Keywords:
Sulfur.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
Sulfur: Its Significance for Chemistry, for the Geo-, Bio- and Cosmosphere and Technology focuses on the significance of sulfur for chemistry, geosphere, biosphere, cosmosphere, and technology. Topics covered range from the geochemistry and natural cycle of sulfur to the role of sulfur in "black powder". Organometallic sulfur compounds, thiolates, and the spectroscopic effects of sulfur chemistry are also discussed. Comprised of 21 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to elemental sulfur and related homocyclic compounds and ions, focusing on their preparation, molecular and crystal structures, molecular spectra, and thermodynamic properties. Subsequent chapters deal with the origin and natural cycle of sulfur in the earth's crust; the role of sulfur in the reactions of exploding gunpowder; the use of sulfur in artwork; and developments in the field of organic sulfur chemistry. The catalytic properties of metal complexes of sulfur and sulfur-nitrogen compounds are also examined, along with the synthetic aspects of sulfido-complexes of molybdenum and tungsten. The final section is devoted to the role of sulfur in microbiology, biochemistry, and medicine. This monograph will be useful to students, practitioners, and researchers in the field of inorganic chemistry, as well as those who are interested in sulfur and its compounds.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (526 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781483289892
Series Statement:
Issn Series ; v.Volume 5
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1838206
DDC:
546/.723
Language:
English
Note:
Front Cover -- Sulfer: Its Significance for Chemistry, for the Geo-, Bio- and Cosmosphere and Technology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contets -- Preface -- Contributors -- PART I: SULFUR: THE ELEMENT, ITS GEOCHEMISTRY AND SOME ASPECTS OF ITS HISTORY -- CHAPTER 1. ELEMENTAL SULFUR AND RELATED HOMOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND IONS -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Elemental Sulfur (Neutral Rings Sn) -- 3. Homocyclic Sulfur Cations -- 4. Homocyclic Sulfur Oxides -- 5. Homocyclic Sulfur Halide Cations -- References -- CHAPTER 2. SULFUR IN THE EARTH'S CRUST, ITS ORIGIN AND NATURAL CYCLE -- 1. Cosmic and Terrestrial Abundance of Sulfur -- 2. Sulfur Cycle in the Continental Crust -- 3. Sulfur Cycle in the Oceanic Crust -- 4. Isotopic Composition of Natural Sulfur -- 5. Sulfur in the Water Cycle at the Earth's Surface -- References -- CHAPTER 3. SULFUR IN HISTORY: THE ROLE OF SULFUR IN "BLACK POWDER -- 1. Gunpowder - A Chinese Invention? -- 2. Technology of Black Powder in the European Middle Ages -- 3. The Composition of Black Powder and the Reaction of Its Components -- 4. The Role of Sulfur in Black Powder -- References -- CHAPTER 4. SULFUR IN ARTWORK: LAPIS LAZULI AND ULTRAMARINE PIGMENTS -- 1 . A Five-Thousand Years Old Pigment -- 2. The Synthesis of Ultramarine -- 3. Structure Analysis of Lapis Lazuli and of the Ultramarine Pigments -- 4. Blue Sulfur? -- 5. The Chromophores in Ultramarine-Yellow, -Green, -Violet and -Red -- 6. Chemical Behaviour of the Sulfur Species in Lapis Lazuli and in the Ultramarine Pigments -- 7. Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- PART II: CHEMISTRY -- CHAPTER 5. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF ORGANIC SULFUR CHEMISTRY -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. New Structures and New Methods for Understanding Structures -- 3. New Ideas on and New Applications of Reactions of Organosulfur Compounds.
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4. Sulfur-Containing Natural Products and Biologically Active Sulfur Compounds -- References -- CHAPTER 6. ORGANOMETALLIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Structural Types -- 3. Stabilisation Principles and Synthetic Approaches -- 4. Reactivity of M-SH Complexes -- 5. The M3S Electron Reservoir -- 6. Framework Reactions of Sulfur Bridged Organometallic Clusters -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 7. THIOLATES - INTRIGUING AND VERSATILE LIGANDS FOR TRANSITION METALS -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Mononuclear Complexes with Monodentate Thiols -- 3. Polynuclear Thiolato-Complexes -- 4. Sulfide Formation by C-S Bond Cleavage -- 5. Polydentate Thiolato-Ligands -- Sulfur-Sulfur Interactions -- 6. Redox Reactions and the Electrochemistry of Thiolato-Complexes -- 7. Sterically Hindered Thiolato-Ligands -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 8. METAL COMPLEXES OF SULFUR AND SULFUR-NITROGEN COMPOUNDS AND THEIR CATALYTIC PROPERTIES -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Elemental Sulfur as a Ligand -- 3. Complexes with (CH2S)3, (CH2Se)3 and (CH20)6 -- 4. Sulfur-Nitrogen Species as Ligands -- 5. Metal-Catalyzed Formation of S(CN)4 -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 9. SULFIDO-COMPLEXES OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN: SYNTHETIC ASPECTS -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Simple Thiometallate Anions and Their Reactions -- 3. Thiometallates as Ligands -- 4. Reactions of Thiometallates in the Presence of Thiolates -- 5. Mononuclear Complexes -- References -- CHAPTER 10. INTERACTION BETWEEN METAL CENTERS THROUGH SULFUR CONTAINING LIGANDS -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Theoretical Background -- 3. Large Interaction between Copper(II) Ions Far Away from Each Other -- 4. Dithiooxamidato Copper(II) Dinuclear Complexes -- 5. Ab Initio Calculation of the Exchange Interaction in Dithiooxamide Complexes -- 6. Ordered Bimetallic Chains with Dithiooxalato Bridges.
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7. Magnetic Properties of Iron-Sulfur Complexes -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 11. SPECTROSCOPIC ASPECTS OF SULFUR CHEMISTRY: ELECTRONIC AND RESONANCE RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPLEXES, IONS AND RADICALS -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Transition Metal Thiometal1ates -- 3. Electronic and RR Spectra of Sulfur-Donor Complexes -- 4. Spectroscopic Studies on Cations -- 5. Spectroscopic Studies on Sulfur Radical Anions -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- PART III: TECHNOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY WITH TECHNOLOGICAL RELEVANCE -- CHAPTER 12. SULFURIC ACID - AN IMPORTANT BASIC PRODUCT IN CHEMISTRY. PROBLEMS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PRODUCTION -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Acid Manufacture and Reduction of Emissions -- 3. Raw Materials -- 4. Energy Recovery -- 5. Recycling of Spent Acids and By-Products -- CHAPTER 13. CHEMICAL PROBLEMS OF FLUE-GAS DESULFURISATION -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Chemistry of Sulfur -- 3. The Problem of Changing Oxidation States of Sulfur -- 4. Proposal for a Sulfur Producing Desulfurisation Process -- References -- CHAPTER 14. METAL SULFIDES IN PHOTOVOLTAIC, PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLAR BIOLOGICAL ENERGY CONVERSION -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sulfur Compounds as Solar Energy Materials -- 3. Photovoltaic Cells Based on Sulfides -- 4. Photoelectrochemical Cells Based on Sulfides -- 5. Solar Assisted Electrolysis of Water -- 6. Photocatalysis and Solar Intercalation Chemistry -- 7. Solar Biomass Based on Sulfur Cycle -- 8. Stability and Reactivity of Sulfide Materials -- 9. Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 15. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY RELATED TO RUBBER VULCANISATION -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Mechanism of Sulfur Vulcanisation -- CHAPTER 16. BIODEGRADATION OF SULFUR MINERALS AND ITS APPLICATION FOR METAL RECOVERY -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Microorganisms -- 3. Leaching Machanisms -- 4. Factors Influencing Bacterial Leaching Activity.
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5. Leaching Techniques -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- PART IV. SULFUR IN MICROBIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY AND MEDICINE -- CHAPTER 17. MICROORGANISMS AND THE SULFUR CYCLE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Biogeochemical Sulfur Cycle -- 3. The Metabolic Types and Microbial Groups Involved in the Cycle -- 4. The Sulfuretum -- 5. Fractionation of Sulfur Isotopes by Bacteria -- References -- CHAPTER 18. PHOTOTROPHIC BACTERIA AND THEIR SULFUR METABOLISM -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism -- 3. Ecology and Technical Application -- 4. Photosynthesis -- 5. Sulfur Metabolism -- References -- Chapter 19. CYTOCHROMES AND IRON SULFUR PROTEINS IN SULFUR METABOLISM OF PHOTOTROPHIC SULFUR BACTERIA -- 1 . Introduction -- 2. Definition of Electron Transfer Proteins -- 3. Enzymatic Steps of Dissimilatory Sulfur Metabolism -- 4. Summary and Conclusion -- References -- CHAPTER 20. SULFIDE AND OTHER SULFUR-CONTAINING LIGANDS IN METALLOPROTEINS AND ENZYMES -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Natural Sulfur-Containing Ligands -- 3. Metalloproteins Containing No Sulfide Ligands -- 4. Metalloproteins with Sulfide Ligands -- References -- CHAPTER 21. GENETIC DISEASES OF SULFUR METABOLISM IN HUMANS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Cystathionine β-Synthase Deficiency -- References -- AUTHOR INDEX -- SUBJECT INDEX.
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