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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A predictor - corrector method with a non periodic treatment factor for the mathematical modelling of tumour growth
    Taru Publications ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics Vol. 20, No. 8 ( 2017-11-17), p. 1679-1690
    Details
    In: Journal of Interdisciplinary Mathematics, Taru Publications, Vol. 20, No. 8 ( 2017-11-17), p. 1679-1690
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0972-0502 , 2169-012X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/09720502.2017.1378007
    Language: English
    Publisher: Taru Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    SSG: 17,1
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  • 2
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    Proceedings from the 9th annual conference on the science of dissemination and implementation : Washington, DC, USA. 14-15 December 2016
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2017
    In:  Implementation Science Vol. 12, No. S1 ( 2017-4)
    Details
    In: Implementation Science, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 12, No. S1 ( 2017-4)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-5908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13012-017-0575-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2225822-X
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  • 3
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    Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder: A Critical Review of Pharmacologic Treatments
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 226-237
    Details
    In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 226-237
    Abstract: Treatment of alcohol use disorder ( AUD ) is complicated by the presence of psychiatric comorbidity including posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ). This is a critical review of the literature to date on pharmacotherapy treatments of AUD and PTSD . A systematic literature search using PubMed MESH terms for alcohol and substance use disorders, PTSD , and treatment was undertaken to identify relevant randomized controlled trials ( RCT s). The studies were independently evaluated ( ILP and TLS ) and those that evaluated the efficacy of a pharmacotherapy for individuals diagnosed with AUD and PTSD and were RCT s were selected. Studies were grouped in 3 categories: (i) those that evaluated first‐line treatments for PTSD , (ii) those that evaluated medications to target AUD , and (iii) those that evaluated medications hypothesized to be effective in targeting alcohol consumption as well as PTSD symptoms. Nine RCT s were identified; 3 focused on medications to treat PTSD , 4 focused on AUD , and 3 to target both. One study included both a medication to treat PTSD and 1 to treat AUD so was discussed twice. All but 1 of the studies found that PTSD symptoms and drinking outcomes improved significantly over time. There is not 1 agent with clear evidence of efficacy in this comorbid group. The results for medications to treat PTSD are inconclusive because of contradictory results. There was weak evidence to support the use of medications to treat AUD among those with comorbidity with PTSD . Findings for medications that were hypothesized to treat both disorders were also contradictory. Most studies provided a combination of interventions to treat both disorders. Despite the contradictory results, this review suggests that individuals with AUD and comorbid PTSD can safely be prescribed medications used in noncomorbid populations and patients improve with treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-6008 , 1530-0277
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.2017.41.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.13297
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046886-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3167872-5
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
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    Alcohol Abstainer Status and Prazosin Treatment in Association with Changes in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Veterans with Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol. 43, No. 4 ( 2019-04), p. 741-746
    Details
    In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Wiley, Vol. 43, No. 4 ( 2019-04), p. 741-746
    Abstract: The noradrenergic system has been implicated in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with adrenergic agents reducing drinking in individuals with AUD and improving sleep disturbances in individuals with PTSD. In a recent clinical trial, prazosin, an α1‐adrenergic antagonist, was not superior to placebo in reducing PTSD symptoms, sleep problems, or alcohol consumption in a comorbid population; however, patients in both treatment conditions improved in all symptom domains over the course of treatment. It remains unknown whether alcohol abstinence is related to changes in PTSD symptoms and medication effects in individuals with this comorbidity. Methods Veterans with comorbid alcohol dependence and PTSD ( n  = 96) were randomized to prazosin (16 mg) or placebo in a 12‐week outpatient, double‐blind clinical trial. In this secondary data analysis, we examined main effects of alcohol abstainer status (abstainer vs. nonabstainer), treatment, and their interaction on changes in PTSD symptoms over time using linear mixed models. Results There was a main effect of alcohol abstainer status on symptoms of PTSD ( p  = 0.03), such that nonabstainers had lower total Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) scores than abstainers. There was a significant treatment by alcohol abstainer status interaction ( p  = 0.01); specifically, among placebo‐treated individuals, those who did not abstain from alcohol had lower total CAPS scores compared to alcohol abstainers. Within the prazosin‐treated group, abstainers and nonabstainers did not differ on total CAPS scores. Results were similar for the avoidance ( p  = 0.02), reexperiencing ( p  = 0.01), and hyperarousal ( p  = 0.04) subscales, such that placebo‐treated nonabstainers had lower CAPS scores overall. Conclusions Overall, prazosin treatment was not significantly related to changes in PTSD symptoms over the course of the 12‐week clinical trial in a comorbid population. Interestingly, placebo‐treated alcohol nonabstainers had a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms. Whether placebo‐treated individuals continued to use alcohol because of ongoing symptoms of PTSD is not known.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-6008 , 1530-0277
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.2019.43.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.13969
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046886-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3167872-5
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
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    Results of a Regional Effort to Improve Warfarin Management
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 51, No. 5 ( 2017-05), p. 373-379
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 51, No. 5 ( 2017-05), p. 373-379
    Abstract: Background: Improved anticoagulation control with warfarin reduces adverse events and represents a target for quality improvement. No previous study has described an effort to improve anticoagulation control across a health system. Objective: To describe the results of an effort to improve anticoagulation control in the New England region of the Veterans Health Administration (VA). Methods: Our intervention encompassed 8 VA sites managing warfarin for more than 5000 patients in New England (Veterans Integrated Service Network 1 [VISN 1]). We provided sites with a system to measure processes of care, along with targeted audit and feedback. We focused on processes of care associated with site-level anticoagulation control, including prompt follow-up after out-of-range international normalized ratio (INR) values, minimizing loss to follow-up, and use of guideline-concordant INR target ranges. We used a difference-in-differences (DID) model to examine changes in anticoagulation control, measured as percentage time in therapeutic range (TTR), as well as process measures and compared VISN 1 sites with 116 VA sites located outside VISN 1. Results: VISN 1 sites improved on TTR, our main indicator of quality, from 66.4% to 69.2%, whereas sites outside VISN 1 improved from 65.9% to 66.4% (DID 2.3%, P 〈 0.001). Improvement in TTR correlated strongly with the extent of improvement on process-of-care measures, which varied widely across VISN 1 sites. Conclusions: A regional quality improvement initiative, using performance measurement with audit and feedback, improved TTR by 2.3% more than control sites, which is a clinically important difference. Improving relevant processes of care can improve outcomes for patients receiving warfarin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1060028016681030
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
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    Modeling Landscape‐scale Erosion Potential Related to Vehicle Disturbances Along the USA–Mexico Border
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Land Degradation & Development Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2016-05), p. 1106-1121
    Details
    In: Land Degradation & Development, Wiley, Vol. 27, No. 4 ( 2016-05), p. 1106-1121
    Abstract: Decades of intensive off‐road vehicle use for border security, immigration, smuggling, recreation, and military training along the USA–Mexico border have prompted concerns about long‐term human impacts on sensitive desert ecosystems. To help managers identify areas susceptible to soil erosion from anthropogenic activities, we developed a series of erosion potential models based on factors from the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). To better express the vulnerability of soils to human disturbances, we refined two factors whose categorical and spatial representations limit the application of the USLE for non‐agricultural landscapes: the C ‐factor (vegetation cover) and the P ‐factor (support practice/management). A soil compaction index ( P ‐factor) was calculated as the difference in saturated hydrologic conductivity ( K s ) between disturbed and undisturbed soils, which was then scaled up to maps of vehicle disturbances digitized from aerial photography. The C ‐factor was improved using a satellite‐based vegetation index, which was better correlated with estimated ground cover ( r 2  = 0·77) than data derived from land cover ( r 2  = 0·06). We identified 9,780 km of unauthorized off‐road tracks in the 2,800‐km 2 study area. Maps of these disturbances, when integrated with soil compaction data using the USLE, provided landscape‐scale information on areas vulnerable to erosion from both natural processes and human activities and are detailed enough for adaptive management and restoration planning. The models revealed erosion potential hotspots adjacent to the border and within areas managed as critical habitat for the threatened flat‐tailed horned lizard and endangered Sonoran pronghorn. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1085-3278 , 1099-145X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ldr.v27.4
    DOI: 10.1002/ldr.2317
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021787-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1319202-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
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    Tobacco use during a clinical trial of mecamylamine for alcohol dependence: Medication effects on smoking and associations with reductions in drinking
    Elsevier BV ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment Vol. 94 ( 2018-11), p. 91-96
    Details
    In: Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 94 ( 2018-11), p. 91-96
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0740-5472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.08.015
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027734-9
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 8
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    No Wrong Doors: Findings from a Critical Review of Behavioral Randomized Clinical Trials for Individuals with Co‐Occurring Alcohol/Drug Problems and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol. 41, No. 4 ( 2017-04), p. 681-702
    Details
    In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 4 ( 2017-04), p. 681-702
    Abstract: Prior reviews of behavioral treatments for individuals with comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders (substance use disorder SUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) have not systematically considered whether comparison conditions are matched to target treatments on time and attention. A systematic literature search using PubMed MESH terms for alcohol and substance use disorders, PTSD , and treatment identified relevant behavioral randomized clinical trials ( RCT s) that evaluated PTSD ‐oriented exposure‐based treatments, addiction‐focused treatments, and coping‐based treatments that do not involve exposure to trauma memories. Information pertaining to within‐subject changes over time and between‐subject differences, quality of control condition, recruitment efficiency, and assessment and treatment retention was synthesized. Alcohol and drug outcomes were described separately when possible. Twenty‐four behavioral RCT s were identified: 7 exposure based, 6 addiction focused, and 11 coping based. Seven studies included SUD intervention comparison conditions matched to the target intervention on time and attention. Most of the 24 studies found that participants in both the experimental and control conditions improved significantly over time on SUD and PTSD outcomes. No study found significant between‐group differences in both SUD and PTSD outcomes favoring the experimental treatment. Despite greater treatment dropout, there was greater improvement in some PTSD outcomes for exposure‐based interventions than the control conditions, including when the control conditions were matched for time and attention. Addiction‐focused and coping‐based interventions did not generally show an advantage over comparably robust controls, although some coping‐based interventions yielded better drug use outcomes than control conditions. When available, interventions that integrate exposure‐based PTSD treatment and behavioral SUD treatment are recommended as they are associated with better PTSD outcomes than SUD care matched for time and attention. However, the results of this critical review also suggest that people with SUD / PTSD can benefit from a variety of treatment options, including standard SUD care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-6008 , 1530-0277
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.2017.41.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.13325
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046886-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3167872-5
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
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    Sex differences in stress-related alcohol use
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  Neurobiology of Stress Vol. 10 ( 2019-02), p. 100149-
    Details
    In: Neurobiology of Stress, Elsevier BV, Vol. 10 ( 2019-02), p. 100149-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2352-2895
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2019.100149
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2816500-7
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  • 10
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    GRIK 1 and GABRA 2 Variants Have Distinct Effects on the Dose‐Related Subjective Response to Intravenous Alcohol in Healthy Social Drinkers
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Vol. 41, No. 12 ( 2017-12), p. 2025-2032
    Details
    In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 12 ( 2017-12), p. 2025-2032
    Abstract: The heritable risk for alcohol use disorder ( AUD ) is expressed partly through alterations in subjective alcohol response. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2 AUD ‐risk‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms, GABRA 2 rs279858 and GRIK 1 rs2832407, on the subjective response to alcohol administered intravenously to healthy social drinkers in a laboratory setting. Methods In total, 93 self‐identified European American social drinkers underwent 3 blinded laboratory sessions in which they received intravenous infusions of ethanol at 3 target blood alcohol levels (0.00 mg%, 40 mg%, and 100 mg%) using a “clamp” procedure. The self‐reported Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale ( BAES ) stimulation and sedation subscales were the primary outcome measures. We examined the effects of these 2 genetic variants on subjective response to alcohol. Results For the BAES stimulation subscale scores, adjusting for age, baseline scores, and time effects, individuals with 2 copies of the GABRA 2 rs279858 C “risk” allele for AUD exhibited the greatest stimulant responses to high‐dose alcohol compared to the other risk allele counts (dose‐by‐allele count interaction effect, p  = 0.001, post hoc contrast for C‐allele, p  =   0.012). For the BAES sedation subscale scores, adjusting for the same covariates, we detected a dose‐by‐allele count interaction effect ( p  =   0.0044) such that subjects with 2 copies of the GRIK 1 C “risk” allele reported the greatest sedative response to the higher alcohol dose. Conclusions This study suggests that gene variants contributing to the risk for AUD may alter features of the alcohol dose–response relationship in specific ways. GABRA 2 rs279858*C enhances stimulant responses to higher levels of alcohol, while the GRIK 1 rs2832407*C‐allele increases sedative responses. In summary, GRIK 1 and GABRA 2 variants have distinct effects on the dose‐related subjective response to intravenous alcohol in humans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-6008 , 1530-0277
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.2017.41.issue-12
    DOI: 10.1111/acer.13516
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046886-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3167872-5
    SSG: 15,3
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