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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of solid surfaces in aqueous systems (1982)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 260 (1982), S. 444-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Surface forces ; surface hydration ; electrical double layer ; disjoining pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The interaction between two high-grade polished fused silica plates separated by a thin layer of aqueous LiCl, NaCl and KCl solution, respectively, was determined by means of a selfdeveloped method. Concerning the repulsion created by overlap of the electrical double layers excellent agreement with the DLVO theory down to separation of about 5 nm were found. For still smaller separations a relatively strong additional repulsion arises which according to experimental evidence might be assigned to the overlap of hydration layers emanating chiefly from the alkali metal halide ions adsorbed onto the silica surfaces. Our results agree well with those obtained by Israelachvili et al. and Pashley, who used mica sheets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01448150
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vesiculation of unsonicated phospholipid dispersions containing phosphatidic acid by pH adjustment: physicochemical properties of the resulting unilamellar vesicles (1983)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 22 (1983), S. 4775-4781 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00289a025
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A search for internal distortion in CeBi (1980)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 13 (1980), S. 529-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: At the IA magnetic transition (12.5 K) in CeBi a theoretical study has suggested that either the Ce or Bi sublattices should move with respect to the other. Such a distortion would give rise to extra reflections of the form 0′0′l+½. A search for such a reflection using a Bond X-ray diffraction technique was conducted. The 007½ line was not found and an upper limit of 2̃ × 10−4 was set for the magnitude of the expected internal distortion. This limit is valid for a surface layer whose thickness equals the penetration depth of the X-radiation which is about 0.4 × 10−2 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889880012721
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle scattering at a pulsed neutron source: comparison with a steady-state reactor (1982)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 15 (1982), S. 443-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A time-of-flight small-angle diffractometer employing seven tapered collimator elements and a two-dimensional gas proportional counter was successfully utilized to collect small-angle scattering data from a solution sample of the lipid salt cetylpyridinium chloride, C21H38N+.Cl−, at the Argonne National Laboratory prototype pulsed spallation neutron source, ZING-P′. Comparison of the small-angle scattering observed from the same compound at the University of Missouri Research Reactor corroborated the ZING-P′ results. The results are used to compare the neutron flux available from the ZING-P′ source relative to the well characterized University of Missouri source. Calculations based on experimentally determined parameters indicated the time-averaged rate of detected neutrons at the ZING-P′ pulsed spallation source to have been at least 33% higher than the steady-state count rate from the same sample. Differences between time-of-flight techniques and conventional steady-state techniques are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889882012333
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1980)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Mathematik 89 (1980), S. 77-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01571567
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of salbutamol and otherβ-agonists on hypothermia induced by clonidine, apomorphine and reserpine in mice (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 52 (1981), S. 259-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clonidine administered to mice induced hypothermia and this effect was antagonized by a single dose of the followingβ-agonists: salbutamol, isoprenaline and terbutaline. The effect of theseβ-agonists was completely antagonized by propranolol. The effect of terbutaline on reserpine-and apomorphine-induced hypothermia was also studied; it causing a slight but significant reversal of hypothermia. This effect was also blocked by propranolol. The results obtained here showed theseβ-agonists behave in a manner similar to other antidepressant drugs. The data reinforces the view thatβ-stimulation is of great importance in antidepressant action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01256751
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adenine and hypoxanthine metabolism in phythohemagglutinin-stimulated and unstimulated human lymphocytes (1980)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 40 (1980), S. 137-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Blutlymphozyten ; Adeninstoffwechsel ; Hypoxanthinstoffwechsel ; Phytohaemagglutinin ; Blood lymphocytes ; Adenine metabolism ; Hypoxanthine metabolism ; Phytohemagglutinin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The uptake and subsequent metabolism of adenine and hypoxanthine in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated and unstimulated peripheral human blood lymphocytes, freshly prepared or cultured, were studied. To investigate the initial step of nucleic acid metabolism the incorporation of14C-purines into the acid soluble material was examined. No preferential uptake of adenine or hypoxanthine was observed in freshly prepared and cultured lymphocytes during an incubation of 1 h. However, cultured cells utilized approximately 1/3 of the purines compared to freshly drawn cells. Within the cells 2/3 of adenine and 1/2 of hypoxanthine were metabolized to nucleotides (mainly AMP and ADP). Incubation of lymphocytes with PHA for 1 h produced in the freshly prepared cells an increase of adenine- and hypoxanthine-uptake to 191% and 153%, in 48 h stimulated cells to 158% and 132%. There was, however, no change in the relative rates of the metabolic routes though the intracellular concentrations of nucleotides formed increased with adenine as substrate to 152% and with hypoxanthine to 161% during a 1 h stimulation. In contrast no enhanced formation of acid soluble nucleotide formation could be observed with PHA stimulation during 48 h. The increased rates of purine uptake and metabolism apparent 1 h after addition of mitogen may be due to an altered transport mechanism at the beginning of the transformation as an adaptive response to the increased requirements for the synthetic processes soon to follow. Once the lymphocytes are transformed no demand of purines is necessary and the uptake and metabolism is switched off.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Aufnahme und der Stoffwechsel von Adenin und Hypoxanthin in Phytohaemagglutinin-stimulierten und unstimulierten Blutlymphozyten wurden untersucht. Durch den Einbau von14C-markierten Purinen in die säurelösliche Fraktion sollte der 1. Schritt des Nukleinsäurestoffwechsels gemessen werden. Zwischen frisch präparierten und 48 h kultivierten Lymphozyten konnte keine bevorzugte Aufnahme von Adenin bzw. Hypoxanthin festgestellt werden. Die kultivierten Zellen metabolisierten jedoch im Vergleich zu den frisch gewonnenen Lymphozyten nur etwa 1/3 der Purine. Intrazellulär wurde 2/3 des Adenins und die Hälfte des Hypoxanthins hauptsächlich zu den Nukleotiden AMP und ADP metabolisiert. Eine 1stündige Inkubation mit PHA führte in den frischen Lymphozyten zu einem Anstieg der Adenin-bzw. Hypoxanthinaufnahme auf 191% bzw. 153% verglichen mit den Ausgangswerten. Hingegen stiegen die entsprechenden Werte während einer PHA-Stimulation von 48 h auf 158% bzw. 132% an. Obwohl die intrazelluläre Bildung der Nukleotide aus Adenin bzw. Hypoxanthin nach 1 h PHA-Stimulation auf 152% bzw. 161% anstieg, kam es zu keiner Änderung der relativen Durchflußraten der verschiedenen Stoffwechselwege. Im Gegensatz war nach 48 h Stimulation keine vermehrte Nukleotidbildung nachweisbar. Sowohl die gesteigerte Aufnahme als auch die erhöhte Nukleotidbildung nach 1 h PHA-Stimulation könnte auf geänderte Transporteigenschaften der Lymphozytenmembran hinweisen und die erste Antwort der Zelle auf den mitogenen Reiz darstellen. Dadurch könnte der gesteigerte Bedarf an niedermolekularen Substanzen für die nachfolgenden Biosynthesen gedeckt werden. Nach abgeschlossener Transformation würde kein vermehrter Bedarf bestehen und somit die Aufnahme und Metabolisierung gedrosselt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01013696
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thyroid hormone action on intermediary metabolism (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 11-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Thyroid hormones ; Intermediary metabolism ; Respiration ; Thermogenesis ; Carbohydrate metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of thyroid hormones on mitochondrial respiration are summarized: T3 directly stimulates mitochondrial respiration and the synthesis of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP). Cytosolic ATP availability is increased by a thyroid hormone-induced increase in adenine nucleotide translocation across the mitochondrial membrane; the steady state ATP concentration and the cytosolic ATP/adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP) ratio is even decreased in hyperthyroid tissues because of the simultaneous stimulation of the synthesis and consumption of ATP. With regard to the thyroid hormone-induced energy wasting processes, heart work, intra- and interorgan futile cycling and Na+/K+-ATPase are involved to varying degrees. As a consequence of the thyroid hormone-induced hydrolysis of ATP, thermogenesis is increased in hyper- and decreased in hypothyroidism. Despite an increased rate of glucose utilization, clinical and experimental hyperthyroidism is often characterized by an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test. This finding is due to the thyroid hormone-induced increase in intestinal glucose absorption as well as the still enhanced endogenous glucose production in the liver. Hypothyroid patients show a reduced glucose tolerance test because of a decrease in intestinal glucose absorption and a sometimes reduced glucose turnover. The thyroid hormone-induced alterations in glucose metabolism are most probably not due to alterations in serum insulin levels and/or to a peripheral insulin resistance at the receptor level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01725187
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thyroid hormone action on intermediary metabolism (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Thyroid Hormones ; Hypothyroidism ; Hyperthyroidism ; Protein metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In their physiological concentrations, thyroid hormones stimulate the synthesis as well as the degradation of proteins, whereas in supraphysiological doses protein catabolism predominates. In hyperthyroidism skeletal muscle protein stores suffer depletion which is reflected by an increased urinary N- and methylhistidine -excretion. Due to the enhanced skeletal muscle amino acid release, the plasma concentration of glucoplastic amino acids are often enhanced, contributing by means of an elevated substrate supply to the increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Thyroid hormone excess induces cardiac hypertrophy which is in direct contrast to the hypotroph skeletal muscle in hyperthyroid patients. Thyroid hormones stimulate a series of intracellular and secretory proteins in the liver, although in hyperthyroid liver alcohol dehydrogenase and the enzymes of histidine and tryptophan metabolism show reduced activities. The stimulatory effect is due to thyroid hormone-induced increase in the protein synthesis at a pretranslational level and is supported experimentally for malic enzyme, α2u-globulin and albumin by the measurement of their specific messenger RNA activities. Thyroid hormone action at the cellular level is reflected by a generalized increase in total cellular RNA with a selective increase or decrease in a small population of specific mRNA. The activities of protein catabolizing lysosomal enzymes are stimulated by thyroid hormones; up to now effects of T3 on the degradation of specific enzymes have not been reported. Serum total protein concentration is slightly reduced or even unchanged in hyperthyroidism. The thyroid hormone-induced increase in the turnover of total body protein is part of the hypermetabolism observed in hyperthyroidism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01738699
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Ein in vitro-Test für die Sarkoidose-Diagnostik (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme ; Sarcoidosis ; Granulomatous diseases ; Clinical diagnosis ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ; Sarkoidose ; Granulomatosen ; klinische Diagnostik
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 50 Patienten mit Sarkoidose (39 mit aktiver, 11 mit inaktiver Sarkoidose) wurde das Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) im Serum bestimmt. Die Gruppe der Kontrollpatienten umfaßte 50 Personen (34 mit chronischen Lungenerkrankungen, 9 mit Morbus Hodgkin, 7 mit chronischer Polyarthritis). Der Unterschied der Mittelwerte der ACE-Aktivität war zwischen Sarkoidosepatienten (28,6±11,4) und Kontrollpatienten (14,8±4) hochsignifikant (p〈0,001). Ebenso fand sich ein deutlicher Unterschied zwischen Patienten mit aktiver (32,8±11) und inaktiver Sarkoidose (21,9±5,1) mit einemp〈0,001. Corticosteroide senken die ACE-Aktivität bei Sarkoidosepatienten deutlich, ohne daß dies als Hinweis für eine Besserung der Sarkoidose gewertet werden kann. Die gesteigerte ACE-Aktivität bei anderen epitheloidzelligen Granulomatosen (biliäre Zirrhose, Morbus Gaucher, Lepra, Asbestose) repräsentiert möglicherweise einen mit der Sarkoidose gemeinsamen pathophysiologischen Mechanismus.
    Notes: Summary Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was studied in 50 patients with sarcoidosis (39 active, 11 inactive) as well as in 50 control patients (34 with chronic nonspecific lung disease, 9 with Hodgkin and 7 with rheumatoid arthritis). There was a significant difference of ACE activity between sarcoidosis patients (28.6±11.4) and controls (14.8±4), and also between active (32.8±11) and inactive (21.9±5.1) sarcoidosis (p〈0.001). Coricosteroid treatment seems to lower ACE activity in patients with sarcoidosis without offering a clue for clinical improvement. Increased ACE activity in other granulomatous disorders is being discussed. ACE activity thus proves to be a valuable test especially in differentiating active from inactive sarcoidosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476778
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