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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Positive personality traits moderate persistent high alcohol consumption, determined by polygenic risk in U.S. military veterans: results from a 10-year, population-based, observational cohort study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Psychological Medicine
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Abstract: Understanding the interplay between psychosocial factors and polygenic risk scores (PRS) may help elucidate the biopsychosocial etiology of high alcohol consumption (HAC). This study examined the psychosocial moderators of HAC, determined by polygenic risk in a 10-year longitudinal study of US military veterans. We hypothesized that positive psychosocial traits (e.g. social support, personality traits, optimism, gratitude) may buffer risk of HAC in veterans with greater polygenic liability for alcohol consumption (AC). Methods Data were analyzed from 1323 European-American US veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a 10-year, nationally representative longitudinal study of US military veterans. PRS reflecting genome-wide risk for AC (AUDIT-C) was derived from a Million Veteran Program genome-wide association study ( N = 200 680). Results Among the total sample, 328 (weighted 24.8%) had persistent HAC, 131 (weighted 9.9%) had new-onset HAC, 44 (weighted 3.3%) had remitted HAC, and 820 (weighted 62.0%) had no/low AC over the 10-year study period. AUDIT-C PRS was positively associated with persistent HAC relative to no/low AC [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23–1.67] and remitted HAC (RRR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.07–2.50). Among veterans with higher AUDIT-C PRS, greater baseline levels of agreeableness and greater dispositional gratitude were inversely associated with persistent HAC. Conclusions AUDIT-C PRS was prospectively associated with persistent HAC over a 10-year period, and agreeableness and dispositional gratitude moderated this association. Clinical interventions designed to target these modifiable psychological traits may help mitigate risk of persistent HAC in veterans with greater polygenic liability for persistent HAC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S003329172300199X
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
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    Oestrogens and other biochemical and cytological components in nipple aspirates of breast fluid: relationship to risk factors for breast disease
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1989
    In:  Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences Vol. 95 ( 1989), p. 169-181
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 95 ( 1989), p. 169-181
    Abstract: The breast of the nonpregnant woman secretes, retains or reabsorbs a variety of endogenous and exogenous biochemical substances of potential physiological and clinical significance. Among these substances are steroid hormones, prolactin, growth hormones, and peptide growth factors. Because the concentrations of these hormones secreted into the breast ducts are often significantly higher than the concentrations in serum, the breast epithelium is commonly exposed to very high concentrations of steroid and other hormones which may play a role in the aetiology and pathogenesis of breast disease. This paper presents a brief review of published data on the cytological and biochemical constituents of breast fluid obtained by nipple aspiration and data on factors affecting oestradiol and oestrone concentrations in breast fluid. Concentrations of oestradiol and oestrone in nipple aspirate fluid are much higher than in serum, not correlated with serum levels, much lower in women who recently have given birth or breast-fed their infants, not related to day in menstrual cycle, and higher in women with biopsied benign breast disease compared with nulliparous women without breast disease. Further studies of the interrelationships of hormones, other biochemical constituents and the cytopathology of breast fluid may provide new insights into the pathophysiology and aetiology of breast diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-7270 , 2053-5910
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0269727000010654
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1989
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209231-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    High-intensity laser-driven secondary radiation sources using the ZEUS 45 TW laser system at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers of the Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2021
    In:  High Power Laser Science and Engineering Vol. 9 ( 2021)
    Details
    In: High Power Laser Science and Engineering, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 9 ( 2021)
    Abstract: The rapid development of high-intensity laser-generated particle and photon secondary sources has attracted widespread interest during the last 20 years not only due to fundamental science research but also because of the important applications of this developing technology. For instance, the generation of relativistic particle beams, betatron-type coherent X-ray radiation and high harmonic generation have attracted interest from various fields of science and technology owing to their diverse applications in biomedical, material science, energy, space, and security applications. In the field of biomedical applications in particular, laser-driven particle beams as well as laser-driven X-ray sources are a promising field of study. This article looks at the research being performed at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers (IPPL) of the Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre. The recent installation of the ZEUS 45 TW laser system developed at IPPL offers unique opportunities for research in laser-driven particle and X-ray sources. This article provides information about the facility and describes initial experiments performed for establishing the baseline platforms for secondary plasma sources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2095-4719 , 2052-3289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/hpl.2021.38
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2723155-0
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