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  • MDPI AG  (959)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Prognostic Effect of Multidisciplinary Team Intervention in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Current Oncology Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2022-02-17), p. 1201-1212
    Details
    In: Current Oncology, MDPI AG, Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2022-02-17), p. 1201-1212
    Abstract: Background: The effect of multidisciplinary team intervention (MDT) on the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer (GC) is still controversial. This study aims to analyze the effect of MDTs on the overall survival time of advanced gastric cancer patients. Methods: Patients with advanced GC who underwent surgical treatment between 2007 and 2014 were included in the study. They were divided into two groups; the MDT group received MDT treatment and the non-MDT group received conventional treatment. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the overall survival (OS) of the two groups. The prognostic factors of advanced GC were evaluated by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: 394 patients were included in our study. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the prognosis of advanced GC patients with who underwent MDT intervention was better than those without (3-year OS of 55.6% vs. 46.1%, p = 0.005), Multivariate analysis indicated that MDT intervention could reduce mortality (HR = 0.493, p 〈 0.001). Conclusions: MDT intervention is an effective measure that improves the survival of patients with advanced GC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1718-7729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29020102
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2270777-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Pilot Plant Study on the Autoclaving of Food Wastes for Resource Recovery and Reutilization
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2018-10-06), p. 3566-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2018-10-06), p. 3566-
    Abstract: Autoclaving of food wastes (FW) for the resource recovery and reutilization was studied using the pilot plant scale. Experiments were conducted at various temperatures of 408, 428, and 438 K and times of 15 and 60 min. The in-filled steam to the autoclave was supplied by the incineration plant with a gauge pressure of 7 kg/cm2 and a temperature of 443 K or above. The results obtained from the experiments show that the less energy- and time-consuming autoclaving conditions (408 K and 15 min, denoted as Case A408-15) are effective. Comparisons of the properties and characteristics of autoclaved FW (FWA) of Case A408-15 with those of FW are made. The wet bulk volume and wet bulk density of FW A are dramatically reduced to 15.64% and increased to 313.37% relative to those of FW, respectively. This makes the subsequent processing and reuse for FWA more convenient than FW. The autoclaving results in an increase of carbon content and a decrease of nitrogen content, and thus an increase of the C/N ratio of FWA. The contents of sulfur, hemi-cellulose, and cellulose of FWA are also reduced. All these fluctuations are beneficial for making compost or other usages from FWA than FW. The autoclaved liquid product (LA) separated from FWA and liquid condensate (LC) from the released gas possess high COD and TOC. These two liquids can be mixed for use as liquid fertilizers with proper conditioning. Alternatively, further anaerobic digestion of the mixture of FWA, LA, and LC can offer enhanced biogas production for power generation. All these thus match the appeal of sustainable materials management and circular economy. The emitted gas from autoclaving contains no CO and some hydrocarbons. Suitable air pollution control is needed. The results and information obtained are useful for the proper recovery and reuse of abundant food wastes from domestic households and food industries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su10103566
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of Charging Load Acceptance Capacity of Electric Vehicles in the Residential Distribution Network
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  World Electric Vehicle Journal Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2022-11-17), p. 214-
    Details
    In: World Electric Vehicle Journal, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2022-11-17), p. 214-
    Abstract: After large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) are connected to the residential distribution network, community charging has become one of the main bottlenecks at present, especially in old residential areas. Therefore, the current residential distribution network’s ability to accept charging load and when and how the distribution network needs to be transformed have become meaningful research points. Based on the characteristics of the EVs’ charging load of residential areas on a typical day and the size of the target annual charging load, this paper analyzes the acceptance capacity of the charging load of the distribution network on typical weekdays and weekends. By taking the charging load characteristics, the charging time of EVs, the voltage of each node of the distribution network, the line capacity, the transformation capacity of the distribution station as constraints, and the maximum capacity of the residential distribution network to accept the charging load as the objective function, the charging load capacity of the residential distribution network is analyzed. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to solve the optimized mathematical model. The simulation uses an actual residential distribution network as an analysis example, and the partition optimization results prove the correctness and feasibility of this proposed method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2032-6653
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/wevj13110214
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934699-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Using Plant Temperature to Evaluate the Response of Stomatal Conductance to Soil Moisture Deficit
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  Forests Vol. 6, No. 12 ( 2015-10-16), p. 3748-3762
    Details
    In: Forests, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 12 ( 2015-10-16), p. 3748-3762
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4907
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/f6103748
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527081-3
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Biodiesel Production by Esterification Reaction on K+ Modified MgAl-Hydrotalcites Catalysts
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2019-09-02), p. 742-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2019-09-02), p. 742-
    Abstract: K+ modified hydrotalcites and its activity as a solid base catalyst for ultrasonic wave- assisted biodiesel conversion was investigated. The solid alkaline catalysts of the MgAl-hydrotalcites (HT) was prepared by co-precipitation and modified with K+ by impregnation. The influence of K+ incorporation on the performance of Mg-Al hydrotalcites catalysts was investigated by SmartLab X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), infrared spectrum (IR), thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA), CO2 temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm (BET). The research discovered that K+ modified of double layered structure of MgAl-hydrotalcite resulted in a significant increase in catalytic activity in transesterification of rapeseed oil. It exhibited high catalytic activity that achieved a biodiesel yield of 99% when the reaction was conducted with 2 wt% catalysts, K+/HT load ratio of 6.25%, a methanol/rapeseed oil molar ratio of 12:1, and reaction at 60 °C over 1 h. The result showed that the K+ modified HT as a transesterification catalyst had the potency for biodiesel conversion. In addition, under the above reaction conditions, the biodiesel yield was up to 99.9% in only five minutes with ultrasonic aid.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal9090742
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Flavonoids from Propolis via Nrf2 and NF-κB Pathways
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Foods Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2022-08-13), p. 2439-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 16 ( 2022-08-13), p. 2439-
    Abstract: Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. It has been suggested that propolis possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the main flavonoids of propolis (chrysin, pinocembrin, galangin, and pinobanksin) and propolis extract were researched. The results showed that the cellular ROS (Reactive oxygen species) levels, antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) nuclear translocation, and the expression of NQO1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1) and HO-1 (heme oxygenase 1) were regulated by different concentrations of individual flavonoids and propolis extract, which showed good antioxidant and pro-oxidant effects. For example, ROS levels were decreased; SOD and CAT activities were increased; and the expression of HO-1 protein was increased by chrysin. The results demonstrated that NO (Nitric Oxide), NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase), and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by different concentrations of individual flavonoids and propolis extract. Moreover, the results revealed that the phytochemicals presented antioxidant effects at lower concentrations but pro-oxidant effects and stronger anti-inflammatory effects at higher concentrations. To maintain the balance of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it is possible that phytochemicals activate the Nrf2 pathway and inhibited the NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa B) pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods11162439
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Methanol Extract of Usnea barbata Induces Cell Killing, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage against Oral Cancer Cells through Oxidative Stress
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2020-08-03), p. 694-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2020-08-03), p. 694-
    Abstract: Some lichens provide the resources of common traditional medicines and show anticancer effects. However, the anticancer effect of Usnproliea barbata (U. barbata) is rarely investigated, especially for oral cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the cell killing function of methanol extracts of U. barbata (MEUB) against oral cancer cells. MEUB shows preferential killing against a number of oral cancer cell lines (Ca9-22, OECM-1, CAL 27, HSC3, and SCC9) but rarely affects normal oral cell lines (HGF-1). Ca9-22 and OECM-1 cells display the highest sensitivity to MEUB and were chosen for concentration effect and time course experiments to address its cytotoxic mechanisms. MEUB induces apoptosis of oral cancer cells in terms of the findings from flow cytometric assays and Western blotting, such as subG1 accumulation, annexin V detection, and pancaspase activation as well as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. MEUB induces oxidative stress and DNA damage of oral cancer cells following flow cytometric assays, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS)/mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depletion as well as overexpression of γH2AX and 8-oxo-2′deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). All MEUB-induced changes in oral cancer cells were triggered by oxidative stress which was validated by pretreatment with antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). In conclusion, MEUB causes preferential killing of oral cancer cells and is associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080694
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
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    Organic Acids Improve Growth Performance with Potential Regulation of Redox Homeostasis, Immunity, and Microflora in Intestines of Weaned Piglets
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Antioxidants Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2021-10-22), p. 1665-
    Details
    In: Antioxidants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2021-10-22), p. 1665-
    Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of organic acids on piglet growth performance and health status. A total of 360 weanling pigs (5.3 ± 0.6 kg) were randomly allotted to 3 treatment groups with 12 replicates of 10 pigs/pen. Piglets were fed the same basal diet and given either water (control) or water plus 2.0 L/Ton organic acid (OA) blends, such as OA1 or OA2, respectively, for 7 weeks. Compared to the control, OA1 and OA2 improved growth performance and/or reduced the piglets’ diarrhea rate during the various periods and improved small intestinal morphology at days 14 and/or 49. OA1 and OA2 also increased serum CAT and SOD activities and/or T-AOC and, as expected, decreased MDA concentration. Moreover, at day 14 and/or day 49, OA1 and OA2 increased the jejunal mRNA levels of host defense peptides (PBD1, PBD2, NPG1, and NPG3) and tight junction genes (claudin-1) and decreased that of cytokines (IL-1β and IL-2). Additionally, the two acidifiers regulated the abundance of several cecum bacterial genera, including Blautia, Bulleidia, Coprococcus, Dorea, Eubacterium, Subdoligranulum, and YRC2. In conclusion, both of the organic acid blends improved piglet growth performance and health status, potentially by regulating intestinal redox homeostasis, immunity, and microflora.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111665
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704216-9
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
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    Changes in Carotenoid Concentration and Expression of Carotenoid Biosynthesis Genes in Daucus carota Taproots in Response to Increased Salinity
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 8, No. 7 ( 2022-07-17), p. 650-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 7 ( 2022-07-17), p. 650-
    Abstract: Studying the changes of carotenoids in the taproot of carrots under salt treatment is helpful to probe the salt stress response mechanism of carrots. The carotenoid concentration and the expression profiles of 10 carotenoid-related genes were determined in two carrot cultivars with different taproot colors. Under salt stress, the biosynthesis of carotenoids in the taproot of both ‘KRD’ and ‘BHJS’ was activated. RT-qPCR manifested that the expression levels of DcPSY1, DcPSY2, DcZDS1, DcCRT1 and DcCRT2 increased significantly in both ‘KRD’ and BHJS’ under salt stress, but DcCHXE transcripts decreased and DcPDS transcripts maintained a basal level compared to that of the control. In the taproot of ‘KRD’, the expression level of DcLCYB, DcLCYE and DcCHXB1 climbed dramatically. However, there was no significant change in the taproot of ‘BHJS’. The study showed that salt stress can stimulate the biosynthesis of carotenoids. The accumulation of lutein in the taproots of ‘KRD’ and ‘BHJS’ may be mainly attributed to the variation in DcLCYE and DcCHXB1 transcripts. The increase in β-carotene accumulation is speculated to increase salt tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8070650
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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  • 10
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    Clinical Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (pT3-T4): Real-World Data from the Taiwan Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Collaboration Group
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-02-06), p. 226-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-02-06), p. 226-
    Abstract: The clinical efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is unclear. We aimed to assess the therapeutic outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced UTUC (pT3-T4) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). We retrospectively reviewed the data of 2108 patients from the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group between 1988 and 2018. Comprehensive clinical features, pathological characteristics, and survival outcomes were recorded. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Of the 533 patients with advanced UTUC included, 161 (30.2%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. In the multivariate analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly associated with a reduced risk of overall death (hazard ratio (HR), 0.599; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.419–0.857; p = 0.005), cancer-specific mortality (HR, 0.598; 95% CI, 0.391–0.914; p = 0.018), and cancer recurrence (HR, 0.456; 95% CI, 0.310–0.673; p 〈 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly better five-year OS (64% vs. 50%, p = 0.002), CSS (70% vs. 62%, p = 0.043), and DFS (60% vs. 48%, p = 0.002) rates compared to those who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. In conclusion, adjuvant chemotherapy after RNU had significant therapeutic benefits on OS, CSS, and DFS in advanced UTUC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020226
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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