetic score (PCSK9-GS)]. Logistic regression gave estimated odds ratios (ORs) for PCSK9-GS associations with CVD and non-CVD outcomes, scaled to 1 SD lower LDL-C. PCSK9-GS was associated with lower risks of carotid plaque [n = 8340 cases; OR = 0.61 (95% confidence interval: 0.45–0.83); P = 0.0015] , major occlusive vascular events [n = 15 752; 0.80 (0.67–0.95); P = 0.011], and ischaemic stroke [n = 11 467; 0.80 (0.66–0.98); P = 0.029] . However, PCSK9-GS was also associated with higher risk of hospitalization with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD: n = 6836; 1.38 (1.08–1.76); P = 0.0089] and with even higher risk of fatal exacerbations amongst individuals with pre-existing COPD [n = 730; 3.61 (1.71–7.60); P = 7.3 × 10−4] . We also replicated associations for a PCSK9 variant, reported in UK Biobank, with increased risks of acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) [pooled OR after meta-analysis of 1.87 (1.38–2.54); P = 5.4 × 10−5] and self-reported asthma [pooled OR of 1.17 (1.04–1.30); P = 0.0071] . There was no association of a polygenic LDL-C score with COPD hospitalization, COPD exacerbation, or URTI. Conclusion The LDL-C-lowering PCSK9 genetic variants are associated with lower risk of subclinical and clinical atherosclerotic vascular disease but higher risks of respiratory diseases. Pharmacovigilance studies may be required to monitor patients treated with therapeutic PCSK9 inhibitors for exacerbations of respiratory diseases or respiratory tract infections. Lay summary Genetic analyses of over 100 000 participants of the China Kadoorie Biobank, mimicking the effect of new drugs intended to reduce cholesterol by targeting the PCSK9 protein, have identified potential severe effects of lower PCSK9 activity in patients with existing respiratory disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-4873 , 2047-4881
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2646239-4
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  • 6
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    Importance of healthy lifestyle factors and ideal cardiovascular health metrics for risk of heart failure in Chinese adults
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 51, No. 2 ( 2022-05-09), p. 567-578
    Details
    In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 51, No. 2 ( 2022-05-09), p. 567-578
    Abstract: The relative importance of healthy lifestyle factors and cardiovascular health metrics for the risk of heart failure is uncertain in Chinese populations. We aimed to compare the strength of associations between healthy lifestyle factors and ideal cardiovascular health metrics in the risk of heart failure in middle-aged Chinese adults. Methods A healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was constructed using smoking, drinking, physical activity, diet, body mass index and waist circumference, and compared with a more comprehensive set of metrics that included cardiovascular-disease risk biomarkers (blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids) in addition to the HLS. This broader set of factors [called ‘ideal cardiovascular health metrics’ (ICVHMs)] was evaluated in 487 197 participants in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Results A total of 4208 incident cases of heart failure were recorded during a median follow-up of 10 years. Both HLS [hazard ratio (HR), 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.85, 0.91] and ICVHMs (0.87: 0.84, 0.89) were inversely associated with risk of heart failure (P  & lt; 0.001 for linear trend). Compared with participants with 0–1 HLS, the multivariable-adjusted HR of those with 4–5 HLS was 0.68 (0.59, 0.77). Compared with participants with 0–2 ICVHMs, the adjusted HR (95% CIs) of those who had 7–8 ICVHMs was 0.47 (0.36, 0.60). ICVHMs were more strongly predictive of risk of heart failure (area under curve, 0.61 vs 0.58, P  & lt; 0.001) than healthy lifestyle factors alone. Conclusions Higher levels of healthy lifestyle factors and ICVHMs were each inversely associated with heart failure, and lifestyle factors combined with cardiometabolic factors improved the prediction of heart failure compared with healthy lifestyle factors alone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-5771 , 1464-3685
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab236
    RVK:
    XF 4100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1494592-7
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  • 7
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    In-hospital outcomes of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients 75 years or older with acute coronary syndrome: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China (CCC)–Acute Coronary Syndrome Project
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Age and Ageing Vol. 51, No. 11 ( 2022-11-01)
    Details
    In: Age and Ageing, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 51, No. 11 ( 2022-11-01)
    Abstract: The evidence for the comparative effectiveness and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in older patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is limited, especially in the acute phase of ACS. This study aimed to compare the in-hospital outcomes of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in older patients with ACS. Methods Hospitalised ACS patients aged ≥75 years who were recruited to the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS project between November 2014 and December 2019 and received aspirin and P2Y12 receptor inhibitors within 24 h after first medical contact were included. The primary outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major bleeding. Multivariable Cox regression was performed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the results. Results Of 18,244 ACS patients, 18.5% received ticagrelor. Multivariable-adjusted analysis revealed comparable risks of in-hospital MACE between patients receiving ticagrelor and clopidogrel (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92–1.35). However, ticagrelor use was associated with 45% higher risk of in-hospital major bleeding compared with clopidogrel use (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.09–1.91). Similar results were found in the IPTW analysis. Conclusions ACS patients aged ≥75 years receiving ticagrelor during the acute phase had similar risk of in-hospital MACE, but higher risk of in-hospital major bleeding compared with those receiving clopidogrel. More evidence is needed to guide the use of P2Y12 receptor inhibitors during hospitalisation in older patients with ACS. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02306616.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-0729 , 1468-2834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac231
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2065766-3
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  • 8
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    Poster presentation
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  Europace Vol. 13, No. Supplement 1 ( 2011-02-01), p. i47-i82
    Details
    In: Europace, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 13, No. Supplement 1 ( 2011-02-01), p. i47-i82
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1099-5129 , 1532-2092
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq492
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002579-8
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  • 9
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    Individual and averaged power density spectra of X-ray bursts from SGR J1935+2154: Quasiperiodic oscillation search and slopes
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
    Details
    In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Abstract: The study of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and power density spectra (PDS) continuum properties can help shed light on the still elusive emission physics of magnetars and as a window into the interiors of neutron stars using asteroseismology. In this work, we employ a PDS method to search for the QPOs in the hundreds of X-ray bursts from SGR J1935+2154 observed by Insight-HXMT, GECAM and Fermi/GBM from July 2014 to January 2022. Although no definitive QPO signal (significance & gt;3σ) is detected in individual bursts or the averaged periodogram of the bursts grouped by duration, we identify several bursts exhibiting features at ∼ 40 Hz, attributed to the the proximity intervals between adjacent pulses and consistent with that reported in the X-ray burst associated with FRB 200428. We investigate the PDS continuum properties and find that the distribution of the PDS slope in the simple power-law model peaks ∼ 2.5, which is consistent with other magnetars but higher than 5/3 commonly seen in gamma-ray bursts. Besides, the distribution of the break frequency in the broken power-law model peaks at ∼ 60 Hz. Finally, we report that the power-law index of PDS has an anti-correlation and power-law dependence on the burst duration as well as the minimum variation timescale.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-8711 , 1365-2966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016084-7
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 10
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    Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  British Journal of Surgery Vol. 106, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. e73-e80
    Details
    In: British Journal of Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 106, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. e73-e80
    Abstract: The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1323 , 1365-2168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006309-X
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