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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Fumarate and Nitroglycerin on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Methane and Hydrogen Production, and on Microbiota
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Biology Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2023-07-15), p. 1011-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2023-07-15), p. 1011-
    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fumarate and nitroglycerin on rumen fermentation, methane and hydrogen production, and microbiota. In vitro rumen fermentation was used in this study with four treatment groups: control (CON), fumarate (FA), nitroglycerin (NG) and fumarate plus nitroglycerin (FN). Real-time PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to analyze microbiota. The results showed that nitroglycerin completely inhibited methane production and that this resulted in hydrogen accumulation. Fumarate decreased the hydrogen accumulation and improved the rumen fermentation parameters. Fumarate increased the concentration of propionate and microbial crude protein, and decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate in FN. Fumarate, nitroglycerin and their combination did not affect the abundance of bacteria, protozoa and anaerobic fungi, but altered archaea. The PCoA showed that the bacterial (Anosim, R = 0.747, p = 0.001) and archaeal communities (Anosim, R = 0.410, p = 0.005) were different among the four treatments. Compared with CON, fumarate restored Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochaetae, Actinobacteria, Unclassified Ruminococcaceae, Streptococcus, Treponema and Bifidobacterium in relative abundance in FN, but did not affect Succinivibrio, Ruminobacter and archaeal taxa. The results indicated that fumarate alleviated the depressed rumen fermentation caused by the inhibition of methanogenesis by nitroglycerin. This may potentially provide an alternative way to use these chemicals to mitigate methane emission in ruminants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology12071011
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxygen Gas Sensing with Photothermal Spectroscopy in a Hollow-Core Negative Curvature Fiber
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sensors Vol. 20, No. 21 ( 2020-10-26), p. 6084-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 21 ( 2020-10-26), p. 6084-
    Abstract: We demonstrate a compact all-fiber oxygen sensor using photothermal interferometry with a short length (4.3 cm) of hollow-core negative curvature fibers. The hollow-core fiber has double transmission windows covering both visible and near-infrared wavelength regions. Absorption of a pump laser beam at 760 nm produces photothermal phase modulation and a probe Fabry-Perot interferometer operating at 1550 nm is used to detect the phase modulation. With wavelength modulation and first harmonic detection, a limit of detection down to 54 parts per million (ppm) with a 600-s averaging time is achieved, corresponding to a normalized equivalent absorption of 7.7 × 10−8 cm−1. The oxygen sensor has great potential for in situ detection applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s20216084
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Unraveling the Genetic Architecture for Low Temperature Germinability-Related Traits in Rice Using Genome-Wide Association Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-05-16), p. 1194-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2022-05-16), p. 1194-
    Abstract: Rice is frequently affected by cold weather at high altitudes in temperate and subtropical regions. With the popularity of direct seeding, a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms regulating cold tolerance will enable breeders to develop varieties with strong low temperature germinability (LTG). In this study, six indices including low temperature germination percentage (LTGP), relative germination percentage (RGP), relative plumule length (RPL), plumule length after 6-day recovery (PLR), plumule length recovery rate (PLRR) and recovery ability of plumule length after cold stress (RAPL) were measured to assess LTG, and carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify QTL and candidate genes related to LTG by using a natural population comprising 211 rice accessions. A total of 18 QTL including two for LTGP, three for RGP, five for PLR, four for PLRR, two for RPL and two for RAPL were uncovered on 12 chromosome regions located in chromosome 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 12. On chromosome 2, qLTGP2 and qRGP2 were co-localized at 3.3 Mb, and qPLR2 and qPLRR2 were co-localized at 5.5 Mb; qLTGP5, qPLR5 and qPLR5 were co-localized at 27.8 Mb on chromosome 5; qPLR6 and qPLRR6 were co-localized at 5.7 Mb on chromosome 6; and qPLR12 and qPLRR12 were co-localized at 23.5 Mb on chromosome 12. These results indicated that some LTG-related traits may share the same genetic pathway. For the 18 LTG-related QTL, seven QTL (qLTGP2, qRGP2, qPLR2, qPLRR2, qLTGP5, qPLR5 and qPLR5) were reported for the first time. According to candidate gene analysis, fourteen genes from five QTL (qLTGP2, qPLR2, qLTGP5, qRAPL10 and qPLR12) were considered as candidate genes and will be further functionally validated in subsequent experiments. QTL with superior candidate genes identified in this study will be useful in improving cold tolerance in rice cultivars. The rice varieties with strong LTG identified in this study will enrich the resources of rice cultivation project.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12051194
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Co-Delivery of Repurposing Itraconazole and VEGF siRNA by Composite Nanoparticulate System for Collaborative Anti-Angiogenesis and Anti-Tumor Efficacy against Breast Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2022-06-28), p. 1369-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2022-06-28), p. 1369-
    Abstract: Combinations of two different therapeutic modalities of VEGF inhibitors against angiogenesis can cooperatively impede breast cancer tumor growth and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Itraconazole (ITZ) is a conventional antifungal drug with high safety; however, it has been repurposed to be a multi target anti-angiogenesis agent for cancer therapy in recent years. In the present study, composite nanoparticles co-loaded with ITZ and VEGF siRNA were prepared in order to investigate their anti-angiogenesis efficacy and synergistic anticancer effect against breast cancer. The nanoparticles had a suitable particle size (117.9 ± 10.3 nm) and weak positive surface charge (6.69 ± 2.46 mV), as well as good stability and drug release profile in vitro. Moreover, the nanoparticles successfully escaped from endosomes and realized cell apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition in vitro. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the nanoparticles could induce the silencing of VEGF-related expressions as well as anti-angiogenesis efficacy, and the co-loaded ITZ-VEGF siRNA NPs could inhibit tumor growth effectively with low toxicity and side effects. Taken together, the as-prepared delivery vehicles are a simple and safe nano-platform that improves the antitumor efficacy of VEGF siRNA and ITZ, which allows the repositioning of the generic drug ITZ as a great candidate for antitumor therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071369
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Detection of Antibiotic Resistance in Feline-Origin ESBL Escherichia coli from Different Areas of China and the Resistance Elimination of Garlic Oil to Cefquinome on ESBL E. coli
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 11 ( 2023-06-01), p. 9627-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 11 ( 2023-06-01), p. 9627-
    Abstract: The development of drug-resistance in the opportunistic pathogen Escherichia coli has become a global public health concern. Due to the share of similar flora between pets and their owners, the detection of pet-origin antibiotic-resistant E. coli is necessary. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of feline-origin ESBL E. coli in China and to explore the resistance elimination effect of garlic oil to cefquinome on ESBL E. coli. Cat fecal samples were collected from animal hospitals. The E. coli isolates were separated and purified by indicator media and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ESBL genes were detected by PCR and Sanger sequencing. The MICs were determined. The synergistic effect of garlic oil and cefquinome against ESBL E. coli was investigated by checkerboard assays, time-kill and growth curves, drug-resistance curves, PI and NPN staining, and a scanning electronic microscope. A total of 80 E. coli strains were isolated from 101 fecal samples. The rate of ESBL E. coli was 52.5% (42/80). The prevailing ESBL genotypes in China were CTX-M-1, CTX-M-14, and TEM-116. In ESBL E. coli, garlic oil increased the susceptibility to cefquinome with FICIs from 0.2 to 0.7 and enhanced the killing effect of cefquinome with membrane destruction. Resistance to cefquinome decreased with treatment of garlic oil after 15 generations. Our study indicates that ESBL E. coli has been detected in cats kept as pets. The sensitivity of ESBL E. coli to cefquinome was enhanced by garlic oil, indicating that garlic oil may be a potential antibiotic enhancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119627
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fusion of Audio and Vibration Signals for Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on a Quadratic Convolution Neural Network
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sensors Vol. 23, No. 22 ( 2023-11-13), p. 9155-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 22 ( 2023-11-13), p. 9155-
    Abstract: In this paper, a quadratic convolution neural network (QCNN) using both audio and vibration signals is utilized for bearing fault diagnosis. Specifically, to make use of multi-modal information for bearing fault diagnosis, the audio and vibration signals are first fused together using a 1 × 1 convolution. Then, a quadratic convolution neural network is applied for the fusion feature extraction. Finally, a decision module is designed for fault classification. The proposed method utilizes the complementary information of audio and vibration signals, and is insensitive to noise. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method can achieve high accuracies for both single and multiple bearing fault diagnosis in the noisy situations. Moreover, the combination of two-modal data helps improve the performance under all conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s23229155
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Topical Application of JAK1/JAK2 Inhibitor Momelotinib Exhibits Significant Anti-Inflammatory Responses in DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis Model Mice
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 19, No. 12 ( 2018-12-10), p. 3973-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 12 ( 2018-12-10), p. 3973-
    Abstract: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent skin disease dominated by T-helper 2 inflammation. Momelotinib (MMB) is a novel JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor suppressing the signal transduction of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies indicated that JAK inhibitor could play a therapeutic role in AD disease. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of MMB as a novel JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor in DNCB-induced AD mice and TSLP-activated dendritic cells. Our data showed that topical application of MMB reduced the skin severity scores and total serum IgE levels, and alleviated the histological indexes including epidermal thickness measurement and mast cell number. Also, it was demonstrated that MMB down-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ and TSLP, and inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5 in skin lesions. Moreover, MMB reduced the expression of CD80, CD86, MHCII and mRNA of OX40L in TSLP-activated dendritic cells. In general, our study suggests that MMB can improve the symptoms of AD and topical application of MMB can become a promising new therapy strategy for AD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123973
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Laboratory Research and Evaluation on Design and Application Performance of High-Performance Cold-Mix Resin
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 17 ( 2021-08-25), p. 4828-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 17 ( 2021-08-25), p. 4828-
    Abstract: To improve the safety of orthotropic steel bridge decks and the construction efficiency of bridge deck pavement by enhancing the performance of pavement materials, a new-generation, high-performance cold-mix resin was prepared by carrying out the combination of micro-characteristic analysis and performance test. Meanwhile, the pavement performance and fatigue performance of high-performance cold-mix resin mixtures and hot-mix epoxy saphalt mixtures as a control group were studied experimentally. The results show that different kinds of epoxy resins show bisphenol structure in essence. The curing exothermic peak temperature of the cold-mix resin increases with the heating rate. Both the specific heat capacity (△CP) of cold-mix resin and cold-mix resin asphalts exhibit a sudden change between −20 °C and 40 °C. In resin asphalt mixtures, cold-mix resin forms the network structure skeleton whereas the asphalt distributed in the form of tiny particles. The dosage of respective component has a significant effect on the tensile strength and elongation at break of cold-mix resin. Compared with hot-mix epoxy asphalt mixtures, cold-mix resin mixtures exhibit comparable water stability and high and low-temperature performance, as well as greater fatigue life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14174828
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Systematic Development of Self-Nanoemulsifying Liquisolid Tablets to Improve the Dissolution and Oral Bioavailability of an Oily Drug, Vitamin K1
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Pharmaceutics Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2018-07-18), p. 96-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceutics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2018-07-18), p. 96-
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to improve the dissolution and oral bioavailability of an oily drug, vitamin K1 (VK1) by combination of self-nanoemulsifying and liquisolid technologies. The optimal liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) formulation including VK1 (oil), mixture of soybean lecithin and glycocholic acid (surfactant) and Transcutol HP (cosurfactant) was obtained according to ternary phase diagrams and a central composite design. Based on compatibility, adsorption capacity and dissolution profile, liquid SNEDDS was then solidified on Fujicalin® to form solid SNEDDS by liquisolid technology and compressed directly with excipients into self-nanoemulsifying liquisolid (SNE-L) tablets. Uniform nano-emulsion suspension was formed rapidly when the SNE-L tablets disintegrated in dissolution media and higher drug dissolution was observed compared with the conventional tablets. The results of pharmacokinetic study in beagle dogs showed that the mean Cmax and the area under the curve of SNE-L tablets were remarkably higher than those of conventional tablets, which were consistent with the results of the in vitro dissolution. The relative bioavailability of SNE-L tablets and conventional tablets was approximately 200%. In conclusion, this combination method showed promise to improve the dissolution and oral bioavailability of oily drug vitamin K1.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030096
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527217-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 10
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    Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia Infection in Cattle in Shanxi Province, North China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Animals Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-01-10), p. 252-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-01-10), p. 252-
    Abstract: The information on Chlamydia infection in cattle is limited in Shanxi Province, north China. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors of Chlamydia and Chlamydia abortus infection in cattle in Shanxi Province. In November 2020, a large-scale investigation of Chlamydia seroprevalence was conducted on 981 cattle serum samples collected from 40 cattle farms in 11 cities of Shanxi Province. The seroprevalence of Chlamydia and C. abortus was examined by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The seroprevalence of Chlamydia and C. abortus was 52.29% (513/981) and 2.96% (29/981), respectively, in cattle in Shanxi Province. Location was identified as a risk factor for Chlamydia and C. abortus infection (p 〈 0.05). Under different management patterns, the seroprevalence of Chlamydia and C. abortus in large-scale animal farming companies was higher than that in household animal farms and animal farming cooperatives, and only the seroprevalence of Chlamydia was significantly different in different management patterns (p 〈 0.01). The results showed that there was higher seroprevalence of Chlamydia in cattle in Shanxi Province, while C. abortus was not the dominant species. This study provided baseline information on Chlamydia infection in cattle in Shanxi Province, which constitutes valuable data for monitoring livestock health and preventing potential zoonoses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani13020252
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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