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  • 2010-2014  (12)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Global warming is assumed to alter the trophic interactions and carbon flow patterns of aquatic food webs. The impact of temperature on phyto-bacterioplankton coupling and bacterial community composition (BCC) was the focus of the present study, in which an indoor mesocosm experiment with natural plankton communities from the western Baltic Sea was conducted. A 6°C increase in water temperature resulted, as predicted, in tighter coupling between the diatom-dominated phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria, accompanied by a strong increase in carbon flow into bacterioplankton during the phytoplankton bloom phase. Suppressed bacterial development at cold in situ temperatures probably reflected lowered bacterial production and grazing by protists, as the latter were less affected by low temperatures. BCC was strongly influenced by the phytoplankton bloom stage and to a lesser extent by temperature. Under both temperature regimes, Gammaproteobacteria clearly dominated during the phytoplankton peak, with Glaciecola sp. as the single most abundant taxon. However, warming induced the appearance of additional bacterial taxa belonging to Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Our results show that warming during an early phytoplankton bloom causes a shift towards a more heterotrophic system, with the appearance of new bacterial taxa suggesting a potential for utilization of a broader substrate spectrum.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-07-17
    Description: Phytoplankton and bacteria are sensitive indicators of environmental change. The temporal development of these key organisms was monitored from 1988 to the end of 2007 at the time series station Boknis Eck in the western Baltic Sea. This period was characterized by the adaption of the Baltic Sea ecosystem to changes in the environmental conditions caused by the conversion of the political system in the southern and eastern border states, accompanied by the general effects of global climate change. Measured variables were chlorophyll, primary production, bacteria number, -biomass and -production, glucose turnover rate, macro-nutrients, pH, temperature and salinity. Negative trends with time were recorded for chlorophyll, bacteria number, bacterial biomass and bacterial production, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, silicate, oxygen and salinity while temperature, pH, and the ratio between bacteria numbers and chlorophyll increased. Strongest reductions with time occurred for the annual maximum values, e.g. for chlorophyll during the spring bloom or for nitrate during winter, while the annual minimum values remained more stable. In deep water above sediment the negative trends of oxygen, nitrate, phosphate and bacterial variables as well as the positive trend of temperature were similar to those in the surface while the trends of salinity, ammonia and silicate were opposite to those in the surface. Decreasing oxygen, even in the surface layer, was of particular interest because it suggested enhanced recycling of nutrients from the deep hypoxic zones to the surface by vertical mixing. The long-term seasonal patterns of all variables correlated positively with temperature, except chlorophyll and salinity. Salinity correlated negatively with all bacterial variables (as well as precipitation) and positively with chlorophyll. Surprisingly, bacterial variables did not correlate with chlorophyll, which may be inherent with the time lag between the peaks of phytoplankton and bacteria during spring. Compared to the 20-yr averages of the environmental and microbial variables, the strongest negative deviations of corresponding annual averages were measured about ten years after political change for nitrate and bacterial secondary production (~ −60%), followed by chlorophyll (−50%) and bacterial biomass (−40%). Considering the circulation of surface currents in the Baltic Sea we interpret the observed patterns of the microbial variables at the Boknis Eck time series station as a consequence of the improved management of water resources after 1989 and – to a minor extent – the trends of the climate variables salinity and temperature.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde
    In:  Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung, 55 (4). pp. 188-198.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-24
    Description: An vier Tidenzyklus-Stationen von 21 bis 36 Std. Dauer wurde auf einem Längsschnitt von Hamburg bis zur Außenelbe untersucht, welchen Anteil die Bakterien am Abbau der organischen Substanz haben. Der Gesamt-Abbau durch die planktische Organismengemeinschaft wurde aus dem Sauerstoffverbrauch mit einem angenommenen Respirationsquotienten von 0,85 bestimmt. Der bakterielle Abbau wurde über die Biomasse-Produktion und die Wachstums-Effizienz der Bakterien ermittelt. Die Tidenzyklus-Stationen mit einer hohen zeitlichen Auflösung zeigten eine große Variabilität der Abbauprozesse während der Gezeiten. Die Mittelwerte ergaben, dass der Gesamt-Abbau im oberen noch limnischen Bereich 10,2 μg C l-1 h-1 betrug mit einem bakteriellen Anteil von 82%. Flussabwärts ging der Gesamt-Abbau auf 2,7 μg C l-1 h-1 zurück und der bakterielle Anteil belief sich auf rd. 50 %. Der Längsschnitt von Hamburg bis Neuwerk mit einer hohen räumlichen Auflösung zeigte eine grundsätzlich ähnliche regionale Verteilung. Der hohe Anteil des bakteriellen Abbaus in dem oberen limnischen Ästuarbereich geht darauf zurück, dass das hier aus dem Mittellauf der Elbe eingeschwemmte Phytoplankton infolge Lichtmangels größtenteils abstirbt. Die Ursachen liegen in der großen Wassertiefe des Hamburger Hafengebietes und der starken Gezeitendurchmischung der Wassersäule. Dadurch vermindert sich die Respiration des Phytoplanktons und die Abbautätigkeit ist daher im Wesentlichen auf die Bakterien und das Zooplankton beschränkt. Von diesen beiden verbleibenden Hauptkomponenten des Flussplanktons spielen die Bakterien die wichtigere Rolle beim Abbau der organischen Substanz im Elbe-Ästuar.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    In:  [Poster] In: 4. International conference Enzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology and Application, 17.-21.07.2011, Bad Nauheim, Germany .
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    In:  [Poster] In: 4. International conference Enzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology and Application, 17.-21.07.2011, Bad Nauheim, Germany .
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde
    In:  Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung, 54 (1). pp. 18-28.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Der Nord-Ostsee-Kanal ist ein Brackwasserbiotop, der sich durch einen relativ hohen Salzgehalt in seinem östlichen Teil, einem fast ausgesüßten mittleren Bereich und einem leichten Salzgehaltsanstieg auf den letzten westlichen Kilometern auszeichnet. In seiner westlichen Hälfte ist die Wassertrübung deutlich höher als in der östlichen. Die Bakterienzahl lag nahe der Schleuse Kiel-Holtenau zwischen 3,6 und 7,9 x 10 hoch 9 l hoch -1 Zellen, von denen 0 bis 9,5 % an Partikeln angeheftet waren. In Richtung Westen nahmen die Bakterienzahl und der Prozentsatz der partikelgebundenen Bakterien fast linear zu und erreichten in der Nähe der Schleuse Brunsbüttel mit 11,5 bis 18,0 x 10 hoch 9 l hoch -1 Zellen und 80-94 % partikelgebundenen Bakterien ihre Maxima. Trübungsgehalt, Bakterienzahl und Prozentsatz der partikelgebundenen Bakterien waren hoch signifikant miteinander korreliert. Die Mittelwerte der bakteriellen Aktivität (gemessen als Leucin-Inkorporation), die zwischen 45 pmol l hoch -1 h hoch -1 im Januar und 383 pmol l hoch -1 h hoch -1 im Juli lagen, zeigten den großen Einfluss der sommerlichen Temperaturzunahme. Die maximalen Werte der spezifischen Leucin-Inkorporation erreichten rd. 80 pmol h hoch -1 10 hoch -9 Bakterien. Die Umsatzraten von Acetat, das als Repräsentant für die niedermolekularen gelösten organischen Verbindungen verwendet wurde, beliefen sich auf Werte zwischen 7 und 34,1 % h-1 (Mittelwerte über den gesamten NOK). Die Erneuerungszeit für den Acetat-"Pool" lag demnach zwischen rund 14 h (Januar) und 3 h (April).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    In:  [Invited talk] In: 4. International conference Enzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology and Application, 17.-21.07.2011, Bad Nauheim, Germany .
    Publication Date: 2012-05-16
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    In:  [Talk] In: Ocean Sciences Meeting 2010 "Oxygen Minimum Zones and Climate Change: Observations and Prediction IV", 22.02.-26.02.2010, Portland, Oregon, USA .
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-07-19
    Description: In order to examine the effects of warming and diversity changes on primary productivity, we conducted a meta-analysis on six independent indoor mesocosm experiments with a natural plankton community from the Baltic Sea. Temperature effects on primary productivity changed with light intensity and zooplankton density and analysed pathways between temperature, diversity and productivity, elucidating direct and indirect effects of warming on primary productivity during the spring phytoplankton bloom. Our findings indicate that warming directly increased carbon specific primary productivity, which was more pronounced under low grazing pressure. On the other hand, primary productivity per unit water volume did not respond to increased temperature, because of a negative temperature effect on phytoplankton biomass. Moreover, primary productivity response to temperature changes depended on light limitation. Using path analysis, we tested whether temperature effects were direct or mediated by warming effects on phytoplankton diversity. Although phytoplankton species richness had a positive impact on both net primary productivity and carbon specific primary productivity – and evenness had a negative effect on net primary productivity – both richness and evenness were not affected by temperature. Thus, we suggest that diversity effects on primary productivity depended mainly on other factors than temperature like grazing, sinking or nutrient limitation, which themselves are temperature dependent. Highlights ► Impact of warming on primary productivity and diversity–productivity relationship. ► Meta-analysis on indoor mesocosm experiments with a natural plankton community. ► Temperature has a direct impact on specific productivity, not on net productivity. ► Species richness increases and evenness decreases net primary productivity. ► Temperature does not directly affect diversity–productivity relationship.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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