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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Multifaceted Linkages among Eco-Climatic Factors, Plankton Abundance, and Gonadal Maturation of Hilsa Shad, Tenualosa ilisha, Populations in Bangladesh
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Climate Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2024-03-08), p. 40-
    Details
    In: Climate, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2024-03-08), p. 40-
    Abstract: An integrated multivariate approach was applied to gain a deeper understanding of the feeding biology of hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha, collected from six different aquatic habitats across Bangladesh. This approach involved linking climatic factors, ecological factors, plankton abundance in water, reproductive traits, and plankton ingestion data. Climatic data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Climate Data Online (CDO) databases on a monthly basis. Water quality parameters were observed on-site at various sampling sites. Plankton data from water bodies and hilsa guts were collected monthly from the study areas and analyzed in the laboratory. The results obtained were averaged for each month. The correlation tests, multivariate approaches, cluster analyses, and regression analyses revealed that the gonadosomatic index was primarily influenced by climatic factors, the abundance of ingested gut plankton, and heir compositions. The analysis of selectivity indices confirmed that plankton preferentially ingested selective taxa. Thirteen plankton groups were identified in the water column of six different hilsa habitats. The dominant phytoplankton groups were Bacillariophyceae (34–53%), Chlorophyceae (31–50%), Cyanophyceae (4–8%), and Euglenophyceae (1–3%). Additionally, Copepoda, Rotifera, and Cladocera were the most numerous zooplankton groups. Hilsa shad primarily consumed Bacillariophyceae (38–57%), Chlorophyceae (35–53%), and Cyanophyceae (4–6%). However, they also exhibited selective ingestion of higher quantities of Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae to fulfill specific and unique metabolic needs. Cluster analysis revealed the variability of phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance in water and gut in relation to diverse locations. Combining all the datasets, a principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. The first two principal components explained more than 54% of the variability. The first component explained the association between the gonadosomatic index and eco-climatic factors, while the second component extracted the cluster of ingested gut plankton in relation to salinity and pH. Pearson’s correlations and linear regression analyses showed that the number of gut plankton had a positive influence on the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Finally, the outcomes from these extensive datasets have provided a better understanding of the selective feeding behavior and the influence of feeding biology on the gonadal maturation of T. ilisha. This understanding is likely to be useful for maintaining and improving the growth and productivity of the existing production systems for this transboundary species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2225-1154
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cli12030040
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720343-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Embryonic and Larval Development of Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, in Relation to Climatic and Water Quality Parameters
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Life Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-02-19), p. 583-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-02-19), p. 583-
    Abstract: In terms of hatchery-based seed production, one of the most important aquaculture species in Bangladesh is the stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis). Scientific and evidence-based embryonic and larval development research on this fish species in the context of climate change is limited. This experimental study was conducted via induced breeding of stinging catfish using a conventional hatchery system, rearing the larvae in hapas placed in ponds. A series of microscopic observations using a trinocular digital microscope and an analysis of the relationship between larval growth and climate-driven water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, and ammonia were performed. During embryonic development, the first cleavage was observed between 30 and 35 min of post-fertilization. Embryonic development (ranging from the 2-cell to the pre-hatching stage) took 21:00 h. Hatching occurred at 22:30 to 23:00 h after fertilization, with an average larvae length of 2.78 ± 0.04 mm. In the post-hatching stage, four pairs of tiny barbels appeared at 36:00 h, and the larvae started feeding exogenously after 72:00 h. These larvae fully absorbed their yolk sacs on the 6th day and attained an average length of 6.44 ± 0.06 mm. Aerial respiration of the larvae was investigated through naked-eye observation on the 10th day of hatching. The average length of the larvae was 32.00 ± 2.0 mm at the end of the 30-day post-hatching observation period. Bivariate correlation analysis showed significant correlations between key climatic variables and water quality parameters under hapa-based larval-rearing conditions. According to canonical correlation analysis, the first canonical function revealed the highest significant correlation between the two sets of variables (r1 = 0.791). The response variable weight of larvae (6.607) was linked to two explanatory variables: pH (0.321) and dissolved oxygen (0.265). For the second canonical correlation function, a positive correlation (0.431) was observed between the two sets of variables. Larval weight (−18.304) was observed to be linked to climatic variables, including air temperature (−0.316) and surface pressure (0.338). Results of this study reveal the subtle correlation between larval growth and water quality driven by climatic variables.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life13020583
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of the Degumming Process Parameters on the Formation of Glyceryl Esters and 3-MCPDE in Refined Palm Oil: Optimization and Palm Oil Quality Analyses
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Foods Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-01-05), p. 124-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2022-01-05), p. 124-
    Abstract: The presence of glyceryl esters (GE) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) in refined, bleached, and deodorized (RBD) palm oil is severely concerning to the palm oil consumer. In the present study, the influence of the phosphoric acid degumming process on the formation of GE and 3-MCDE and in the RBD palm oil was determined with varying the acid dose (0.03–0.06 wt%), temperature (70–100 °C), and reaction time (15–45 min). The experimental conditions of the acid degumming process were designed following the central composite design of experiments, and they were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the minimal formation of GE and 3-MCDE in the RBD palm oil. The optimal experimental conditions of the acid degumming process were a reaction time of 30 min, phosphoric acid concentration of 0.06 wt%, and temperature of 90 °C. Under these experimental conditions, the minimal GE and 3-MCDE formation in RBD palm oil were determined to be 0.61 mg/kg and 0.59 mg/kg; respectively. Several analytical methods were employed to determine RBD palm oil quality, including color, phosphorus, free fatty acids (FFAs), peroxide values, and fatty acid properties. It was found that the phosphoric acid degumming of CPO effectively removed the phosphorus and hydroperoxide content without conceding the quality of palm oil.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods11010124
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessment of Embryonic and Larval Development of Nile Tilapia under the Traditional and Re-Circulatory Thermostatic System in Relation to Climatic and Water Quality Variations
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Aquaculture Journal Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2023-03-27), p. 70-89
    Details
    In: Aquaculture Journal, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2023-03-27), p. 70-89
    Abstract: Embryonic and larval development of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is very vulnerable to climate change. This study was conducted for an assessment of the embryonic and larval development of Nile tilapia in traditional hatchery and re-circulatory thermostatic systems. Daily changes in embryonic and larval development were measured through microscopic observation and image analysis in the laboratory. Climatic data and water quality parameters were measured every day using appropriate devices. Water temperature was varied with room temperature at the traditional hatchery system while it was maintained at 28.50 °C in the re-circulatory thermostatic system. A total of 200 unhatched eggs were stocked in every three trays of both systems. The egg diameters of the gastrula, segmentation, and pharyngula stages were measured at higher (2261.47 ± 81.66 µm, 2646.24 ± 17.98 µm, and 2710.90 ± 16.60 µm) in the re-circulatory thermostatic system than in the traditional hatchery system (2261.07 ± 81.52 µm, 2645.47 ± 18.24 µm, and 2710.01 ± 16.45 µm), respectively. For both systems, egg colors, egg size, black pigments, germinal ring, eye shape, tail, and heartbeat were determined through microscopic observation. Higher hatching and survival rates were found under the re-circulatory thermostatic system (95% and 97%) than under the traditional hatchery system (85% and 81%). About 6 h less hatching time was required under the re-circulatory thermostatic system than under the traditional system. At the end of 30 DAH (Days After Hatching), larval length and weight under the re-circulatory thermostatic system were found to be higher (15.736 ± 0.424 mm and 0.0528 ± 0.004 g) than under the traditional hatchery system (15.518 ± 0.415 mm and 0.050 ± 0.004 g), respectively. Larval growth patterns for both systems were found to have an exponential trend. PCA analysis revealed that two components were identified, one primarily associated with morphometric characteristics and the other with climatic and water quality parameters. These components showed that there were several interrelationships between the morphometric changes and the climatic and water quality parameters. The characteristic changes of larval development under the re-circulatory thermostatic system and the traditional hatchery system were found to be remarkably similar except for some deformities denoted under the traditional hatchery system. The changes of yolk sac, body pigmentation, dorsal and caudal fin shape, eye size, and head length and width were determined from 1 DAH to 30 DAH. After absorbing the yolk sac, ready-made feed was provided. The water temperature was varied from 30.50 °C to 35.50 °C in the traditional hatchery system. The highest air temperature and humidity were 33.87 °C and 69.94% while the lowest were 29.63 °C and 45.62%, respectively, in the traditional hatchery system. There has been no such comprehensive comparative study on hatchery production in Bangladesh, and therefore, further research might be carried out on broader aspects. This research would be highly beneficial for improving seed production at the tilapia fish hatchery level in the country.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-9496
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/aquacj3020008
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3149645-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigating Earthquake-Induced Changes in the Persian Gulf Marginal Strip, Using Sentinel-1A Images and Radar Interferometry
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Water Vol. 15, No. 17 ( 2023-08-30), p. 3108-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 17 ( 2023-08-30), p. 3108-
    Abstract: Geohazards, such as earthquakes, pose significant threats to human life and infrastructure in various regions across the globe. Iran, in particular, is highly vulnerable to earthquakes due to its unique structural and tectonic characteristics. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor geohazards in order to mitigate their impacts. Several techniques, including the global positioning system, geodesy, tacheometry, and mapping cameras, have been developed for this purpose. Among these methods, radar interferometry has emerged as a particularly accurate and cost-effective approach. It is capable of operating under all weather conditions, 24 h a day, and can cover large areas with high spatial and temporal resolution. In this research, we employed Sentinel 1A images and radar interferometry to investigate the changes in the Earth’s surface following earthquakes in the marginal strip of the Persian Gulf. Specifically, our focus was on earthquakes in Bandar Khamir, and we analyzed the Earth’s surface changes three days and fifteen days after the events. The findings of our study revealed that the most significant uplift occurred around Bandar Khamir, with an uplift rate of 14 cm. Conversely, the highest subsidence was observed near Bandar Charak, with a subsidence of 12 cm. Furthermore, we observed a rise of 32 cm around the eastern and northern regions of Bandar Khamir 11 days after the initial period, accompanied by a subsidence of 31 cm around Bandar Lange and Bandar Charak. These results underscore the importance of continuous monitoring of earthquakes and their impact on the Earth’s surface, particularly in coastal areas where the effects on the water table and coastal infrastructure can be severe. In conclusion, this study highlights the significance of employing radar interferometry as a powerful tool for monitoring and assessing the impacts of earthquakes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w15173108
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Relation to Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Bangladesh
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 14 ( 2022-07-06), p. 8258-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 14 ( 2022-07-06), p. 8258-
    Abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) such as dengue, malaria, and chikungunya are common in Bangladesh, with frequent outbreaks in the rainy season. Analysis of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people toward any crisis is fundamental to addressing any gap. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study mainly focusing on the northern, southern and central parts of Bangladesh to understand the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of people regarding MBDs, mosquito habitats, or control measures. A total of 1720 participants were involved in the study from 33 out of 64 districts of Bangladesh, of which 56.9% were male. While most of them knew about dengue (97.1%), chikungunya (81.4%), and malaria (85.2%), only half of them were aware of filaria (53.3%), which is endemic to the northern region. A knowledge score (0–8, low), (9–16, moderate), (17–24, high), and attitude score (0–4, poor), (5–8, moderate), and (9–13, high) were assigned. While poor and moderate attitudes were considered negative, good attitudes were considered positive. About 45% of the respondents had a moderate knowledge score (50–70); however, about 67.9% of participants showed a good attitude score ( 〉 70) towards the control of MBDs. It was found that the knowledge and attitude of the responders were related to their profession (knowledge p 〈 0.001; attitude, p = 0.002), residential area (knowledge p 〈 0.001; attitude, p 〈 0.001), and education level (knowledge p 〈 0.001; attitude p = 0.004). A mosquito is a kind of nuisance bug, and about 79.8% of responders admitted that they kill mosquitoes as soon as they notice them. They also use bed nets (93.7%) followed by mosquito coils (85.7%) as a preventive method. Interestingly, 73.2% of the responders were reluctant to contact the local government during an increase in mosquito numbers. Overall, the people of Bangladesh have a positive attitude towards the prevention of mosquito-borne diseases. It is highly recommended that the government creates more knowledge regarding this issue and develops collaborative approaches with local people to implement robust preventive measures against mosquito-borne diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148258
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibers from Banana Pseudostem by Acid Hydrolysis: Physico-Chemical and Thermal Properties
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Membranes Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-04-22), p. 451-
    Details
    In: Membranes, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-04-22), p. 451-
    Abstract: Cellulose is a biopolymer that may be derived from a variety of agricultural wastes such as rice husks, wheat straw, banana, and so on. Cellulose fibril that is reduced in size, often known as nanocellulose (NC), is a bio-based polymer with nanometer-scale widths with a variety of unique properties. The use of NC as a reinforcing material for nanocomposites has become a popular research issue. This research paper focuses on the production of banana pseudostem cellulose nanofiber. Nano-sized fiber was obtained from banana pseudostem through several processes, namely, grinding, sieving, pre-treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. The product yield was found to be 40.5% and 21.8% for Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana, respectively, by the weight of the raw fiber. The reduction in weight was due to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin during processing. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the average fiber size decreased from 180 µm to 80.3 ± 21.3 nm. Finally, FTIR analysis showed that the fibers experienced chemical changes after the treatment processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0375
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050451
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2614641-1
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  • 8
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    Radiomics: The New Promise for Differentiating Progression, Recurrence, Pseudoprogression, and Radionecrosis in Glioma and Glioblastoma Multiforme
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Cancers Vol. 15, No. 18 ( 2023-09-05), p. 4429-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 18 ( 2023-09-05), p. 4429-
    Abstract: Glioma and glioblastoma multiform (GBM) remain among the most debilitating and life-threatening brain tumors. Despite advances in diagnosing approaches, patient follow-up after treatment (surgery and chemoradiation) is still challenging for differentiation between tumor progression/recurrence, pseudoprogression, and radionecrosis. Radiomics emerges as a promising tool in initial diagnosis, grading, and survival prediction in patients with glioma and can help differentiate these post-treatment scenarios. Preliminary published studies are promising about the role of radiomics in post-treatment glioma/GBM. However, this field faces significant challenges, including a lack of evidence-based solid data, scattering publication, heterogeneity of studies, and small sample sizes. The present review explores radiomics’s capabilities in following patients with glioma/GBM status post-treatment and to differentiate tumor progression, recurrence, pseudoprogression, and radionecrosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184429
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 9
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    Probiotic-Induced Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells: A Novel Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 15 ( 2021-07-31), p. 8274-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 15 ( 2021-07-31), p. 8274-
    Abstract: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are immune-mediated, chronic relapsing diseases with a rising prevalence worldwide in both adult and pediatric populations. Treatment options for immune-mediated diseases, including IBDs, are traditional steroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, none of which are capable of inducing long-lasting remission in all patients. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a fundamental role in inducing tolerance and regulating T cells and their tolerogenic functions. Hence, modulation of intestinal mucosal immunity by DCs could provide a novel, additional tool for the treatment of IBD. Recent evidence indicates that probiotic bacteria might impact immunomodulation both in vitro and in vivo by regulating DCs’ maturation and producing tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) which, in turn, might dampen inflammation. In this review, we will discuss this evidence and the mechanisms of action of probiotics and their metabolites in inducing tolDCs in IBDs and some conditions associated with them.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158274
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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