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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hydrogen-Assisted Cracking in GMA Welding of High-Strength Structural Steel—A New Look into This Issue at Narrow Groove
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Metals Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 904-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 904-
    Abstract: Modern arc processes, such as the modified spray arc (Mod. SA), have been developed for gas metal arc welding of high-strength structural steels with which even narrow weld seams can be welded. High-strength joints are subjected to increasingly stringent requirements in terms of welding processing and the resulting component performance. In the present work, this challenge is to be met by clarifying the influences on hydrogen-assisted cracking (HAC) in a high-strength structural steel S960QL. Adapted samples analogous to the self-restraint TEKKEN test are used and analyzed with respect to crack formation, microstructure, diffusible hydrogen concentration and residual stresses. The variation of the seam opening angle of the test seams is between 30° and 60°. To prevent HAC, the effectiveness of a dehydrogenation heat treatment (DHT) from the welding heat is investigated. As a result, the weld metals produced at reduced weld opening angle show slightly higher hydrogen concentrations on average. In addition, increased micro- as well as macro-crack formation can be observed on these weld metal samples. On all samples without DHT, cracks in the root notch occur due to HAC, which can be prevented by DHT immediately after welding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met11060904
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Characterization of Rat Hepatic Stellate Cell Line HSC-T6 for In Vitro Cell Line Authentication
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-05-29), p. 1783-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2022-05-29), p. 1783-
    Abstract: Immortalized hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) established from mouse, rat, and humans are valuable in vitro models for the biomedical investigation of liver biology. These cell lines are homogenous, thereby providing consistent and reproducible results. They grow more robustly than primary HSCs and provide an unlimited supply of proteins or nucleic acids for biochemical studies. Moreover, they can overcome ethical concerns associated with the use of animal and human tissue and allow for fostering of the 3R principle of replacement, reduction, and refinement proposed in 1959 by William M. S. Russell and Rex L. Burch. Nevertheless, working with continuous cell lines also has some disadvantages. In particular, there are ample examples in which genetic drift and cell misidentification has led to invalid data. Therefore, many journals and granting agencies now recommend proper cell line authentication. We herein describe the genetic characterization of the rat HSC line HSC-T6, which was introduced as a new in vitro model for the study of retinoid metabolism. The consensus chromosome markers, outlined primarily through multicolor spectral karyotyping (SKY), demonstrate that apart from the large derivative chromosome 1 (RNO1), at least two additional chromosomes (RNO4 and RNO7) are found to be in three copies in all metaphases. Additionally, we have defined a short tandem repeat (STR) profile for HSC-T6, including 31 species-specific markers. The typical features of these cells have been further determined by electron microscopy, Western blotting, and Rhodamine-Phalloidin staining. Finally, we have analyzed the transcriptome of HSC-T6 cells by mRNA sequencing (mRNA-Seq) using next generation sequencing (NGS).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11111783
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Different Lactation Stages on Circadian Rhythmicity of Metabolic Biomarkers in Dairy Cows: A Pilot Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Animals Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04-07), p. 1043-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04-07), p. 1043-
    Abstract: Currently, subclinical metabolic imbalances at the individual cow and herd level are detected by measuring biomarkers in single blood samples. However, diurnal variations have not been fully described yet but need to be considered when sampling for a robust ad consistent analysis. The study describes the influence of lactation phases on circadian rhythms and diurnal variations for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total bilirubin (tBIL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in dairy cows. In an observational pilot study, we used 16 clinically healthy Simmental dairy cows subdivided in four different lactation stages (dry-off, fresh, high and late lactating). Every cow was monitored for 24 h, with blood sampling and assessment of clinical parameters every 2 h. Time and lactation stage influence the concentration of the biomarkers NEFA, BHB and tBIL in serum. Further, circadian rhythmicity was found in high lactating cows for NEFA peaking at 5:39 am and BHB peaking at 4:20 pm. We suggest blood sampling for single-point measurements within three hours after the first feeding until two hours after the last feeding of the day. The results provide a new insight into the physiology of circadian rhythms in dairy cows and enable improved metabolic monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani11041043
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mitochondrial Genome of Fagus sylvatica L. as a Source for Taxonomic Marker Development in the Fagales
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Plants Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2020-09-27), p. 1274-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 2020-09-27), p. 1274-
    Abstract: European beech, Fagus sylvatica L., is one of the most important and widespread deciduous tree species in Central Europe and is widely managed for its hard wood. The complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome of Fagus sylvatica L. was assembled and annotated based on Illumina MiSeq reads and validated using long reads from nanopore MinION sequencing. The genome assembled into a single DNA sequence of 504,715 bp in length containing 58 genes with predicted function, including 35 protein-coding, 20 tRNA and three rRNA genes. Additionally, 23 putative protein-coding genes were predicted supported by RNA-Seq data. Aiming at the development of taxon-specific mitochondrial genetic markers, the tool SNPtax was developed and applied to select genic SNPs potentially specific for different taxa within the Fagales. Further validation of a small SNP set resulted in the development of four CAPS markers specific for Fagus, Fagaceae, or Fagales, respectively, when considering over 100 individuals from a total of 69 species of deciduous trees and conifers from up to 15 families included in the marker validation. The CAPS marker set is suitable to identify the genus Fagus in DNA samples from tree tissues or wood products, including wood composite products.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants9101274
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mutations in bdcA and valS Correlate with Quinolone Resistance in Wastewater Escherichia coli
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 11 ( 2021-06-04), p. 6063-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 11 ( 2021-06-04), p. 6063-
    Abstract: Single mutations can confer resistance to antibiotics. Identifying such mutations can help to develop and improve drugs. Here, we systematically screen for candidate quinolone resistance-conferring mutations. We sequenced highly diverse wastewater E. coli and performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to determine associations between over 200,000 mutations and quinolone resistance phenotypes. We uncovered 13 statistically significant mutations including 1 located at the active site of the biofilm dispersal gene bdcA and 6 silent mutations in the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase valS. The study also recovered the known mutations in the topoisomerases gyrase (gyrA) and topoisomerase IV (parC). In summary, we demonstrate that GWAS effectively and comprehensively identifies resistance mutations without a priori knowledge of targets and mode of action. The results suggest that mutations in the bdcA and valS genes, which are involved in biofilm dispersal and translation, may lead to novel resistance mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116063
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long COVID: Association of Functional Autoantibodies against G-Protein-Coupled Receptors with an Impaired Retinal Microcirculation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 13 ( 2022-06-29), p. 7209-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 13 ( 2022-06-29), p. 7209-
    Abstract: Long COVID (LC) describes the clinical phenotype of symptoms after infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diagnostic and therapeutic options are limited, as the pathomechanism of LC is elusive. As the number of acute SARS-CoV-2 infections was and is large, LC will be a challenge for the healthcare system. Previous studies revealed an impaired blood flow, the formation of microclots, and autoimmune mechanisms as potential factors in this complex interplay. Since functionally active autoantibodies against G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR-AAbs) were observed in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study aimed to correlate the appearance of GPCR-AAbs with capillary microcirculation. The seropositivity of GPCR-AAbs was measured by an established cardiomyocyte bioassay in 42 patients with LC and 6 controls. Retinal microcirculation was measured by OCT–angiography and quantified as macula and peripapillary vessel density (VD) by the Erlangen-Angio Tool. A statistical analysis yielded impaired VD in patients with LC compared to the controls, which was accentuated in female persons. A significant decrease in macula and peripapillary VD for AAbs targeting adrenergic β2-receptor, MAS-receptor angiotensin-II-type-1 receptor, and adrenergic α1-receptor were observed. The present study might suggest that a seropositivity of GPCR-AAbs can be linked to an impaired retinal capillary microcirculation, potentially mirroring the systemic microcirculation with consecutive clinical symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137209
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health and Perceived Unmet Needs for Healthcare among the Elderly in Germany
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2017-09-26), p. 1127-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2017-09-26), p. 1127-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101127
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Plasma Enhanced Complete Oxidation of Ultrathin Epitaxial Praseodymia Films on Si(111)
    MDPI AG ; 2015
    In:  Materials Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2015-09-18), p. 6379-6390
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2015-09-18), p. 6379-6390
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma8095312
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    First Evaluation of PRISMA Level 1 Data for Water Applications
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sensors Vol. 20, No. 16 ( 2020-08-14), p. 4553-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 16 ( 2020-08-14), p. 4553-
    Abstract: This study presents a first assessment of the Top-Of-Atmosphere (TOA) radiances measured in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) wavelengths from PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa), the new hyperspectral satellite sensor of the Italian Space Agency in orbit since March 2019. In particular, the radiometrically calibrated PRISMA Level 1 TOA radiances were compared to the TOA radiances simulated with a radiative transfer code, starting from in situ measurements of water reflectance. In situ data were obtained from a set of fixed position autonomous radiometers covering a wide range of water types, encompassing coastal and inland waters. A total of nine match-ups between PRISMA and in situ measurements distributed from July 2019 to June 2020 were analysed. Recognising the role of Sentinel-2 for inland and coastal waters applications, the TOA radiances measured from concurrent Sentinel-2 observations were added to the comparison. The results overall demonstrated that PRISMA VNIR sensor is providing TOA radiances with the same magnitude and shape of those in situ simulated (spectral angle difference, SA, between 0.80 and 3.39; root mean square difference, RMSD, between 0.98 and 4.76 [mW m−2 sr−1 nm−1]), with slightly larger differences at shorter wavelengths. The PRISMA TOA radiances were also found very similar to Sentinel-2 data (RMSD 〈 3.78 [mW m−2 sr−1 nm−1]), and encourage a synergic use of both sensors for aquatic applications. Further analyses with a higher number of match-ups between PRISMA, in situ and Sentinel-2 data are however recommended to fully characterize the on -orbit calibration of PRISMA for its exploitation in aquatic ecosystem mapping.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s20164553
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical and Cytogenetic Characterization of Early and Late Relapses in Patients Allografted for Myeloid Neoplasms with a Myelodysplastic Component
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cancers Vol. 14, No. 24 ( 2022-12-18), p. 6244-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 24 ( 2022-12-18), p. 6244-
    Abstract: An improved understanding of relapse kinetics is required to optimize detection and treatment strategies for the post-transplant relapse of myeloid neoplasms. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed data from 91 patients allografted for MDS (n = 54), AML-MRC (n = 29) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML, n = 8), who relapsed after transplant. Patients with early ( 〈 12 months, n = 56) and late relapse ( 〉 12 months, n = 35) were compared regarding patient-, disease- and transplant-related factors, including karyotype analyses at diagnosis and relapse. After a median follow-up of 17.4 months after relapse, late relapses showed improved outcomes compared with early relapses (2-yr OS 67% vs. 32%, p = 0.0048). Comparing frequency of distinct patient-, disease- and transplant-related factors among early and late relapses, complex karyotype (p = 0.0004) and unfavorable disease risk at diagnosis (p = 0.0008) as well as clonal evolution at relapse (p = 0.03) were more common in early than in late relapses. Furthermore, patients receiving transplant without prior cytoreduction or in complete remission were more frequently present in the group of late relapses. These data suggest that cytogenetics rather than disease burden at diagnosis and transplant-related factors determine the timepoint of post-transplant relapse and that upfront transplantation may be favored in order to delay relapse.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246244
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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