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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetic analysis of uncleaved oocytes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 12 (1995), S. 322-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7330
    Keywords: oocyte ; spermatozoa ; chromosomes ; microfertilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose This work analyzes the causes of cleavage failure after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and the effect of the procedure on the chromosomes of the oocytes. Methods Ninety-seven uncleaved oocytes from 39 patients with severe male infertility or repeated IVF failure were fixed; 79 were analyzable. We checked the decondensation stage of spermatozoa nucleus and the chromosomal abnormalities of the oocytes. Results Among the fixed oocytes, the spermatozoa nucleus was present in 97% of the cases, and it was undecondensed in 89% of the cases, showing no evolution at all. A low rate (2.6%) of premature chromosome condensation (PCC) of the spermatozoa and a low rate (2.5%) of female diploïdy were observed. Among the oocytes that could be karyotyped, we observed a high rate (45%) of chromosome breakage. Conclusion ICSI fertilization failure was due mostly to the complete lack of evolution of the spermatozoa nucleus. Oocyte selection before ICSI seemed to lower the PCC rate. The high rate of oocyte chromosomal breakage rate has to be confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213712
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of AZF (Azoospermia Factor) Deletions and Familial Forms of Infertility Among Patients Requiring Intracytoplasmic Spermatozoa Injection (ICSI) (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 14 (1997), S. 593-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7330
    Keywords: male infertility ; molecular biology ; genetic cause ; Y chromosome deletion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: The aim of our study was to determine the incidence of AZF deletions and familial forms of infertility suggesting autosomal mutations among patients requiring intracytoplasmic sperm injection with ejaculated sperm. Methods: Cases with obstructive pathologies were excluded; 81 patients were classified according to the numeration of spermatozoa. The distribution was as follows: 10 cases with normal numeration (greater than 20 million/ml) (group 1), 10 cases with between 10 and 20 million/ml (group 2), 6 cases with between 5 and 10 million/ml (group 3), 15 cases with between 1 and 5 million/ml (group 4), 29 cases with less than 1 million/ml (group 5), and 11 azoospermic patients (group 6). The infertility of 11 of the 81 patients might be explained by testicular ectopy. Results: We found two deletions limited to the AZFc region among our 81 infertile patients—one deletion in group 5 and one deletion in group 4 (both groups of oligozoospermic patients)—and no deletion in the groups with normal or subnormal numerations. We found six familial forms of infertility. We did not find any AZF deletion, neither in these 6 patients nor in the 11 with testicular ectopy. The identification of these families of infertile men will allow research of autosomal genes involved in male infertilities. Conclusions: It is important to test deletions of the AZFc region for oligozoospermic patients, and familial forms of infertility do not seem to concern the same individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022532718641
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreserved Immature Mouse Oocytes: A Chromosomal and Spindle Study (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 14 (1997), S. 617-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7330
    Keywords: chromosomes ; cryopreservation ; immature oocyte ; in vitro maturation ; spindle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: Cryopreservation of human oocytes might provide an alternative approach to freezing supernumerary embryos obtained during IVF. This process, performed on immature denuded prophase I mouse oocytes, was investigated. Methods: We first investigated the capacity of frozen, immature, murine oocytes to continue in vitro maturation after thawing. We then evaluated the risk to offspring from chromosomal damage by cytogenetical and cytological (spindle) analysis. Finally, we attempted to determine the reasons for and the stage of maturation failure. Results: A total of 700 immature oocytes was frozen, 629 (90%) were recovered intact after thawing, and 53% extruded the first polar body, versus 74% for the control group. Freezing was not accompanied by an increase in aneuploidy in maturing oocytes (18 and 15% for thawed and control oocytes, respectively). Consequently, the first meiotic division occurred normally, without an increase in nondisjunction. Spindle analysis demonstrated only a few abnormalities (15 and 2% for thawed and control oocytes, respectively) incompatible with further development. Oocytes arrested during in vitro maturation were mainly at the metaphase I stage (64 and 76% for thawed and control oocytes, respectively). Whereas 17% of thawed oocytes were blocked before the formation of the first meiotic spindle, this never occurred in the control group. Conclusions: Immature murine oocytes can withstand cryopreservation, which is encouraging for future human application of this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022593004528
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome 21 Detection in Human Oocyte Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization: Possible Effect of Maternal Age (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 15 (1998), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7330
    Keywords: chromosome 21 abnormalities ; oocytes in in vitro fertilization programs ; maternal fluorescence in situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, among 100 uncleaved oocytes, the incidence of numerical and structural chromosome 21 and X abnormalities and to analyze the influence of various factors, such as in vitro (IVF) indications, follicle stimulation protocols, and women's age. Methods: We investigated 150 uncleaved oocytes from 128 patients after an IVF attempt. After cytogenetic analysis (Giemsa) 100 oocytes (66%) were selected for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Fluorescent probes for human chromosomes X and 21 were used simultaneously according to standard procedures for their hybridization and detection. Results and Conclusions: We analyzed by the FISH protocol 100 metaphase II oocytes with 22 to 25 chromosomes. Our results demonstrate a high rate of disomy for chromosome 21 in human oocytes. Among them, eight were disomic (8%) and three were nullosomic (3%) for chromosome 21. Only one disomy of chromosome X was noted. The various indications of IVF and the different folliculogenesis stimulating protocols did not seem to influence the results but suggested a correlation between the maternal age and the aneuploidy rate of chromosome 21.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023056502731
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