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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of Complexity Measurement Tools for Correlations with Health-Related Outcomes, Health Care Costs and Impacts on Healthcare Providers: A Scoping Review
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 23 ( 2022-12-01), p. 16113-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 23 ( 2022-12-01), p. 16113-
    Abstract: Various tools to measure patient complexity have been developed. Primary care physicians often deal with patient complexity. However, their usefulness in primary care settings is unclear. This study explored complexity measurement tools in general adult and patient populations to investigate the correlations between patient complexity and outcomes, including health-related patient outcomes, healthcare costs, and impacts on healthcare providers. We used a five-stage scoping review framework, searching MEDLINE and CINAHL, including reference lists of identified studies. A total of 21 patient complexity management tools were found. Twenty-five studies examined the correlation between patient complexity and health-related patient outcomes, two examined healthcare costs, and one assessed impacts on healthcare providers. No studies have considered sharing information or action plans with multidisciplinary teams while measuring outcomes for complex patients. Of the tools, eleven used face-to-face interviews, seven extracted data from medical records, and three used self-assessments. The evidence of correlations between patient complexity and outcomes was insufficient for clinical implementation. Self-assessment tools might be convenient for conducting further studies. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to develop effective intervention protocols. Further research is required to determine these correlations in primary care settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316113
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Evacuation on the Long-Term Trend of Metabolic Syndrome after the Great East Japan Earthquake
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 15 ( 2022-08-02), p. 9492-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 15 ( 2022-08-02), p. 9492-
    Abstract: There has been an increase in lifestyle-related diseases in Fukushima Prefecture since the Great East Japan Earthquake. However, the overall long-term trends of lifestyle-related diseases in the Fukushima Prefecture according to the evacuation and other area are not reported. Therefore, we examined the long-term trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake in Fukushima Prefecture according to these areas using a national database. The target population was approximately 330,000–440,000 per year; Fukushima Prefecture residents aged 40–74 years who underwent specific health check-ups during 2008–2017 participated in the study. Fukushima was divided into mountainous, central, coastal and evacuation areas. Using the Poisson regression model, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in each fiscal year was determined by gender and age group for each location and compared before and after the disaster as well as between areas. Prevalence increased significantly throughout the observation period, particularly in the evacuation area. Age- and gender-adjusted prevalence rates significantly increased from 16.2% in 2010 to 19.5% in 2012 (prevalence ratios = 1.21) and 20.4% in 2017 in the evacuation area. Among other areas, coastal areas showed the highest increase with 17.9% (2017), followed by central areas with 16.5% (2017) and mountainous areas with 18.3% (2016). These increases were particularly high among men and the elderly. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased rapidly after the disaster, especially in evacuation area, and continued for subsequent 6–7 year. Long-term monitoring and measures to prevent lifestyle-related diseases are needed after major disasters, especially in evacuation areas, among men and the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159492
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Loneliness and Increased Hazardous Alcohol Use: Data from a Nationwide Internet Survey with 1-Year Follow-Up
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 19 ( 2022-09-24), p. 12086-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 19 ( 2022-09-24), p. 12086-
    Abstract: We aimed to examine the association between loneliness and developing alcohol dependence or hazardous alcohol use. A cohort study was conducted utilizing data from a nationwide internet survey in 2021 and 2022 in Japan. A total of 15,854 follow-up participants (55% men, with a mean age of 52.8 years) were divided based on AUDIT scores: nondrinkers (AUDIT: 0), low-risk drinkers (AUDIT: 1–7), medium-risk drinkers (AUD: 8–14), high-risk drinkers (AUDIT: 15–19), and probable alcohol dependence (AUDIT: 20–40). The University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (Version 3), a short-form three-item scale, was used to assess loneliness (high loneliness score of ≥6). The prevalence of high loneliness was higher in nondrinkers than that in low- and medium-risk drinkers, i.e., 22%, 18%, and 17%, respectively, as well as in high-risk drinkers (32%) and those with probable alcohol dependence (43%) compared to non-high-risk drinkers (19%). After adjusting for various factors (sociodemographic, social isolation, psychological distress, and smoking), non-high-risk drinkers (AUDIT: 0–14) with high loneliness were more likely to become high-or-over-risk drinkers (AUDIT: 15–40) than those without high loneliness, with adjusted risk ratios of 1.45 (95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.96) through multivariable binary logistic regression. Among non-high-risk drinkers, people with high loneliness scores at baseline were associated with increased high-risk drinking patterns with probable alcohol dependence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912086
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Coffee and Tea Consumption on Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2018-12-27), p. 48-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2018-12-27), p. 48-
    Abstract: Prospective cohort studies have described an association between coffee or tea consumption and the risk of developing diabetes. However, whether coffee or tea improves glucose metabolism remains uncertain. We investigated the effect of coffee and tea on glucose metabolism by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Electronic databases were searched for articles published up 19 February 2017. The primary endpoint was the mean difference in post-intervention fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels between the groups. Of 892 citations screened, 27 studies (1898 participants) were included in our meta-analysis. A network meta-analysis suggested that green tea, but not caffeinated/decaffeinated coffee or black tea, may reduce FBG levels, compared with placebo/water (−2.10 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI), −3.96 to −0.24 mg/dL; p = 0.03; moderate quality of evidence). In a subgroup analysis, the effect of green tea on FBG levels was statistically significant only in studies with a mean age of 〈 55-years-old or Asian-based studies. The oolong tea group also showed a significant decrease in FBG, but the quality of evidence was very low. In conclusion, green tea consumption might decrease FBG levels, especially in 〈 55-year-olds or Asian-based populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu11010048
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Self-Reported Eating Speed and Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-05-02), p. 1296-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2020-05-02), p. 1296-
    Abstract: There is little evidence linking eating speed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence. We therefore aimed to evaluate the prospective association of eating speed with GDM incidence. Overall, 97,454 pregnant women were recruited between January 2011 and March 2014. Singleton pregnant women who did not have GDM, heart disease, stroke, cancer, type 1 diabetes, and/or type 2 diabetes at the time of study enrollment were eligible. Each woman was asked about her eating speed at that time via a questionnaire. Odds ratios of GDM in relation to eating speed were obtained using logistic regression. Among the 84,811 women eligible for analysis, 1902 cases of GDM were identified in medical records. Compared with women who reported slow eating speed, the age-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of GDM for women who reported medium, relatively fast, or very fast eating speed were 1.03 (0.90, 1.18), 1.07 (0.94, 1.23), and 1.28 (1.05, 1.58), respectively. Adjustment for demographic, lifestyle-related, and dietary factors including dietary fat, dietary fiber, and energy intakes yielded similar results. The association was attenuated and no longer significant after further adjustment for pre-pregnancy body mass index. The mediation analysis showed that being overweight accounted for 64% of the excess risk of GDM associated with eating speed. In conclusion, women who reported very fast eating speed, compared with those reporting slow eating speed, were associated with an increased incidence of GDM, which may be largely mediated by increased body fat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12051296
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Associations between Evacuation Status and Lifestyle-Related Diseases in Fukushima after the Great East Japan Earthquake: The Fukushima Health Management Survey
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 9 ( 2022-05-06), p. 5661-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 9 ( 2022-05-06), p. 5661-
    Abstract: Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between evacuation status and lifestyle-related disease risks among Fukushima residents following the Great East Japan earthquake. Methods: Fukushima health management survey respondents were classified into non-evacuees, returnees, evacuees in lifted areas, and evacuees in banned areas. During a seven-year follow-up, 22,234 men and 31,158 women were included. Those with a history of diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia at baseline were excluded. The odds ratios of risk factors (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were calculated using a logistic regression model. Spatial autocorrelation of the prevalence of these diseases in the Fukushima area in 2017, was calculated to detect the disease prevalence status. Results: The risks of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were higher in evacuees in banned areas than in non-evacuees; the multivariable ORs were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.19–1.46), 1.15 (1.06–1.25), and 1.20 (1.11–1.30) for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, respectively. Returnees and evacuees in lifted areas had no increased risk of diseases. The area analyzed had a non-uniform spatial distribution of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, with clusters around Fukushima and Koriyama. Conclusion: Our findings imply the need for continuous support for evacuees in banned areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095661
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Milk Intake and Stroke Mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study—A Bayesian Survival Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-09-09), p. 2743-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-09-09), p. 2743-
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to further examine the relationship between milk intake and stroke mortality among the Japanese population. We used data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study (total number of participants = 110,585, age range: 40–79) to estimate the posterior acceleration factors (AF) as well as the hazard ratios (HR) comparing individuals with different milk intake frequencies against those who never consumed milk at the study baseline. These estimations were computed through a series of Bayesian survival models that employed a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation process. In total, 100,000 posterior samples were generated separately through four independent chains after model convergency was confirmed. Posterior probabilites that daily milk consumers had lower hazard or delayed mortality from strokes compared to non-consumers was 99.0% and 78.0% for men and women, respectively. Accordingly, the estimated posterior means of AF and HR for daily milk consumers were 0.88 (95% Credible Interval, CrI: 0.81, 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CrI: 0.69, 0.93) for men and 0.97 (95% CrI: 0.88, 1.10) and 0.95 (95% CrI: 0.80, 1.17) for women. In conclusion, data from the JACC study provided strong evidence that daily milk intake among Japanese men was associated with delayed and lower risk of mortality from stroke especially cerebral infarction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12092743
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in Relation to Coffee and Tea Consumption: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-01-24), p. 343-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2021-01-24), p. 343-
    Abstract: Background: The association between coffee/tea intake and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of caffeine, coffee, and tea intake during pregnancy with the risk of HDP. Methods: We assessed this association in 85,533 singleton pregnant women with live births in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a prospective cohort in Japan that included women from early pregnancy onward. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea (green, oolong, and black) consumption during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire conducted at mid-pregnancy, and caffeine intake was calculated based on coffee and tea consumption. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association with the risk of HDP. Results: HDP developed in 2222 women (2.6%). Caffeine intake was weakly associated with increased risk of HDP; the multivariable odds ratio of HDP for the highest versus the lowest quartile was 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 1.11, 1.43). Coffee drinkers of two or more cups per day showed a decreased risk compared with non-drinkers (multivariable odds ratio 0.79; 0.62, 0.99) even after adjustment for total caffeine intake. Tea consumption was not associated with the risk of HDP. Conclusions: Our study suggests that higher caffeine intake may increase HDP risk, while coffee drinkers had a lower risk. Further high-quality studies are needed to replicate these findings, and to elucidate if other substances in coffee may be protective against HDP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13020343
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Asia
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2023-05-26), p. 2481-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2023-05-26), p. 2481-
    Abstract: The most renowned dietary pattern associated with cardiovascular health is the Mediterranean diet, which is well accepted by Europeans and Americans [...]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu15112481
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relationship between Health Counselor Characteristics and Counseling Impact on Individuals at High-Risk for Lifestyle-Related Disease: Sub-Analysis of the J-HARP Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 11 ( 2022-05-24), p. 6375-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 11 ( 2022-05-24), p. 6375-
    Abstract: Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent lifestyle-related diseases among high-risk individuals. This study aimed to examine the impact of counselor characteristics on clinic visits among individuals at high risk for lifestyle-related diseases. A total of 8975 patients aged 40 to 74 years with lifestyle-related comorbidities, who underwent an annual health checkup and received health counseling, were included in this study. Data intervention timing, mode of counseling, number of counseling sessions, and explanation methods were collected. We assessed the impact of counselor characteristics, including profession (public health nurse, clinical nurse, and nutritionist), age, and years of counseling experience, on counseling outcomes. The probability ratios (95% confidence intervals) of clinic visits were 1.22 (1.11–1.35) for public health nurses and 1.04 (0.90–1.20) for nurses compared with nutritionists. After adjustment for participant and counselor characteristics and initial timing, mode, and number of counseling sessions, the corresponding probability ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.16 (1.05–1.29) and 1.12 (0.95–1.31), respectively. Counselor age and years of experience did not influence clinic visits of the target population. Public health nurses were more effective in increasing clinic visits among the target population owing to their profession-specific knowledge, skills, and experience.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116375
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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