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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unique Metabolic Profiles of Korean Rice According to Polishing Degree, Variety, and Geo-Environmental Factors
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Foods Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2021-03-26), p. 711-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2021-03-26), p. 711-
    Abstract: The precise determination of the chemical composition in crops is important to identify their nutritional and functional value. The current study performed a systematic delineation of the rice metabolome, an important staple in Asia, to investigate the following: (1) comparative features between brown and white rice; (2) variety-specific composition (Ilpum vs. Odae); and (3) cultivation of region-dependent metabolic content. Global metabolic profiling and data-driven statistics identified the exclusive enrichment of compounds in brown rice compared to white rice. Next, the authors investigated a variety-governed metabolic phenotype among various geo-environmental factors. Odae, the early-ripening cultivar, showed higher contents of most chemicals compared to the late-ripening cultivar, Ilpum. The authors identified regional specificity for cultivation among five areas in Korea which were characterized by polishing degree and cultivar type. Finally, the current study proposes a possible linkage of the region-specific metabolic signatures to soil texture and total rainfall. In addition, we found tryptophan metabolites that implied the potential for microbe–host interactions that may influence crop metabolites.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods10040711
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bone Mineral Density and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2023-02-25), p. 1850-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2023-02-25), p. 1850-
    Abstract: Despite the clear association between low BMD and all-cause mortality in the general population, the association has not been validated in patients with nondialysis CKD. To investigate the association of low BMD with all-cause mortality in this population, a total of 2089 patients with nondialysis CKD at stages 1 to predialysis 5 were categorized into normal BMD (T-score ≥ −1.0), osteopenia (−2.5 〈 T-score 〈 −1.0), and osteoporosis (T-score ≤ − 2.5) by the BMD at femoral neck. The study outcome was all-cause mortality. Kaplan–Meier curve depicted a significantly increased number of all-cause death events in the subjects with osteopenia or osteoporosis during the follow-up period compared with subjects with normal BMD. Cox regression models demonstrated that osteoporosis, but not osteopenia, was significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.963, 95% confidence interval 1.655 to 5.307). Smoothing curve fitting model visualized a clear inverse correlation between BMD T-score and the risk of all-cause mortality. Even after recategorizing the subjects by BMD T-scores at total hip or lumbar spine, the result was similar to the primary analyses. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association was not significantly modified by clinical contexts, such as age, gender, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albuminuria. In conclusion, low BMD is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with nondialysis CKD. This emphasizes that the routine measurement of BMD by DXA may confer an additional benefit beyond the prediction of fracture risk in this population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051850
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Underweight and Weight Change Increases End-Stage Renal Disease Risk in Patients with Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2021-12-29), p. 154-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2021-12-29), p. 154-
    Abstract: Weight variability has known as a risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality. However, its effect on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) development remains controversial. We investigated the relationship between weight change and ESRD risk. Overall, 97,029 patients with DM aged 〉 20 years were selected from the Korean National Health Screening Program 2009–2012. Weight change was defined as differences in body weight from the index year to 2 years later. Newly diagnosed ESRD was observed until 2017 end. Over a 5.1-year median follow-up period, ESRD was newly diagnosed in 7932 (4.81%) DM patients. BMI 〈 18.5 kg/m2 and waist circumferences 〈 85/80 and 〉 100/95 cm were ESRD risk factors. ESRD risk increased with increasing weight change; ≥10% weight loss (hazard ratio [HR], 1.247) followed by ≥10% weight gain (1.247) was associated with a higher HR than ≤5% weight change after adjusting for several confounding factors. The association between weight change and ESRD risk in a subgroup analysis was significantly stronger in patients aged 〈 65 years, without proteinuria, with BMI ≥ 25, with DM duration 〈 5 years, and prescribed less than 3 classes of DM medication. Underweight patients showed higher ESRD risks than overweight patients. Weight loss 〉 10% was associated with the fastest decline in renal function.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14010154
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Latent Class Analysis of Health Behavior Changes Due to COVID-19 among Middle-Aged Korean Workers
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2022-02-06), p. 1832-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2022-02-06), p. 1832-
    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify the latent class for changes in health behavior due to COVID-19, reveal the characteristics of participants by type, and identify predictive factors for these types. The participants of this study were office workers between the ages of 40 and 60 and secondary data from the 2020 Community Health Survey of G city was utilized. Latent class analysis was performed on physical activities such as walking and exercise, eating fast food or carbonated drinks, eating delivered food, drinking alcohol, and smoking. Three types of health behavior changes due to COVID-19 were found: (1) decrease in all health behavior type, (2) increase in fast food and delivered food type, and (3) increase in smoking maintenance type. Second, the variables predicting the three types after controlling for general characteristics were health problems, social distancing among the COVID-19 quarantine rules, refraining from going out, and meeting with friends and neighbors and had an impact on COVID-19 life. It is necessary to strengthen non-face-to-face health promotion activities along with quarantine rules for COVID-19. In addition, there is a need for a health management plan for people with non-visible risk factors such as obesity and high blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031832
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Therapeutic Effect of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Cervi Cornu Collagen NP-2007 and Potential for Application in Osteoarthritis Treatment
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 14 ( 2023-07-19), p. 11667-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 14 ( 2023-07-19), p. 11667-
    Abstract: Cervi cornu extracts have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various disorders, including osteoporosis. However, since it is not easy to separate the active ingredients, limited research has been conducted on their functional properties. In this study, we extracted the low-molecular-weight (843 Da) collagen NP-2007 from cervi cornu by enzyme hydrolyzation to enhance absorption and evaluated the therapeutic effect in monosodium iodoacetate-induced rat osteoarthritis (OA) model. NP-2007 was orally administered at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for 21 days. We showed that the production of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -3, and -9, decreased after NP-2007 treatment. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2 were also reduced after treatment of NP-2007. Furthermore, the administration of NP-2007 resulted in effective preservation of both the synovial membrane and knee cartilage and significantly decreased the transformation of fibrous tissue. We verified that the treatment of NP-2007 significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharides-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by regulation of the NF-kB and MAPK signaling pathways. This study indicates that NP-2007 can alleviate symptoms of osteoarthritis and can be applied as a novel treatment for OA treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411667
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pathogenicity and Pathological Characteristics of African Swine Fever Virus Strains from Pig Farms in South Korea from 2022 to January 2023
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Pathogens Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2023-09-13), p. 1158-
    Details
    In: Pathogens, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2023-09-13), p. 1158-
    Abstract: Since the first African swine fever (ASF) outbreak occurred at a pig farm in South Korea in September 2019, as of 31 January 2023, 31 ASF cases have occurred at pig farms, while 2799 ASF virus (ASFV)-infected wild boars have been identified. The circulation of ASFV in wild boar populations poses a high risk of spillover to pig farms in the country. However, information on the changes in the pathogenicity of Korean ASFV strains from wild boars is not available. Investigating the pathogenicity of ASFV strains from pig farms is the only way to predict their alterations. In a previous study, no changes in the pathogenicity of ASFV strains circulating during 2019–2021 were identified through animal experiments. In this study, we chose two ASFV strains with potentially reduced pathogenicity among ten viruses obtained from pig premises from 2022 to January 2023 and estimated their pathogenicities and pathological characteristics. All the inoculated pigs died 8–10 days post–inoculation after showing pyrexia, depression, anorexia, and recumbency together with the common pathological lesions of enlarged hemorrhagic lymph nodes and splenomegaly with infarction. These results support that the pathogenicity among ASFV isolates in South Korea still remained unchanged during the study period.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-0817
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091158
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2695572-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Urinary Angiotensinogen and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomolecules Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-09-10), p. 1280-
    Details
    In: Biomolecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-09-10), p. 1280-
    Abstract: The prognostic value of urinary angiotensinogen (UAGT) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been completely evaluated, although the association of UAGT with renal outcomes has been suggested in specific subsets of CKD. In the present study, to investigate the association of UAGT with renal outcomes in patients with non-dialysis CKD irrespective of the primary cause, a total of 1688 subjects from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) were prospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into the quintile by UAGT to urine creatinine ratio (UAGT/Cr) level. The primary outcomes of interest were composite renal event, which included decline in kidney function and onset of end-stage renal disease during follow-up periods. The median follow-up duration was 6.257 years. Cox regression model analysis unveiled that the risk of composite renal event was significantly higher in the fifth quintile (adjusted hazard ratio 1.528, 95% confidence interval 1.156 to 2.021) compared to that of the first quartile. The association between high UAGT/Cr level and adverse renal outcome remained consistent in sensitivity analyses, including the analysis of the cause-specific hazard model. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association of UAGT level with renal outcomes is modified by certain clinical contexts, such as BMI and albuminuria. In conclusion, high UAGT level is associated with adverse renal outcomes in patients with non-dialysis CKD. Further studies are warranted to elaborate and expand the predictive role of UAGT as a biomarker for renal outcomes in CKD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-273X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biom12091280
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2701262-1
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Job Satisfaction Level of Safety and Health Manager in Construction Industry: Pandemic Period
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 10 ( 2022-05-11), p. 5858-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 10 ( 2022-05-11), p. 5858-
    Abstract: In a widespread social turmoil such as the Pandemic, job groups with high turnover rates and high job stress, such as the construction industry, will have a greater adverse impact than the general job group. This is to be used as basic data in preparing management plans by identifying the factors that hinder job stress and job satisfaction of construction workers. In this study, during the Pandemic period (1 September 2021 to 31 December 2021), a survey was conducted on job stress and job satisfaction among safety and health managers working at construction sites. The overall job satisfaction of workers in the construction industry was grasped by analyzing the level of correlation and the mutual influence on job stress, job satisfaction, general characteristics, and work-related characteristics. As a result, in terms of work characteristics, it was found that the smaller the working period in the current position, the more positive the job satisfaction was (p 〈 0.01). In addition, it was found that job satisfaction increased significantly when there was a promotion opportunity (p 〈 0.001). The construction industry is a job group with high basic job stress and low job satisfaction. In addition, it was evaluated that job stress increased during the pandemic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105858
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Surface Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity of Nonthermal Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jet on Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Materials
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Medicina Vol. 58, No. 11 ( 2022-10-29), p. 1556-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 58, No. 11 ( 2022-10-29), p. 1556-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives The antimicrobial efficacy of a nonthermal atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (NAPPJ) on dental impression materials was investigated. Materials and Methods Type 3 polyvinyl siloxane was used as the impression material, and air and nitrogen NAPPJ were applied. The antibacterial effect of the NAPPJ was measured using the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Streptococcus mutans. Surface chemical characteristics of the impression material were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. Additionally, physical properties were analyzed through surface roughness measurement, detail reproduction, and strain-in-compression test. Results Compared with the control group, the plasma treatment group showed ruptured bacteria membranes, destroyed bacteria structures, a significant reduction in the number of CFUs, and a significantly reduced contact angle. Further, XPS analysis showed that their surface was significantly richer in hydroxyl groups. The surface roughness, detail reproduction, and strain-in-compression results indicated no significant differences between the plasma treatment and control groups. NAPPJ treatment could remove bacteria from polyvinyl siloxane dental impression materials without changing the surface's physical properties. Conclusion Therefore, it is considered a promising method for disinfection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111556
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 10
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    The Fingerprint of Climate Change and Urbanization in South Korea
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Atmosphere Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2018-07-17), p. 273-
    Details
    In: Atmosphere, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2018-07-17), p. 273-
    Abstract: Understanding long-term changes in precipitation and temperature patterns is important in the detection and characterization of climate change, as is understanding the implications of climate change when performing impact assessments. This study uses a statistically robust methodology to quantify long-, medium- and short-term changes for evaluating the degree to which climate change and urbanization have caused temporal changes in precipitation and temperature in South Korea. We sought to identify a fingerprint of changes in precipitation and temperature based on statistically significant differences at multiple-timescales. This study evaluates historical weather data during a 40-year period (1973–2012) and from 54 weather stations. Our results demonstrate that between 1993–2012, minimum and maximum temperature trends in the vicinity of urban and agricultural areas are significantly different from the two previous decades (1973–1992). The results for precipitation amounts show significant differences in urban areas. These results indicate that the climate in urbanized areas has been affected by both the heat island effect and global warming-caused climate change. The increase in the number of rainfall events in agricultural areas is highly significant, although the temporal trends for precipitation amounts showed no significant differences. Overall, the impacts of climate change and urbanization in South Korea have not been continuous over time and have been expressed locally and regionally in terms of precipitation and temperature changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4433
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/atmos9070273
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2605928-9
    SSG: 23
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