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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factor IX inhibition and epitope localization of factor IX inhibitor antibodies in haemophilia B patients with anaphylactoid reactions (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 3 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. We describe the results of immunological studies, reaction kinetics and epitope localization of six inhibitor antibodies to factor IX (FIX) developed in severe haemophilia B patients. Three of the six patients had suffered recent anaphylactoid reactions to FIX concentrates, two others had in the past and one had none. All six inhibitors rapidly inactivated FIX activity in vitro, and the prominent immunoglobulin (IgG) subclass of the antibody was IgG4 when analysed with ELISA. Interestingly, we found an additional IgG1 component in the antibody samples from the patients who had recently experienced anaphylactoid reactions to FIX. When analysed with Western blotting in these three patients, the IgG4 antibody bound with enhanced affinity to the heavy chain or the light chain of FIX, and in two of the three the IgG1 antibody also bound strongly to the FIX heavy chain. The results suggest that the heavy chain of FIX might play a more significant role than the light chain in the pathogenesis of anaphylactoid reactions in haemophilia B patients with FIX inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2516.1997.00070.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GENE EXPRESSION OF PROSTACYCLIN RECEPTOR IN THE HYPERTROPHIED HEART OF SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Prostacyclin elicits potent vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation through binding to its membrane receptor. The impairment of prostacyclin receptor activity is implicated in various human cardiovascular diseases. We recently succeeded in molecular cloning of cDNA for the mouse, rat, and human prostacyclin receptors.2. In the present study, we examined the mRNA expression of the prostacyclin receptor in various rat tissues, and further investigated its gene expression in the hypertrophied cardiac ventricles of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP).3. In rat tissues, a single RNA band of approximately 3.7 kb was detected by northern blotting analysis using rat prostacyclin receptor cDNA as a probe. In adult Wistar rats, abundant mRNA expression was observed in the aorta, lung and spleen. Substantial amounts of transcript were expressed in the heart, pancreas, thymus and stomach. In contrast, no mRNA expression was detected in the brain.4. We further examined the mRNA expression of the prostacyclin receptor in the ventricles of 21 week old SHRSP. The ventricles of SHRSP showed remarkable hypertrophy, compared with those of age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. The expression of prostacyclin receptor mRNA in the hypertrophied ventricles of SHRSP was almost equivalent to that in the ventricles of WKY.5. The present study revealed the gene expression of the prostacyclin receptor in various rat tissues, and further demonstrated the receptor mRNA expression in hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. The present study will give a clue to investigate the clinical implication of prostacyclin and its receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02912.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENDOTHELIN-INDUCED ACTIVATION OF MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES IN GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS FROM NORMOTENSIVE AND STROKE-PRONE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Kinase assay in myelin basic protein (MBP) containing polyacrylamide gels revealed that endothelin-1 (ET-1) and ET-3 increased MBP kinase activities in glomerular mesangial cells (MC) from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP). ET-1 stimulated MBP kinase activities more potently than ET-3.2. Immunoprecipitation with anti-41-kDa MAPK antiserum showed that the MBP kinases activated by ET-1 correspond to 43- and 41-kDa MAPK.3. Since Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a direct activator of protein kinase C, also activated MAPK, protein kinase C was suggested to mediate ET-induced activation of MAPK.4. These results suggest that MAPK may mediate the ET actions in glomerular mesangial cells from normotensive rats as well as spontaneously hypertensive rats. Since ET is produced by vascular endothelial cells of the kidney and glomerular mesangial cells, the ET signalling pathway may have some physiological and pathophysiological significance in wivo glomerulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02885.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DS – a 3D graphics simulation program for single-crystal diffractometry (1995)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 28 (1995), S. 225-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A brief description of a 3D graphics simulation program for single-crystal diffractometry is presented. The program displays both χ- and κ-type diffractometers with a zero-dimensional (conventional) counter or a two-dimensional area detector and simulates the process of data collection. This program has been designed for assisting actual data collection using these devices, but it could also be useful as a tutorial aid for those starting to learn single-crystal diffractometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S002188989401277X
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous SAS and 100 Experiments on Phase Decomposition and Reversion in Al–Li Binary Alloys (1997)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 586-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Phase decomposition and reversion processes in Al–Li binary alloys have been studied by synchrotron-radiation small-angle/100 scattering experiments. The microstructure and its evolution obtained from small-angle scattering (SAS) and 100 profiles during phase decomposition and reversion are discussed. For the coarsening and reversion processes where a well defined interface between the δ′ precipitates and the matrix can be expected, the information obtained from the SAS and 100 profiles was essentially the same. On the other hand, the structural information they convey can be different in the early stage of phase decomposition. The interpretation of the SAS and 100 intensities by means of an extension of the two-phase model has been examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889897002409
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression of the human prostaglandin E receptor EP4 subtype: differential regulation in monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells by phorbol ester (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Prostaglandin E receptor ; EP4 subtype ; THP-1 ; Cyclic AMP ; Phorbol myristate acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We isolated a cDNA clone encoding the human prostaglandin (PG) E receptor EP4 subtype and examined the gene expression in human blood cells. Northern blot analysis revealed that the EP4 gene is expressed at a high level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and at lower levels in cultured human blood cell lines, THP-1 and U937 (monocytoid cell lines), MOLT-4 and Jurkat (T-cell lines), and Raji (B-cell line). To examine regulation of the EP4 gene expression in the immune system, we studied the effects of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on these cell lines. Gene expression was upregulated in THP-1, U937, and Raji cells by PMA, and was downregulated in MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. In THP-1 cells the effects of PMA were further analyzed, and the upregulation of the EP4 gene was shown to be followed by an increase in PGE2 binding sites and in PGE2-induced cAMP accumulation. In the striking contrast, other PGE receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2 and EP3) and other prostanoid receptors (IP and DP) were shown not to be upregulated by PMA. Therefore, this is the first demonstration of a highly specific upregulation of the EP4 subtype in THP-1 cells treated with PMA, suggesting the importance of the EP4 subtype in the immune system. In the present study we also clarified that EP4 gene expression is regulated differently among human monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells, thus leading to the better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms for the human EP4 gene expression in the immune system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207510
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression of the human prostaglandin E receptor EP4 subtype: differential regulation in monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells by phorbol ester (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Prostaglandin E receptor ; EP4 subtype ; THP-1 ; Cyclic AMP ; Phorbol myristate acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We isolated a cDNA clone encoding the human prostaglandin (PG) E receptor EP4 subtype and examined the gene expression in human blood cells. Northern blot analysis revealed that the EP4 gene is expressed at a high level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and at lower levels in cultured human blood cell lines, THP-1 and U937 (monocytoid cell lines), MOLT-4 and Jurkat (T-cell lines), and Raji (B-cell line). To examine regulation of the EP4 gene expression in the immune system, we studied the effects of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on these cell lines. Gene expression was upregulated in THP-1, U937, and Raji cells by PMA, and was downregulated in MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. In THP-1 cells the effects of PMA were further analyzed, and the upregulation of the EP4 gene was shown to be followed by an increase in PGE2 binding sites and in PGE2-induced cAMP accumulation. In the striking contrast, other PGE receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2 and EP3) and other prostanoid receptors (IP and DP) were shown not to be upregulated by PMA. Therefore, this is the first demonstration of a highly specific upregulation of the EP4 subtype in THP-1 cells treated with PMA, suggesting the importance of the EP4 subtype in the immune system. In the present study we also clarified that EP4 gene expression is regulated differently among human monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells, thus leading to the better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms for the human EP4 gene expression in the immune system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050034
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Autoamplifies its Production Through EP1 Subtype of PGE Receptor in Mouse Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 327-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Prostaglandin E2— Prostaglandin E receptor — MC3T3-E1 cells — Osteoblast — Prostaglandin G/H synthase-2.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is known to autoamplify its production in the osteoblasts through the induction of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2), which is the inducible form of the rate-limiting enzyme in PG synthesis, PGHS. To elucidate the cellular mechanism mediating this process, we have employed the PGE2 analogs, which are specific agonists for four subtypes of PGE receptor, and studied the potency of these analogs to induce PGHS-2 mRNA in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The induction was mainly observed by 17-phenyl-ω-trinor PGE2 (EP1 agonist) and sulprostone (EP3/EP1 agonist), but not by butaprost (EP2 agonist) or 11-deoxy PGE1 (EP4/EP2 agonist). Since EP3 subtype was undetectable in MC3T3-E1 cells, these data indicate that PGHS-2 mRNA induction is mediated through EP1 subtype of PGE receptor in MC3T3-E1 cells. PGE2 production determined by radioimmunoassay was also increased by 17-phenyl-ω-trinor PGE2 and sulprostone. The autoamplification of PGE2 production is considered to be important in elongating the otherwise short-lived PGE2 action in certain physiological conditions such as mechanical stress and fracture healing, as well as the pathological inflammatory bone loss. The observations in the present study provide us with the better understanding of these processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900440
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma concentration of itraconazole and its antifungal prophylactic efficacy in patients with neutropenia after chemotherapy for acute leukemia (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of infection and chemotherapy 5 (1999), S. 213-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7780
    Keywords: Key words Itraconazole ; Prophylaxis against fungal infection ; Plasma concentration ; H2-receptor antagonist
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Patients with acute leukemia are at high risk of fungal infection, suggesting that a preventive strategy is required. Fourteen patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for acute leukemia were studied to evaluate antifungal prophylaxis using itraconazole, and the plasma concentration of the drug was measured to determine its relationship to clinical efficacy. The median age of the patients was 50 years (range, 25 to 79 years), and all patients had neutropenia (less than 500 neutrophils/μl) which had lasted a median of 16 days (range, 4 to 30 days). Itraconazole was given orally at a dose of 200 mg (four capsules of 50 mg) once daily for at least 14 days. An H2-receptor antagonist was also given to prevent chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. Trough plasma concentrations of itraconazole and its metabolite, hydroxyitraconazole, were determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The mean concentrations of itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole on day 10 were 300 ± 96 ng/ml (range, 131–428 ng/ml) and 776 ± 369 ng/ml (range, 320–1582 ng/ml), respectively. There were marked inter-patient variations in both concentrations. No side effects were observed in the patients, and there was no definite fungal infection episode during this study. Daily oral administration of 200 mg of itraconazole appears to be effective as prophylaxis against fungal infection in neutropenic patients with acute leukemia. However, there were marked individual variations in the itraconazole plasma concentrations, which suggests that the plasma concentration should be monitored in patients with a risk of low absorption of this drug to adjust the dose given to an adequate level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101560050038
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convergence of central respiratory and locomotor rhythms onto single neurons of the lateral reticular nucleus (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 113 (1997), S. 230-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: LRN neurons ; Respiratory rhythm ; Forelimb locomotion ; Cerebellum ; Decerebrate cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have analyzed the behavior of neurons of the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN) during fictive respiration and locomotion and found that some LRN neurons have both central respiratory and locomotor rhythms. Experiments were conducted on decrebrate, decerebellate, immobilized, and artificially ventilated cats, with the spinal cord transected at the lower thoracic cord. Fictive respiration and fictive forelimb locomotion were ascertained by monitoring activities from the phrenic nerve and forelimb extensor and flexor nerves, respectively. Fictive locomotion was evoked by electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MRL) or sometimes occurred spontaneously. During fictive locomotion many LRN neurons fired in certain phases of the locomotion cycle; i.e., with respect to the nerve discharge of the ipsilateral forelimb they fired in either the extensor, flexor, extensor-flexor, or flexor-extensor phase. Firing of some LRN neurons was modulated synchronously with central respiratory rhythm. Neurons with inspiratory activity and those with expiratory activity were both found. More than half of these respiration-related LRN neurons had locomotor rhythm as well. The majority of the three types of LRN neurons, i.e., neurons with only locomotor rhythm, those with only respiratory rhythm, and those with both respiratory and locomotor rhythm, were antidromically activated by electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral inferior cerebellar peduncle. Electrical stimulation of the upper cervical cord showed that these LRN neurons, not only locomotion-related but also respiration-related neurons, received short latency inputs from the spinal cord. The LRN neurons studied were distributed widely in the LRN, relatively densely in the caudal two-thirds of the nucleus. No particular differences were detected between the three types of LRN neurons with respect to their location in the nucleus. These results indicate that the information about central respiratory and locomotor rhythms that is necessary for cerebellar control of the coordination between respiration and locomotion converges, at least partly, at the level of the LRN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02450321
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