Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Foreword -- Preface -- About the Editors -- Table of Contents -- SECTION 1 Evaluation, Status Prediction, Modelling and Developments of Coastal Zones: Management Issues -- 1 Observational Needs for Sustainable Coastal Prediction and Management -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 Defining the Earth System -- 1.2 What is Sustainability? -- 1.3 Modelling the Earth System -- 1.4 Earth System Prediction -- 1.5 Observing the Earth System for Sustainable Management -- 2. OBSERVATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE COASTAL MANAGEMENT -- 2.1 Observing the Natural-human System -- 2.2 Observing the Coast from Microbes to Man -- 2.3 A Prototype Regional Earth System Prediction for an Estuary -- 2.4 Model-data Synthesis for Sustainable Management -- 3. CONCLUDING THOUGHTS -- REFERENCES -- 2 Ecological Modelling as a Tool for Coastal Ecosystem Management -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. COASTAL ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND MODELLING -- 3. STATISTICAL ECOSYSTEM MODELLING -- 4. DYNAMIC ECOSYSTEM MODELLING -- 4.1 Hydrodynamic Modelling -- 4.1.1 Hydrostatic Models -- 4.1.2 Non-hydrostatic Models -- 4.1.3 Challenges of Current Hydrodynamic/Physical Models -- 4.2 Lower Trophic Level Modelling -- 4.3 Higher Trophic Level Food Web Modelling -- 4.4 Sediment Flux Modelling -- 5. SPECIAL ISSUES -- 5.1 Marshes, Wetlands and Mangroves -- 5.2 Data Assimilation -- 5.3 Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Modelling -- 5.4 Model Skill Assessment -- 6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3 Current Status of Coastal Zone Management Practices in India -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. STATUS OF INDIAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT -- 3. IMPACT OF SEA LEVEL RISE ON THE INDIAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT -- 4. MAJOR INITIATIVES FOR PROTECTION OF MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENT IN INDIA -- 4.1 Implementation of the CRZ Notification -- 4.2 Current Status of the CRZ. , 4.3 Objections against the CZM Notification -- 4.3.1 The CZM Notification - Conservation -- 4.3.2 The CZM Notification - Sustainable Development -- 4.3.3 The CZM Notification - Livelihoods -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 4 Climate Resilient Coastal Zone Development in Bangladesh: Participatory Governance for Common Resources Management -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. COMMON PROPERTY REGIME: AN ENTRY POINT FOR POVERTY REDUCTION -- 2.1 Participatory Governance of the Common Resources -- 2.2 Case Studies on Individual, Community and Systematic Capability Approach -- 2.3 Discussion on Case Studies and Way Forward -- 3. COASTAL FOREST RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THROUGH SCIENTIFIC APPROACH -- 4. COASTAL LAND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THROUGH PARTICIPATORY APPROACH -- 5. CREATE MECHANISMS TO ENSURE STAKEHOLDERS' PARTICIPATION IN BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AT LOCAL LEVEL -- 6. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMON WEALTH AND PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT -- 6.1 Common Wealth for Sustainable Management (CWSM) - With Special Reference to SPA -- 6.2 CWSM - With Special Reference to Shrimp Cultivation -- 6.3 CWSM - With Special Reference to Coastal Embankments and Its Erosion Control -- 6.4 CWSM - With Special Reference to Joint Coastal Forest Management -- 7. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 Present Status, Challenges and Management of the Japanese Coastal Zone Environment -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. FACTS ABOUT THE JAPANESE COASTLINE -- 3. MAJOR CONCERNS OF JAPANESE COAST -- 3.1 Sea Level Rise and Climate Change -- 3.2 Eco-hydrological Conditions -- 3.3 Anthropogenic Utilization and Their Impact -- 3.4 Disaster Situation and Their Prevention -- 4. COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT IN JAPAN -- 4.1 Legal Framework of Coastal Management -- 4.2 Integrated Coastal Zone Management-Concept -- 4.3 ICZM Practices in Japan -- 4.4 Challenges for Integrated Coastal Zone Management -- 5. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES. , 6 Integrating Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Models for Decision Support Systems and Management of Coastal Zones and Estuaries -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. STUDY AREA -- 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 3.1 Mixing/flow Dynamics -- 3.2 Spatially Distributed Hydrologic Forcing -- 3.3 Calibration, Validation/Verification with a Case Study -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- 5. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 Creation of System "Delta-Sea" as a Basis of Ecosystem Approach to the Management of Large Aral Sea's Coastal Zone -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SOUTHERN PREARALIE: DEVELOPING SITUATION -- 2.1 Basic Results of Researches Carried Out and Suggestions for Aral Sea's Survival -- 2.2 Eternal Russian Question: What to do? -- 3. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 2 Coastal Zone Water Resources (Quantity and Quality): Challenges for Sustainability -- 8 Critical Evaluation of the Recent Development and Trends in Submarine Groundwater Discharge Research in Asia -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. PHENOMENOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION AND DRIVERS -- 3. ESTIMATION OF THE MAGNITUDE OF SGD -- 3.1 Investigations from the Land Side -- 3.2 Investigations from the Sea Side -- 3.3 Indirect Indicators of SGD -- 3.4 Mixing Near the Sea Shore -- 4. IMPORTANCE OF SGD IN ASIAN OUTLOOK -- 5. CURRENT STATUS OF SGD RESEARCH IN ASIA -- 5.1 Japan -- 5.2 Korea -- 5.3 India -- 5.4 Bangladesh -- 5.5 Thailand -- 5.6 China -- 6. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES -- 7. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 9 Influence of Climate Factors on the Groundwater Resources of Coastal Tamilnadu -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 Study Area -- 1.2 Quaternary Formations -- 1.3 Depth to Water Table -- 2. METHODOLOGY -- 3. HYDROGEOCHEMISTRY -- 3.1 Tritium -- 3.2 Geochemical Nature -- 3.3 18O -- 3.4 13C -- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 10 Natural Arsenic in Coastal Groundwaters in the Bengal Delta Region in West Bengal, India -- 1. INTRODUCTION. , 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Sampling and Analytical Techniques -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3.1 pH, Redox and Major Ion Characteristics -- 3.2 Distribution of Arsenic, Iron, Manganese and DOC -- 3.3 Relationship between the Key Water Quality Parameters with Redox Sensitive Elements -- 3.4 Statistical Evaluation of the Data -- 3.4.1 Factor 1 -- 3.4.2 Factor 2 -- 3.4.3 Factor 3 -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 11 Chemical Composition and Origin of the Coastal Zone Thermal Springs in Far East Russia -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 3. STUDY AREA -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4.1 Major Ions -- 4.2 Trace Elements -- 4.2.1 Siderophile Elements -- 4.2.2 Chalcophile Elements -- 4.2.3 Lithophile Group -- 4.2.4 Rare-earth Elements (REE) -- 4.3 Gas Composition -- 4.4 Origin of Thermal Waters -- 5. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 3 Biodiversity of Coastal Zones and Its Sustainability -- 12 Organic Matter and Mangrove Productivity -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. ORGANIC MATTER SOURCES AND SINKS -- 3. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC MATTER -- 3.1 Atomic C:N Ratio and Stable Carbon Isotopes -- 3.2 Molecular Biomarkers -- 4. OUTWELLING AND TRANSPORT OF MANGROVE ORGANIC MATTER -- 5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 13 Influence of Terrestrial Inputs on Mangrove and Coral Reef: Primary Productivity of the Andaman Islands -- 1. BACKGROUND -- 2. STUDY AREA -- Mangrove Forests of the Andaman Islands -- Coral Reef Ecosystems of the Andaman Islands -- Significance of the Terrestrial and Coastal Ecosystems -- Mineralization and Immobilization -- 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Sampling of Surface Water -- Sediment Denitrification -- Primary Productivity -- Leaf Litter C:N Estimation -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4.1 Spatial Variations -- 4.2 Denitrification -- 4.3 SEDIMENT CARBON AND NITROGEN -- 4.4 Primary Productivity. , 4.5 Leaf Litter C:N Analysis -- 5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 14 Dissolved Metal Distribution in Indian Mangrove Ecosystem: Case Studies from East Coast of India -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- SECTION 4 Threats to Coastal Aquatic Ecosystems: Developmental and Sustainability Issues -- 15 Shrimp Culture: Trend, Consequences and Sustainability in the South-western Coastal Region of Bangladesh -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CURRENT STATE OF SHRIMP CULTURE -- 3. THE TRENDS -- 3.1 Trends in the Changes of Land-use Pattern -- 3.2 Trends in Employment Pattern -- 3.3 Trends in Yield, Export and Earnings -- 3.4 Trends in Local Supply Chain -- 4. THE CONSEQUENCES -- 4.1 Consequences on the Physical Environment -- 4.2 Consequences on the Biological Environment -- 4.3 Societal and Economic Consequences -- 5. THE BLUE REVOLUTION: A REALITY CHECK -- 6. THE ISSUE OF SUSTAINABILITY: ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS -- 7. THE MEASURES FOR SUSTAINABILITY: POLICY AND LEGAL ISSUES -- 8. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 16 Role of Sand Dunes and Mangroves in the Mitigation of Coastal Hazards with Reference to 2004 Tsunami -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SAND DUNES -- 2.1 Sand Dunes Saved the Villages -- 2.2 Saving the Sand Dunes -- 2.2.1 Dune Grass Planting -- 2.2.2 Dune Thatching -- 2.2.3 Sand Bag Structures -- 2.2.4 Public Awareness and Community-based Participation -- 3. MANGROVES -- 3.1 Causes of Depletion -- 3.2 Mangroves - Life Saving Role -- 3.3 Protecting Mangroves -- 4. MODEL PLAN -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 17 Assessment of Potential Health Risk through Arsenic Flow in FoodChain-A Study in Gangetic Delta of West Bengal -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1 Teflon Bomb Digestion of Vegetable and Crop Samples -- 2.2 Sample Analysis -- 3. RESULTS. , 3.1 Bioaccumulation of Arsenic in Cereals and Pulses.