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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Top-down control of macrofauna: Are waterbirds passengers or drivers in wetlands?
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Biological Conservation Vol. 279 ( 2023-03), p. 109903-
    Details
    In: Biological Conservation, Elsevier BV, Vol. 279 ( 2023-03), p. 109903-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-3207
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2023.109903
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496231-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An invasive species erodes the performance of coastal wetland protected areas
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2021
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 7, No. 42 ( 2021-10-15)
    Details
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 7, No. 42 ( 2021-10-15)
    Abstract: The world has increasingly relied on protected areas (PAs) to rescue highly valued ecosystems from human activities, but whether PAs will fare well with bioinvasions remains unknown. By analyzing three decades of seven of the largest coastal PAs in China, including World Natural Heritage and/or Wetlands of International Importance sites, we show that, although PAs are achieving success in rescuing iconic wetlands and critical shorebird habitats from once widespread reclamation, this success is counteracted by escalating plant invasions. Plant invasions were not only more extensive in PAs than non-PA controls but also undermined PA performance by, without human intervention, irreversibly replacing expansive native wetlands (primarily mudflats) and precluding successional formation of new native marshes. Exotic species are invading PAs globally. This study across large spatiotemporal scales highlights that the consequences of bioinvasions for humanity’s major conservation tool may be more profound, far reaching, and critical for management than currently recognized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8943
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consumer regulation of the carbon cycle in coastal wetland ecosystems
    The Royal Society ; 2020
    In:  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Vol. 375, No. 1814 ( 2020-12-21), p. 20190451-
    Details
    In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, The Royal Society, Vol. 375, No. 1814 ( 2020-12-21), p. 20190451-
    Abstract: Despite escalating anthropogenic alteration of food webs, how the carbon cycle in ecosystems is regulated by food web processes remains poorly understood. We quantitatively synthesize the effects of consumers (herbivores, omnivores and carnivores) on the carbon cycle of coastal wetland ecosystems, ‘blue carbon’ ecosystems that store the greatest amount of carbon per unit area among all ecosystems. Our results reveal that consumers strongly affect many processes of the carbon cycle. Herbivores, for example, generally reduce carbon absorption and carbon stocks (e.g. aboveground plant carbon by 53% and aboveground net primary production by 23%) but may promote some carbon emission processes (e.g. litter decomposition by 32%). The average strengths of these effects are comparable with, or even times higher than, changes driven by temperature, precipitation, nitrogen input, CO 2 concentration, and plant invasions. Furthermore, consumer effects appear to be stronger on aboveground than belowground carbon processes and vary markedly with trophic level, body size, thermal regulation strategy and feeding type. Despite important knowledge gaps, our results highlight the powerful impacts of consumers on the carbon cycle and call for the incorporation of consumer control into Earth system models that predict anthropogenic climate change and into management strategies of Earth's carbon stocks. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Integrative research perspectives on marine conservation’.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-8436 , 1471-2970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0451
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462620-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Harnessing ecological theory to enhance ecosystem restoration
    Elsevier BV ; 2024
    In:  Current Biology Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2024-05), p. R418-R434
    Details
    In: Current Biology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2024-05), p. R418-R434
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0960-9822
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.043
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019214-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sea-level rise and the emergence of a keystone grazer alter the geomorphic evolution and ecology of southeast US salt marshes
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 117, No. 30 ( 2020-07-28), p. 17891-17902
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, No. 30 ( 2020-07-28), p. 17891-17902
    Abstract: Keystone species have large ecological effects relative to their abundance and have been identified in many ecosystems. However, global change is pervasively altering environmental conditions, potentially elevating new species to keystone roles. Here, we reveal that a historically innocuous grazer—the marsh crab Sesarma reticulatum —is rapidly reshaping the geomorphic evolution and ecological organization of southeastern US salt marshes now burdened by rising sea levels. Our analyses indicate that sea-level rise in recent decades has widely outpaced marsh vertical accretion, increasing tidal submergence of marsh surfaces, particularly where creeks exhibit morphologies that are unable to efficiently drain adjacent marsh platforms. In these increasingly submerged areas, cordgrass decreases belowground root:rhizome ratios, causing substrate hardness to decrease to within the optimal range for Sesarma burrowing. Together, these bio-physical changes provoke Sesarma to aggregate in high-density grazing and burrowing fronts at the heads of tidal creeks (hereafter, creekheads). Aerial-image analyses reveal that resulting “ Sesarma- grazed” creekheads increased in prevalence from 10 ± 2% to 29 ± 5% over the past 〈 25 y and, by tripling creek-incision rates relative to nongrazed creekheads, have increased marsh-landscape drainage density by 8 to 35% across the region. Field experiments further demonstrate that Sesarma- grazed creekheads, through their removal of vegetation that otherwise obstructs predator access, enhance the vulnerability of macrobenthic invertebrates to predation and strongly reduce secondary production across adjacent marsh platforms. Thus, sea-level rise is creating conditions within which Sesarma functions as a keystone species that is driving dynamic, landscape-scale changes in salt-marsh geomorphic evolution, spatial organization, and species interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917869117
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-distance facilitation of coastal ecosystem structure and resilience
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2022
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 119, No. 28 ( 2022-07-12)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 119, No. 28 ( 2022-07-12)
    Abstract: Biotic interactions that hierarchically organize ecosystems by driving ecological and evolutionary processes across spatial scales are ubiquitous in our biosphere. Biotic interactions have been extensively studied at local and global scales, but how long-distance, cross-ecosystem interactions at intermediate landscape scales influence the structure, function, and resilience of ecological systems remains poorly understood. We used remote sensing, modeling, and field data to test the hypothesis that the long-distance impact of an invasive species dramatically affects one of the largest tidal flat ecosystems in East Asia. We found that the invasion of exotic cordgrass Spartina alterniflora can produce long-distance effects on native species up to 10 km away, driving decadal coastal ecosystem transitions. The invasive cordgrass at low elevations facilitated the expansion of the native reed Phragmites australis at high elevations, leading to the massive loss and reduced resilience of the iconic Suaeda salsa “Red Beach” marshes at intermediate elevations, largely as a consequence of reduced soil salinity across the landscape. Our results illustrate the complex role that long-distance interactions can play in shaping landscape structure and ecosystem resilience and in bridging the gap between local and global biotic interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2123274119
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Where consumers control plant reproduction in coastal wetlands: The environmental stress model in plants' versus consumers' perspectives
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Journal of Ecology Vol. 112, No. 3 ( 2024-03), p. 547-558
    Details
    In: Journal of Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 112, No. 3 ( 2024-03), p. 547-558
    Abstract: Understanding where consumers control plant reproduction in a time of changing plant–consumer interactions with environmental change can inform conservation. A seminal hypothesis—the environmental stress model (the ESM)—posits that consumer control of plants varies predictably with environmental stress. The ESM has been tested often along gradients of an abiotic stressor, yielding highly mixed support, although plants and consumers are often differently affected by a stressor. Here, to provide a conciliation, we introduced and tested a new ESM—the ESM in plants' versus consumers' perspectives. In field exclusion experiments conducted at three marsh sites that varied broadly in plant productivity, crab abundance and salinity within a coastal landscape, we tested the new ESM in predicting the impact of crab herbivores on the sexual reproduction of Phragmites australis . We analysed how their impact varied with plant productivity and crab abundance—proxies for environmental stresses in plants' and consumers' perspectives, respectively. We found that environmental stresses in plants' and consumers' perspectives were uncoupled across this coastal landscape. Neither crab abundance nor crab grazing intensity was correlated with plant productivity. Plant productivity and crab abundance were inconsistently related to key abiotic stressors including soil salinity. Depending on site, crab herbivores substantially suppressed Phragmites sexual reproductive effort (by 〉 90%, by regulating a series of population‐ and individual‐level reproductive processes) or had little effect. Where crab herbivores had stronger impacts was not predicted by plant productivity, but largely by crab abundance via a threshold model. Above an abundance threshold, crabs increasingly suppressed Phragmites sexual reproductive effort. Synthesis. Our study revealed that consumer control of plant reproduction may be highly variable, even within a coastal landscape and for the same species, and that consumer abundance, rather than plant productivity, was a key predictor of this variation. As plants and consumers become increasingly uncoupled in many ecosystems under environmental change, the newly introduced ESM in plants' versus consumers' perspectives may be more versatile than previously recognized to inform conservation actions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-0477 , 1365-2745
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jec.v112.3
    DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14253
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3023-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004136-6
    SSG: 12
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