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  • 1985-1989  (1)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
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  • 1
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (99 Seiten = 4 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karte
    Language: German
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 51 (1979), S. 796-797 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Untersuchungen an Ketosen, 1. - Verteilung furanoider und pyranoider Tautomerer der D-Fructose in Wasser, Dimethylsulfoxid und Pyridin anhand der 1H-NMR-Intensitäten anomerer Hydroxygruppen in [D6]DMSOIn [D6]DMSO ergeben die anomeren 2-OH-Gruppen der furanoiden und pyranoiden Tautomeren der D-Fructose scharfe, eindeutig getrennte Singuletts, aus deren Intensität die Tautomerenverteilung in Abhängigkeit von Zeit und Temperatur genau bestimmt werden kann. Da in DMSO die Equilibrierung äußerst langsam verläuft, läßt sich die OH-NMR-Methodik auf andere Lösungsmittel dadurch übertragen, daß eine Probe eingefroren (flüssiger N2), die resultierende Eismatrix in DMSO-Lösung übergeführt und rasch hinsichtlich der OH-Intensitäten vermessen wird. Die so für wäßrige Fructose-Lösungen zwischen 0 und 80°C erhaltenen Daten zeigen eine lineare Beziehung zwischen Gleichgewichtsverteilung und Temperatur derart, daß die beiden Fructofuranose-Formen ebenso wie das α-p-Tautomer mit steigender Temperatur zu Lasten des β-p-Isomeren zunehmen, das bei 80°C 55%, bei 110°C (d. h. in der Schmelze) 45% des Gleichgewichtsgemisches ausmacht. Pyridin weist eine ähnliche Linearität zwischen Gleichgewichtszusammensetzung und Temperatur auf, sowie eine ausgesprochene Temperaturabhängigkeit der Equilibrierungsgeschwindigkeit: bei 0°C kaum nachweisbar, über 60°C praktisch sofort, was den unterschiedlichen Verlauf vieler Fructose-Derivatisierungen in Pyridin erstmals verstehen läßt.
    Notes: In [D6]DMSO the anomeric 2-OH groups of furanoid and pyranoid tautomers of D-fructose give distinct, clearly separated singlets, their intensities providing an exact measure of the tautomeric distribution and allowing its determination as a function of temperature and time. Equilibration of tautomers in DMSO being exceedingly slow, this OH-NMR methodology can be applied to determine tautomeric ratios in other solvents, too, by freezing a sample (liquid N2), dissolution of the resulting ice-matrix in DMSO and rapid recording of the intensities in the low-field OH-region. The data obtained in this way for aqueous solutions at equilibrium between 0 and 80°C correlate well with 13C NMR-derived values yet are more consistent and considerably more easy to obtain; they exhibit a clearly linear relationship between equilibrium composition and temperature such that the two fructofuranoses and the α-p-tautomer increase with temperature on expense of the β-p-form, which at 80°C comprises 55%, at 110°C (i.e. in the molten state) only 45% of the tautomers. In pyridine, the equilibrium distribution shows a similar linear temperature dependence as does the rate of equilibration, being nearly nondetectable at 0°C versus essentially instantaneous adaption above 60°C, thereby explaining the different outcome of fructose derivatizations in pyridine.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    In:  (PhD/ Doctoral thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 87 pp
    Publication Date: 2018-01-09
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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